Ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu nezilwane ezifuywayo bungesinye sezibopho ezijule kakhulu futhi ezizuzisa kakhulu. Kuwo wonke umlando, izilwane ziye zafeza indima ebalulekile emiphakathini yabantu, kusukela ekubeni abangane kuya ekunikezeni usizo emsebenzini, ekuvikelekeni, nasekwelapheni. Namuhla, izilwane ezifuywayo azibhekwa njengamalungu omndeni kuphela kodwa futhi zifaka isandla kakhulu enhlalakahleni engokomzwelo nangokwengqondo yabanikazi bazo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuxhumana okuyinkimbinkimbi nokujulile phakathi kwabantu nezilwane ezifuywayo, sihlola izinzuzo ezingokwengqondo, zemizwa, nezomzimba zalobu budlelwano.
Ukuvela Kobudlelwano Bomuntu Nezilwane
Ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantu nezilwane buye baba nezinguquko ezinkulu phakathi nezinkulungwane zeminyaka. Ekuqaleni, izilwane zazigcinelwe izinhloso zosizo, zisebenza izindima ezazibalulekile ekusindeni nasekuthuthukisweni kwemiphakathi yakuqala yabantu. Abantu bokuqala babethembela ezilwaneni ukwenza imisebenzi efana nokuzingela, ukwelusa nokuqapha. Lezi zilwane zazibhekwa njengamathuluzi ayesiza abantu ukuthi bavikele ukudla, bavikele amakhaya abo, futhi baqinisekise ukuphepha kwabo. Ngokwesibonelo, izinja ezifuywayo zazisiza ngokuzingela nokuqapha izindawo zokuhlala, kuyilapho izilwane ezinjengezimbuzi, izimvu nezinkomo zazifuyelwa inyama yazo, ubisi noboya.
Njengoba imiphakathi yabantu ithuthuka, ikakhulukazi ngokufika kwezolimo nokudlondlobala kwempucuko, ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu nezilwane baqala ukushintsha. Izilwane zahlanganiswa kakhulu ekuphileni komuntu, hhayi nje njengezisebenzi noma abahlinzeki kodwa futhi njengabangane. Lokhu kushintshwa kwaphawula inguquko ebalulekile esibophweni somuntu nesilwane, njengoba izilwane zaqala ukuthatha izindima ezintsha ezidlulela ngale kokusebenza.
Ngokwesibonelo, izinja, ekuqaleni ezazaziwa ngenxa yamakhono azo okuzingela nokuqapha, kancane kancane zaziwa ngokwethembeka, uthando nobungane. Impucuko yasendulo, njengabaseGibhithe, amaRoma namaGreki, yaqala ukufuya izinja hhayi nje njengezilwane ezisebenzayo kodwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezithandwayo. Amakati, nawo, avela ekubeni abavikeli nje bezitolo zokudla, esiza ukulawula amagundane, ukuze ahlonishwe njengabangane ngisho nezimpawu zesivikelo saphezulu kwamanye amasiko. Ngokwesibonelo, abaseGibhithe lasendulo babewahlonipha kakhulu amakati, bewahlobanisa nonkulunkulukazi uBastet, umvikeli wekhaya nomndeni.
Njengoba imiphakathi yabantu iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kwaba njalo nezindima zezilwane ekuphileni kwabantu. Inguquko yezimboni kanye nokukhula kwedolobha kwaholela kwezinye izinguquko ebudlelwaneni babantu nezilwane. Njengoba abantu bethuthela emadolobheni nasezimbonini, isidingo sezilwane emisebenzini yendabuko njengokulima nokwelusa sehla. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuphela kwesibopho somuntu nesilwane. Eqinisweni, indima yezilwane ezifuywayo, ikakhulukazi izinja namakati, yaqina phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Izilwane ezifuywayo zaqala ukubonakala kakhulu njengamalungu omndeni, zinikeza ubungane, ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo, nothando olungenamibandela kubanikazi bazo. Inkathi yezimboni yavumela abantu abaningi ukuba babe nesikhathi nezinsiza zokunakekela izilwane njengabangane, okuholela ekushintsheni okukhulu endleleni izilwane ezazibhekwa ngayo.
