Endaweni yawo yemvelo, ama-orcas asendle namahlengethwa anqamula indawo ebanzi yolwandle, ezibandakanya ekusebenzelaneni komphakathi okuyinkimbinkimbi futhi agcwalisa isifiso sawo semvelo sokuhlola. Nokho, imingcele yokuthunjwa ibaphuca le nkululeko eyisisekelo, ibabeke emathangeni angenalutho angenalutho uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlu zabo zasolwandle ezibanzi. Imibuthano engapheli ezibhukuda kuyo kulezi zindawo zokwenziwa zibukisa ubukhona bazo, obungenakho ukujula nokwehlukahlukana kwendawo yazo yemvelo.
Ziphoqelelwe ukwenza amaqhinga okwehlisa isithunzi ukuze kujabulise izibukeli, izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle ezithunjiwe ziphucwa ukuzimela nesithunzi sazo. Lokhu kuboniswa, okungenayo incazelo noma injongo engokwemvelo, kusebenza kuphela ukuqhubekisela phambili inkohliso yokubusa komuntu phezu kwemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlukaniswa kwabantu ezibophweni zabo zomndeni kuhlanganisa ukuhlukumezeka kokuthunjwa, njengoba bephithizela phakathi kwamapaki bengenandaba nenhlalakahle yabo engokomzwelo.
Ngokudabukisayo, izilwane eziningi ezincelisayo zasolwandle ezithunjiwe zibulawa ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, zisilela kancane esikhathini esingokwemvelo sokuphila kwezinhlobo zazo. Ingcindezi, ukukhungatheka, nokuphelelwa ithemba okukhona ekuphileni kwabo ekuthunjweni kubonakala ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zokugula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ekugcineni kufinyelele umvuthwandaba ngokufa okungakafiki isikhathi. Naphezu kwezimangalo zemboni zokunikela ngenzuzo yemfundo nemizamo yokonga, iqiniso lihluke ngokuphelele—ibhizinisi elakhelwe ekuxhashazweni nasekuhluphekeni.
Lesi sihloko sidingida ezindabeni eziyinkimbinkimbi eziphathelene nokubanjwa nokuvalelwa kwezilwane zasolwandle, ihlola izinto eziphathelene nesimilo, imvelo, kanye nokukhathazeka okungokwengqondo okuhlobene nale mboni.
Izidalwa zasolwandle ziyathakazelisa, futhi umhlaba wazo awufani neze nathi, kangangokuthi kuyaqondakala ukuthi abantu abaningi bafuna ukusondela kuzo.
Amapaki okuhweba olwandle kanye nezindawo ezihlala emanzini asebenzisa leli lukuluku lokufika kuzigidi zamaRandi emhlabeni jikelele unyaka ngamunye. Kodwa kusho ukuthini lokhu ngezilwane ngokwazo?
Indawo engeyona eyemvelo
Ukuthunjwa kwezilwane eziqiwini zasolwandle nasezindaweni zasemanzini kumela ukusuka endaweni yazo yemvelo, kuzincishe ikhono lokuveza uhla lwazo olugcwele lokuziphatha. Leli qiniso elingakhululekile ligcizelela ukukhathazeka okungokwemvelo kokuvalela izidalwa ezinemizwa ukuzijabulisa kwabantu.
Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngama-king penguin, izidalwa ezinhle ezaziwa ngamakhono azo amangalisayo okutshuza. Endle, lezi zinyoni zihamba emanzini abandayo e-Southern Ocean, zitshuza ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha ayi-100 futhi zidlule ngisho namamitha angu-300 ngezinye izikhathi. Ezimweni ezinjalo ezinwebekayo neziguquguqukayo, bakhululekile ukukhombisa ukuziphatha kwabo kwemvelo, kusukela ekuzingeleni izinhlanzi kuya ekuhlanganyeleni okuyinkimbinkimbi komphakathi phakathi kwamakoloni abo.
Nokho, imingcele yokuthunjwa ibekela lezi zilwane imingcele enzima, izivalela ezindaweni ezizivalekile eziyingxenye encane nje yezindawo ezihlala kuzo ezingokwemvelo. Ezimweni ezinjalo ezinemikhawulo, ama-king penguin ancishwa ithuba lokuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kwawo okungokwemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukutshuza nokufuna ukudla ekujuleni okuhambisana namakhono awo. Kunalokho, bayehliselwa ukuhamba beya emuva naphambili phakathi kwezindawo ezizivalekile, ukulingisa ukunyakaza okunamandla ababengakuzwa endle.
Umehluko phakathi kokuziphatha kwemvelo kwezilwane kanye nemikhawulo yokwenziwa yokuthunjwa akugcini kuma-king penguin kuphela. Amahlengethwa, adume ngokubonisa i-acrobatic kanye nobuhlakani bezenhlalo, avalelwe emachibini aluhlaza uma eqhathaniswa nodedangendlale wolwandle alubiza ngokuthi ikhaya. Ngokufanayo, ama-orcas, izilwane ezidla ezinye olwandle, ziphoqeleka ukuba zibhukude iziyingi ezingapheli emathangini afana kancane namanzi avulekile abake bawazulazula.
