Amakhreyithi okumitha, izibaya ezincane ezisetshenziswa ekufuyweni kwezingulube, seziwuphawu lokuhlupheka okukhona kwezolimo zezilwane ezithuthukisiwe. Kula makhreyithi, izingulube (izingulube zezinsikazi) zibekezelela impilo yokuvalelwa, zingakwazi ukuveza ukuziphatha kwazo kwemvelo noma ukuhamba ngokukhululeka. Le ndaba ihlola usizi olujulile olutholwa izingulube zengulube emakhrethini okumitha, igqamisa imithelela yezimiso zokuziphatha futhi idinga ukuba kuhlolwe kabusha indlela esiphatha ngayo izilwane zasemapulazini.
Ukuvalelwa kanye Nokucindezeleka ngokomzimba
Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhreyithi okukhulelwa, abuye aziwe ngokuthi ama-sow stalls, ekufuyweni kwezingulube umkhuba oye wabhekwa kakhulu ngenxa yonya lwawo kanye nokunganaki inhlalakahle yezilwane. Lezi zindawo ezivalekile zifaka izingulube ezizalanisa abesifazane, noma ingulube, ekuphileni kokuhlupheka okukhulu, ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Emakhrethini okumitha, ingulube ivalelwa endaweni evalekile kangangokuthi ayikwazi nokujika noma ukuthatha izinyathelo ezimbalwa ukuze zelule imizimba yazo. Lokhu kungasebenzi kuholela ezifweni eziningi ezingokomzimba, ezihlanganisa izilonda, isifo samathambo, nokuwohloka kwemisipha. Izitezi eziqinile zikakhonkolo, ezivame ukuba nama-slats ukuvumela udoti ukuba udlule, zibhebhethekisa lezi zinkinga ngokubeka izingulube entubeni enobuthi ephuma endle yazo, okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula kanye nezifo zamaphaphu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elingokwengqondo lokuvalelwa emakhrethini okukhulelwa alikwazi ukweqiwa. Ingulube iyizilwane ezihlala zodwa, nokho zihlukanisiwe futhi azikwazi ukuxhumana nabantu kulezi zindawo ezivalekile. Njengoba bechitha impilo yabo yonke yabantu abadala kulezi zimo, inhlalakahle yabo yengqondo iyawohloka, okuholela ekuziphatheni okubonisa ukucindezeleka, njengokunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe noma ukuzilimaza. Ezinye izingulube zengulube zize zibonise izimpawu zokuphelelwa ithemba ngokwedlulele, ziphendukela ekushayeni amakhanda azo ngokuphindaphindiwe emigoqweni yekheji kulokho okubonakala kuwumzamo wokubaleka noma ukuzibulala.
Naphezu kwalezi zibonakaliso ezicacile zokuhlupheka, abanye abalimi bezingulube bayaqhubeka nokuvikela ukusetshenziswa kwamakhreyithi okukhulelwa ngokuphikisana ngokuthi ayadingeka ukuvimbela izingulube ukuthi zingalwi futhi zilimazane lapho zihlaliswa ndawonye. Kodwa-ke, lesi sizathu siyehluleka ukuvuma ukuthi kunezinye izinhlelo zezindlu, njengezindlu zamaqembu, ezivumela ukuxhumana phakathi kwengulube ngenkathi kunciphisa ukungqubuzana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingulube ziyizilwane ezingezona ulaka ngokwemvelo, futhi izingxabano zivame ukuvela lapho izidingo zazo eziyisisekelo zokunethezeka nokondleka zingahlangatshezwana nazo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhreyithi okukhulelwa ekufuyweni kwezingulube kumela ukwephulwa okukhulu kwezimiso zenhlalakahle yezilwane. Lezi zindawo ezivalekile zivame ukuhlwanyela impilo yosizi, ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, futhi zibanqabele inkululeko eyisisekelo nokunethezeka. Kubalulekile ukuthi siphinde sihlole indlela esiphatha ngayo izilwane zasemapulazini kanye nokuguqukela ezindleleni zokulima ezinobuntu nezisimeme ezibeka kuqala inhlalakahle yezilwane ngaphezu kwenzuzo. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho singasho khona ukuthi siwumphakathi owazisa ububele nenhlonipho kubo bonke abantu abaphilayo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwekhreyithi le-farrowing kanye nekhreyithi lokumitha?