Lolu shintsho luphinde lwaqondana nokuqashelwa okukhulayo kwezinzuzo ezingokomzwelo nezingokwengqondo zokuba nezilwane ezifuywayo. Isenzo esilula sokuphulula inja noma ikati satholakala sinemiphumela epholile, sinciphisa ukucindezeleka futhi sandisa imizwa yenjabulo. Ngekhulu lama-20, ucwaningo lwaqala ukubonisa ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo, ikakhulukazi izinja namakati, zinganikeza ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo, zisize ekudambiseni isizungu, futhi zithuthukise ngisho nempilo engokomzimba ngokukhuthaza ukuvivinya umzimba. Ngalesi sikhathi, isibopho phakathi kwabantu nezilwane ezifuywayo sabonakala ngokuya sibonakala njengobudlelwano obubili, lapho izilwane ezifuywayo zinganikezi nje kuphela usizo olungokoqobo kodwa futhi zinikeza imivuzo engokomzwelo kubanikazi bazo.
Ezikhathini zanamuhla, ubuhlobo babantu nesilwane buye bashintsha baba into ejule kakhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Nakuba izilwane ezifuywayo zisaziswa ngobungane bazo, izilwane eziningi, njengezinja, amakati, ngisho onogwaja nezingulube, zibhekwa njengamalungu abalulekile omndeni. Umqondo “wokukhulisa izilwane ezifuywayo” usuqhamukile, lapho abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo bengagcini nje ngokutshala imali ekuhlinzekeni ngokudla nendawo yokuhlala kodwa enhlalakahleni yonke yezilwane zabo ezifuywayo, baqinisekise ukuthi banempilo eyanelisayo enokunakekelwa kwezempilo okufanele, ukunothisa imizwa, nokukhuthazwa ngokomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezifuywayo ziya ngokuya ziqashelwa ngezindima zazo zokwelapha. Izilwane ezifuywayo eziningi, ikakhulukazi izinja, ziye zaqeqeshelwa ukusebenza njengezilwane zesevisi, ukusiza abantu abakhubazekile njengokungaboni, izinkinga zokuhamba, noma ukuphazamiseka kokucindezeleka kwangemva kokuhlukumezeka (PTSD). Lezi zilwane azinikezi nje kuphela usizo olungokoqobo kodwa futhi nokusekela ngokomzwelo, ezithuthukisa izinga lokuphila kubanikazi bazo. Inani lokwelapha lezilwane ezifuywayo liye lakhula ngokukhula kokwelapha okusizwa yizilwane, lapho izilwane zisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, ezengqondo, nezilungiselelo zomphakathi ukuze zisize abantu ngabanye ukuthi balulame ekuhlukumezekeni, babhekane nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo, futhi bathuthukise inhlalakahle iyonke.
Namuhla, ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu nezilwane buyaqhubeka buthuthuka njengoba umphakathi uqondana nezidingo zezilwane nokubaluleka kwenhlalakahle yazo. Kukhona ukuqashelwa okukhulayo kokuthi izilwane, ikakhulukazi ezifuywayo, zinemizwa futhi zifanelwe ukuphathwa ngenhlonipho nokunakekelwa. Imithetho evikela izilwane ekuhlukunyezweni nasekunganakelweni iye yaqiniswa, futhi izinga lokutholwa kwezilwane liphakeme kakhulu njengoba abantu abaningi bekhetha ukuhlenga izilwane ezindaweni zokukhosela kunokuba bazithenge kubafuyi.
Isibopho phakathi kwabantu nezilwane ezifuywayo buye saba usizo ngokufanayo, izilwane ezifuywayo zinikeza ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba, kuyilapho abantu benikeza uthando, ukunakekelwa, nesivikelo. Lokhu kuxhumana okujulile okungokomzwelo kuvame ukufaniswa nesibopho phakathi kwamalungu omndeni, lapho izilwane ezifuywayo zingabonwa njengezilwane nje, kodwa njengabangane ababalulekile abaletha injabulo, induduzo, nenjongo ekuphileni kwabanikazi bazo.
Njengoba sibheke esikhathini esizayo, ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantu nezilwane cishe buyoqhubeka buqina. Ngokuthuthuka ekunakekelweni kwezilwane, impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane, izilwane ezifuywayo zizoqhubeka ziphila isikhathi eside, izimpilo ezinempilo, futhi indima yazo ezimpilweni zethu izobaluleka kakhulu. Isibopho esithuthukayo phakathi kwabantu nezilwane siwubufakazi bekhono elimangalisayo lokuzwelana nokuxhumana okukhona kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, okufakazela ukuthi izilwane akubona nje abangani, kodwa amalungu abalulekile emindeni yethu nemiphakathi.
Izinzuzo Zengqondo Nezomzwelo
Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu izilwane ezifuywayo ezithinta ngayo abanikazi bazo ungokusekelwa ngokomzwelo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukuba khona kwesilwane esifuywayo kungasiza ekunciphiseni imizwa yesizungu nokucindezeleka. Izilwane ezifuywayo, ikakhulukazi izinja namakati, zinikeza uthando olungenamibandela nothando, olunganikeza umuzwa wenduduzo ngezikhathi ezinzima. Basebenza futhi njengomthombo wobungane, ikakhulukazi kubantu abahlala bodwa noma ababhekene nezinselele zomuntu siqu.