Uvalelekile, ucindezelekile futhi awunampilo
Izilwane ezivalelwe emapaki asolwandle nasezindaweni ezihlala emanzini zisuswa ukuziphatha kwazo kwemvelo nokuxhumana nabantu, azikwazi ukudla ukudla noma ukwakha izibopho njengoba bezingenza endle. Ukuzimela kwabo kubukela phansi, kubenza bangakwazi ukulawula indawo ebazungezile.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa e-UK lwembula amazinga ashaqisayo okuziphatha okungavamile phakathi kwezilwane zasemanzini, okuvame ukubonwa ngokuzungeza, ukukhanda ikhanda, kanye namaphethini okubhukuda azungezayo. Oshaka nemisebe, ikakhulukazi, babonisa ukuziphatha okweqisayo, ukuziphatha okungavamile ukubonakala ezindaweni zabo zemvelo.
Lolu cwaningo luphinde lukhanyise ngemvelaphi yezilwane eziningi zasolwandle e-aquaria yomphakathi, okulinganiselwa ukuthi ama-89% abanjwe zasendle. Imvamisa, laba bantu bayizimponjwana zemboni yokudoba, zinikelwa ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini mahhala. Naphezu kwezimangalo zemizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo, njengokuvikela indawo yokuhlala, ucwaningo lwathola ubufakazi obuncane bemisebenzi yokongiwa kwe-in situ phakathi kwe-aquaria yomphakathi yase-UK.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga zezempilo ezikhungethe izilwane kulezi zikhungo zazivamile ngendlela eshaqisayo, ezihlanganisa imihuzuko, izilonda, izibazi, izifo zamehlo, ukukhubazeka, izifo, ukukhula okungavamile, ngisho nokufa. Lokhu okutholakele kuveza isithombe esingesihle senhlalakahle nempilo yezilwane zasolwandle ezithunjiwe, okugqamisa isidingo esiphuthumayo sezinguquko zokuziphatha ngaphakathi kwemboni.
Imindeni Iyahlukana
Iqiniso elidabukisayo lokuthunjwa kwezilwane zasolwandle lidlulela ngale kwamathange nezindawo ezivalekile, lithinta izibopho ezijulile zomndeni nezinkundla zokuxhumana ezinanela ezethu. Ama-Orcas namahlengethwa, ahlonishwa ngenxa yobuhlakani bawo nobunkimbinkimbi benhlalo, abelana ngobudlelwano obujulile bomndeni kanye nezinhlaka zenhlalo eziyinkimbinkimbi endle.
Ezweni lemvelo, ama-orcas ahlala ethembekile konina, enza izibopho zokuphila konke ezihlala ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Ngokufanayo, amahlengethwa adabula ulwandle ngama-pods abambene, lapho ubudlelwano bomndeni obuqinile nokubumbana komphakathi kuchaza ubukhona bawo. Uma ilungu le-pod yabo libanjwa, imiphumela iphindaphinda kulo lonke iqembu, kanti abanye bavame ukuzama ukungenelela noma ukusindisa umngane wabo othunjiwe.
Inqubo yokuthunjwa zasendle iwuvivinyo olubuhlungu, oluphawulwa ukuhlukumezeka kanye nenhlekelele. Izikebhe zijaha amahlengethwa, ziwayisa emanzini angashoni lapho ukuphunyula kuyize phakathi kokuzungeza amanetha. Labo ababhekwa njengabangafunwa bangase babhekane nesiphetho esinonya, babhekane nesimo esibuhlungu sokushaqeka, ukucindezeleka, noma inyumoniya lapho bekhululwa. Ezindaweni ezinjengeTaiji Cove, eJapane, ukubulawa kwamahlengethwa kwaminyaka yonke kuyisikhumbuzo esibuhlungu sonya olwenziwa kulezi zidalwa ezihlakaniphile. Ngo-2014 kuphela, amahlengethwa angu-500 ahlanganiswa, ukuphila kwawo kwaqedwa udlame nokuchitheka kwegazi. Labo abasinda ekufeni babevame ukudatshulwa emindenini yabo futhi bathengiselwe ekuthunjweni, imizamo yabo ephithizelayo yokubalekela ubufakazi obudabukisayo besifiso esingokwemvelo sokufuna inkululeko.
Izimiso Zokuziphatha Zokuthunjwa
Umnyombo wenkulumo-mpikiswano kukhona umbuzo wesimilo wokuthi kuyafaneleka yini ukuvalela izidalwa ezinomqondo ukuzijabulisa kwabantu. Izilwane zasolwandle, kusukela kumahlengethwa nemikhomo kuya kwezinhlanzi nezimfudu zasolwandle, zinekhono lokuqonda eliyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezakhiwo zomphakathi ezisengozini enkulu ekuthunjweni. Umkhuba wokuthunjwa kwalezi zilwane ezindaweni zazo zemvelo akuphazamisi ukuphila komuntu ngamunye kuphela kodwa futhi nesimiso semvelo sonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvalelwa ezindaweni zokwenziwa kuvame ukuholela ekucindezelekeni, ekuguleni, nasekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi phakathi kwezilwane zasolwandle ezithunjiwe, okuphakamisa ukukhathazeka okungathi sína ngokuziphatha kokuthunjwa kwazo.