Ekufuyweni kwezingulube zezimboni, womabili amakhreyithi okumitha kanye namakhreyithi okuzala asetshenziselwa ukuvala izingulube, kodwa asebenza ngezinhloso ezahlukene futhi asetshenziswa ezigabeni ezihlukene zenqubo yokuzala.
Amakhreyithi okumitha, abuye aziwe ngokuthi ama-sow stalls, ayizibaya ezincane lapho izingulube ezikhulelwe zivalelwe isikhathi esiningi sokukhulelwa kwazo, okuvamise ukuthatha izinyanga ezintathu. Lawa makhreyithi enzelwe ukuvimbela ukunyakaza kwezingulube, ngokuvamile kuze kube yilapho zingakwazi ukujika ngokukhululeka. Inhloso eyinhloko yamakhreyithi okukhulelwa ukulawula umjikelezo wokudla kanye nokuzala kwezinsikazi, ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle ekufuyweni kwezingulube.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhreyithi okuzala asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuzala, noma inqubo yokuzala. Zinikeza indawo elawulwayo yezingulube ukuthi zizale futhi zincelise amazinyane azo. Amakhreyithi okuzala ngokuvamile makhulu kunamakhreyithi okumitha futhi anezici ezengeziwe, ezifana nezinsimbi zokuvikela noma zokuhlukanisa, ukuvikela amazinyane asanda kuzalwa ukuthi angachotshozwa ngephutha. Izingulube ezingulube zivame ukugcinwa emakhrethini okuzala amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokubeletha kuze kube yilapho amazinyane eselunyuliwe.
Nakuba womabili amakhreyithi okumitha kanye namakhreyithi okuzala egxekwa ngokuvalelwa kwawo kanye nemingcele yokunyakaza, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinjongo ezithile kanye nomehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezibaya ekufuyweni kwezingulube.
Ukuxhashazwa Ngokuzala
Esinye sezibonelo ezigqamile kakhulu zokuxhashazwa kokuzala singatholakala ekusetshenzisweni kwamakhreyithi okukhulelwa ekufuyweni kwezingulube. Izingulube ezizalanisa abesifazane, noma ingulube, zivalelwe kulezi zindawo ezincane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwazo, azikwazi ukunyakaza noma ukuveza ukuziphatha kwemvelo. Zikhulelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe umjikelezo oqhubekayo wokuzala, ngaphandle kokunaka impilo yazo engokomzimba noma inhlalakahle engokomzwelo. Lokhu kuxhashazwa okungapheli kwamandla azo okuzala kunciphisa izingulube zibe imishini yokuzalanisa nje, engenakho ukuzimela nokuzisebenzela.
Ukuxhashazwa kokuzala kudlulela nakwezinye izici zezolimo zezilwane, njengokuzalela izilwane ezifunwayo, ngokuvamile ngokulahlekelwa impilo nempilo yazo. Emzamweni wokuthola isivuno esiphezulu namazinga okukhula ngokushesha, izilwane zingase zibe ngaphansi kokuguqulwa kofuzo okuzibeka engozini yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo kanye nokukhubazeka. Ukwengeza, ukuzalanisa okuzenzela kanye nezindlela zokudlulisa umbungu zingase zisetshenziselwe ukuphatha izinqubo zokuzala ukuze kuzuze abantu, ngaphandle kokucabangela inhlalakahle yezilwane ezihilelekile.
Imithelela yesimilo sokuxhashazwa ngokuzala ijulile. Ngokuphatha izilwane njengempahla nje okufanele zisetshenziswe ukuze kuzuze inzuzo, asikunaki ukubaluleka kwazo okungaphakathi nelungelo lokuphila ngaphandle kokulimala okungadingekile. Ukuphishekela ngokungaphezi ukukhiqiza nokusebenza kahle kwezolimo zezilwane ngokuvamile kuholela ekunganakeni kokucabangela inhlalakahle yezilwane, okuholela ekuhluphekeni okusabalele kanye nosizi.
Kungani amakhreyithi okukhulelwa engalungile?
Amakhreyithi okukhulelwa agxekwa kakhulu ngomthelela wawo omubi enhlalakahleni yezilwane ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:
- Ukuvinjelwa kokuziphatha:
- Amakhreyithi okumitha anciphisa kakhulu ukuziphatha kwemvelo nokunyakaza kwezingulube. Izingulube ezingulube zivalelwe kulezi zivalo ezincane, ngokuvamile azikwazi ngisho ukuphenduka ngokunethezeka noma ukusebenzelana okuvamile.