Kubantu abaningi, izilwane ezifuywayo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwabo ngokwengqondo. Isenzo sokuphulula noma sokudlala nesilwane esifuywayo siboniswe ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, ukukhuthaza imizwa yokuphumula nokuzola. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhululwa kwe-oxytocin, i-hormone ekhuthaza ukuhlangana nokuphumula, okwenzeka lapho abantu bexhumana nezilwane zabo ezifuywayo. Ukwengeza, izilwane ezifuywayo zingasiza ukulwa nemizwa yokuhlukaniswa ngokunikeza umuzwa wenjongo kanye nomngane onokwethenjelwa, ongahluleli.
Izinzuzo Zempilo Engokwenyama Zobunikazi Bezilwane Ezifuywayo
Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo ezingokomzwelo, ubunikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo bungaba nezinzuzo ezibonakalayo zezempilo ngokomzimba. Enye yezinzuzo ezaziwa kakhulu ukwanda kokusebenza komzimba, ikakhulukazi kubanikazi bezinja. Ukuhamba okuvamile nokudlala ngaphandle kuyingxenye yemvelo yokuba nenja, ukukhuthaza abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi bahlale bematasa futhi bazivocavoce. Lokhu kwanda kokuzivocavoca umzimba kungathuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kunciphise ingozi yokukhuluphala, futhi kuthuthukise inhlalakahle yomzimba wonke.
Izilwane ezifuywayo zinamandla okunciphisa imiphumela engokomzimba yokucindezeleka. Isenzo esilula sokuphulula inja noma ikati singehlisa umfutho wegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo, okungaholela empilweni engcono. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo bavame ukuba namazinga e-hormone yokucindezeleka aphansi, njenge-cortisol, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuthuthukisiwe kokuzivikela komzimba, okugqamisa kakhulu izinzuzo zezempilo zokuba nesilwane esifuywayo.
Iqhaza Lezilwane Ezifuywayo Ekwelapheni Nesevisi
Eminyakeni yamuva, izilwane ezifuywayo zandise izindima zazo ngaphezu kobungani nokuzijabulisa. Izilwane ezifuywayo eziningi ziqeqeshelwa njengezilwane zesevisi, zinikeza usizo kubantu abakhubazekile. Izinja, isibonelo, zingasiza abantu abanokukhubazeka kokuhamba, zinikeze ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo, noma zisebenze njengezinja eziqondisayo zalabo abanokukhubazeka kokubona. Lezi zilwane zesevisi azihlinzeki nje ngosizo olungokoqobo kodwa futhi nokududuza ngokomzwelo, okusiza ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo kubanikazi bazo.
Ngokungeziwe ezilwaneni zesevisi, izilwane ezifuywayo ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa ezilungiselelweni zokwelapha. Ukwelapha okusizwa ngezilwane (AAT) kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezilwane eziqeqeshiwe ukusiza abantu abanezinselele ezingokomzimba, ezingokomzwelo, nezingokwengqondo. Ukwelashwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo kutholakale kuphumelela ekusizeni abantu abanezimo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-PTSD, ukucindezeleka, nokukhathazeka, ngokunikeza induduzo nokukhuthaza ukusebenzisana okuhle.
Ukuqinisa Isibopho
Isibopho phakathi kwabantu nezilwane ezifuywayo akuyona indlela eyodwa; kuyavumelana. Nakuba izilwane ezifuywayo zinikeza izinzuzo ezingokomzwelo nezingokwenyama kubanikazi bazo, abantu baphinde banakekele futhi bavikele izilwane ezifuywayo, baqinisekise ukuthi bathola ukudla, indawo yokuhlala, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha nothando. Isenzo sokunakekela nokunakekela isilwane esifuywayo singandisa imizwa yomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nenjongo, ebalulekile ekukhuleni komuntu siqu kanye nenhlalakahle.
Isibopho siqiniswa ngokwengeziwe okuhlangenwe nakho okwabiwe kanye nemisebenzi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukudlala nesilwane esifuywayo, ukuhamba naso, noma ukuchitha isikhathi ndawonye, lezi zikhathi zokusebenzelana zibalulekile ukuze ujulise ukuxhumana okungokomzwelo. Izilwane ezifuywayo futhi zinekhono elimangalisayo lokuqonda nokusabela emizweni yabanikazi bazo, okudala isibopho esiyingqayizivele esisekelwe ekuzweleni nasekuthembaneni.