Imithelela Yemvelo
Umthelela wokuthunjwa kwezilwane zasolwandle ukuze kufakwe emanzini kanye namapaki olwandle udlulela ngalé kwabantu abathathwe endle. Ukukhishwa kwezilwane zasolwandle kuphazamisa izimiso zemvelo ezintekenteke futhi kungaba nemiphumela emibi kubantu bendawo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukudoba ngokweqile kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwendawo okuhlala kuyo okuhlobene nokubamba lezi zilwane kungaholela ekwehleni kwenani lezinhlanzi kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezixhobo zamakhorali, kubhebhethekise nakakhulu isimo esivele sibi sezilwandle zomhlaba. Ukwengeza, ukuthuthwa kwezilwane zasolwandle kunqamule amabanga amade ngezinjongo zombukiso kunomthelela ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni futhi kubangela ubungozi empilweni nasenhlalakahleni yazo.
Inhlalakahle Yengqondo
Ngalé kwezinselele ezingokomzimba, ukuthunjwa nakho kunomthelela enhlalakahleni engokwengqondo yezilwane zasolwandle. Njengoba zivalelwe amathangi amancane noma ezindaweni ezivalekile, lezi zidalwa zincishwa ubukhulu bolwandle kanye nokuxhumana komphakathi okubalulekile empilweni yazo yengqondo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi amahlengethwa athunjiwe, isibonelo, abonisa ukuziphatha okungavamile okufana namaphethini okubhukuda angokwengqondo nolaka, okubonisa ingcindezi nokukhungatheka. Ngokufanayo, ama-orcas agcinwe eziqiwini zasolwandle aye abhekwa ukuze abonise izimpawu zokucindezeleka kwengqondo, okuhlanganisa ukuwohloka komgogodla kanye nokuziphatha okuzilimazayo, okugqamisa imiphumela eyingozi yokuthunjwa enhlalakahleni yabo yengqondo.
Ungasiza kanjani
“Mabakhululeke Bonke” kunanela ikhwelo lomhlaba wonke lozwelo nenhlonipho kubo bonke abantu abaphilayo, ikakhulukazi labo abahlala endaweni enkulukazi yolwandle. Kuyisicelo sokuqaphela ukubaluleka kwemvelo kwezilwane zasolwandle futhi sizinike inkululeko nesithunzi esizifanele.
Endle, izilwane zasolwandle zihamba ekujuleni kolwandle ngomusa nangokukhuthazela, uhlobo ngalunye ludlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi lokuphila. Kusukela ku-orca ebabazekayo kuye kuhlengethwa oludlalayo, lezi zidalwa azizona nje izinto zokuzijabulisa komuntu kodwa izidalwa ezizwelayo ezinezinhlaka zomphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuziphatha okungokwemvelo okuhlonishwe phakathi nenkulungwane yeminyaka yokuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Ukuthunjwa kwezilwane zasolwandle ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini nasemapaki olwandle kumelela ukukhaphela okujulile kwefa lazo lemvelo, kuzincisha inkululeko yokuzulazula kanye nokuzimela kokuveza ukuziphatha kwazo okungokwemvelo. Evalelwe emathangini angenalutho nasezindaweni ezivalekile, aphelelwa amandla esimweni esingapheli, anqatshelwe ithuba lokufeza izifiso zawo zemvelo nezibopho zomphakathi.
Njengabaphathi beplanethi, kuyisibopho kithi ukuqaphela isibopho sokuziphatha sokuhlonipha amalungelo ezilwane zasolwandle ukuze ziphile ngokukhululeka ezindaweni zazo zemvelo. Kunokuba siqhubekisele phambili umjikelezo wokuxhashazwa nokuhlupheka, kumelwe silwele ukuvikela nokulondoloza izilwandle njengezindawo zokulondoloza ukuphila, lapho izilwane zasolwandle zingachuma khona endaweni yazo yemvelo.
Masilalele ikhwelo lokuthatha isinyathelo futhi sikhuthaze ukuphela kokuthunjwa kwezilwane zasolwandle, sikhuthaze ezinye izindlela zokongiwa kwemvelo kanye nemfundo ezibeka eqhulwini inhlalakahle nesithunzi salezi zidalwa ezinhle kakhulu. Ndawonye, singakha ikusasa lapho zonke izilwane zasolwandle zikhululekile ukubhukuda, ukudlala, nokuchuma emkhathini ongenamkhawulo wolwandle. Mabakhululeke bonke.
Zibophezele ukuthi awusoze wahambela ipaki yasolwandle noma indawo yasolwandle
Yabelana ngaleli khasi nomndeni nabangane!