- Ukuntuleka kwendawo kanye nokukhuthazwa kwemvelo kungabangela isithukuthezi, ukukhungatheka, kanye nengcindezi ezingulubeni. Bancishwa ikhono lokuveza ukuziphatha kwemvelo okufana nezimpande, ukuzalanisa, nokudla, okubalulekile empilweni yabo ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
- Ukulimala kokuvalelwa:
- Izimo eziminyene phakathi kwamakhreyithi okumitha zingaholela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkinga zempilo ezingulubeni. Ukuvalelwa isikhathi eside kungaholela ekuwohlokeni kwemisipha, izinkinga zamalunga, kanye nezilonda zokucindezela ngenxa yokulala ezindaweni eziqinile.
- Ukwengeza, ama-slatted flooring avame ukusetshenziswa kumakhreyithi okumitha angabangela ukulimala ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni, kanye nemihuzuko kanye nezifo ngokuthintana nomchamo nendle.
- I-stereotypy:
- Ukuziphatha okugxilile, okwaziwa nangokuthi ama-stereotypies, kuwukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo, okungavamile okuboniswa izilwane ezigcinwe ezindaweni ezinemingcele. Ingulube esemakhrethini okukhulelwa ingase ibonise ukuziphatha okungokwenkolo okufana nokuluma ibha, ukukhanda ikhanda, noma ukwaluka, ngenxa yengcindezi engapheli kanye nokukhungatheka.
- Lokhu kuziphatha akubonisi nje ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kodwa kungaholela ekulimaleni okwengeziwe ngokomzimba, njengezinkinga zamazinyo noma izilonda zokuzilimaza.
Sekukonke, amakhreyithi okumitha athathwa njengongenabuntu futhi ayinkinga ngokwezimiso zokuziphatha ngenxa yokuvalelwa kwazo izingulube ezinsikazi ezimeni ezihlulekayo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zazo eziyisisekelo zomzimba nezokuziphatha.
Ongakwenza
Ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokumelene nonya olwenziwa ezingulubeni embonini yenyama kuqala ngokukhetha komuntu ngamunye kanye nemizamo yokumela. Nazi ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze wenze umehluko:
- Khetha Izindlela Ezihlukile Ezisekelwe Ezitshalweni: Khetha ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni esikhundleni semikhiqizo yengulube. Ziningi ezinye izindlela ezitholakala ezitshalweni ezimnandi nezinomsoco ezitholakala namuhla, okuhlanganisa inyama esekelwe ezitshalweni, i-tofu, i-tempeh, imidumba, nezinhlamvu. Ngokukhetha lezi zinketho, unciphisa isidingo semikhiqizo yezilwane futhi uphephisa izingulube ekuhluphekeni.
- Zifundise Wena kanye Nabanye: Funda kabanzi mayelana namaqiniso okulima kwasefekthri kanye nonya olwenziwa ezingulubeni. Yabelana ngalolu lwazi nabangani, umndeni, kanye nozakwenu ukuze uqwashise mayelana nezimiso zokuziphatha nezemvelo zokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yengulube. Khuthaza abanye ukuthi bacabangele ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni futhi bakhethe ukudla benolwazi.
- Imizamo Yokusekela Umthetho Nezokumela: Hlala unolwazi mayelana nezinhlelo zomthetho ezihloselwe ukuthuthukisa izindinganiso zenhlalakahle yezilwane embonini yengulube. Izinhlangano ezisekelayo nemikhankaso esebenzela ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwamakhreyithi okumitha kanye neminye imikhuba engenabuntu ekufuyweni kwezingulube. Bhalela abenzi bomthetho, usayine izicelo, futhi ubambe iqhaza emibhikishweni enokuthula yokumela imithetho eqinile yokuvikela izilwane.
- Ukuholwa Ngesibonelo: Yiba yisibonelo sokuphila okunozwelo ngokwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Yabelana nabanye ngamarisiphu amnandi asekelwe ezitshalweni, phatha ukudla okungenanyama noma ama-potlucks, futhi ubonise ukuthi ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kungaba okwanelisayo futhi okwanelisa kanjani. Izenzo zakho zingakhuthaza abanye ukuthi bacabange kabusha imikhuba yabo yokudla futhi benze ukukhetha okunokuziphatha okuhle nokuqhubekayo.
