Imboni yesimanje yezolimo iye yashintsha indlela esikhiqiza ngayo ukudla, okuvumele ukwanda okukhulu kokukhiqizwa kokudla ukuze kondle inani labantu elandayo. Kodwa-ke, ngalokhu kwanda kuza ukwanda kokulima kwefekthri, uhlelo olubeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo ngaphezu kwenhlalakahle yezilwane kanye nokusimama kwemvelo. Nakuba le ndlela yokukhiqiza ukudla ingase ibonakale inenzuzo, kunokukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana nomthelela wayo ongase ube nawo empilweni yomuntu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nokwanda kwezifundo eziphenya ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwasefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu. Lokhu kuye kwaqubula inkulumompikiswano eshubile phakathi kochwepheshe bezempilo, izazi zemvelo, nabalwela amalungelo ezilwane. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi ukulima kwasefekthri kubangela izingozi ezinkulu zempilo, kuyilapho abanye belulaza umthelela wako empilweni yabantu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ucwaningo lwamanje futhi sijule ebuhlotsheni obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kokulima kwefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo kubantu, sikhanyise izinhlangothi zombili zenkulumo-mpikiswano futhi sihlole izixazululo ezingaba khona kulolu daba olucindezelayo.
Umthelela wokulima kwasefekthri empilweni
Ucwaningo oluningi lwesayensi luye lwagqamisa umthelela ophathelene nemikhuba yokulima efekthri empilweni yabantu. Ukuvalelwa okujulile kwezilwane kule misebenzi kuholela ekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile kwama-antibiotics nama-hormone okukhula, okuholela ekubeni khona kwalezi zinto emikhiqizweni yezilwane ezidliwa abantu. Lokhu kusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-antibiotic kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokwanda kwamagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic, okubeka usongo olukhulu empilweni yomphakathi. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi evela ezilwaneni ezifuywa efektri kuye kwahlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola izifo ezingamahlalakhona njengezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Amazinga aphezulu amafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol etholakala kule mikhiqizo, kanye nokuba khona kwezinto eziyingozi njengezibulala-zinambuzane nezinto ezingcolisa imvelo, kunomthelela ekwakhiweni kwe-atherosclerosis nezinye izimo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lokhu okutholakele kugcizelela isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubhekana nemithelela yezempilo yokulima kwasefekthri futhi kugqugquzelwe ezinye izindlela ezisimeme nezilungile embonini yokudla.
I-cholesterol ephezulu emikhiqizweni yenyama
Kubhalwe kahle ukuthi imikhiqizo yenyama, ikakhulukazi leyo etholakala emisebenzini yokulima efektri, ingaba umthombo obalulekile we-cholesterol ekudleni. I-Cholesterol iyinto ene-waxy etholakala ekudleni okusekelwe ezilwaneni edlala indima ebalulekile emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-cholesterol, ikakhulukazi ngamafutha agcwele atholakala emikhiqizweni yenyama, kungaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol kubantu. Amazinga e-cholesterol aphezulu ahlotshaniswa nengozi eyandayo yezifo zenhliziyo, okubandakanya ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela okuqukethwe kwe-cholesterol emikhiqizweni yenyama nokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokudla kwayo njengengxenye yokudla okunomsoco nokunempilo.
Ingozi yesifo senhliziyo iyanda
Ubufakazi obukhulayo besayensi bubonisa ukuthi ingozi yesifo senhliziyo iyanda kubantu abadla imikhiqizo yenyama evela emisebenzini yokulima efekthri. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi amazinga aphezulu amafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol etholakala kule mikhiqizo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ngokungaguquki ukuthi ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kungabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis, isimo esibonakala ngokunqwabelana kwe-plaque emithanjeni kanye nesici esiyingozi esikhulu senhliziyo. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yenyama evela emisebenzini yokulima efekthri kuye kwahlotshaniswa namathuba andayo okuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, enye ingxenye ebalulekile yesifo senhliziyo. Njengoba siqhubeka nokuhlola ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwasefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu, kubalulekile ukucabangela imithelela yezempilo engaba khona yokudla imikhiqizo yenyama etholakala kulokhu kuhlinzwa kanye nokukhuthaza ezinye izindlela zokudla ezibeka impilo yenhliziyo kuqala.
Ama-antibiotics ekudleni kwezilwane
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane ekudleni kwezilwane kuye kwavela njengenye into ephathelene nezinqubo zokulima zasefekthri ezingase zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu. Ama-antibiotics avame ukunikezwa emfuyweni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula nokuvimbela ukusabalala kwezifo ezindaweni eziminyene nezingahlanzekile. Kodwa-ke, lo mkhuba uphakamise ukukhathazeka mayelana nokwenzeka kwezinsalela zama-antibiotic emikhiqizweni yenyama kanye nokwakhiwa kwamagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwenyama yezilwane ezilashwa ngama-antibiotic kungaholela ekudluliseleni kwalawa magciwane amelana nama-antibiotic kubantu, okubeka ingozi enkulu yempilo yomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-antibiotic ekudleni kwezilwane kungase kuphazamise ibhalansi yamagciwane amathumbu ezilwaneni nakubantu, okungase kube nomthelela kumetabolism kanye nempilo yenhliziyo yomuntu ngamunye. Njengoba sihlolisisa ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo, kubalulekile ukubhekana nokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwama-antibiotic ekudleni kwezilwane futhi sihlole ezinye izindlela ezisimeme ezinciphisa ukuthembela kule mithi kuyilapho siqinisekisa ukuphepha kokudla kwethu.
Isixhumanisi phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama egayiwe
Ucwaningo luphinde lwembula ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama egayiwe kanye nengozi eyandayo yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu. Inyama egayiwe, njengamasoseji, ubhekeni, nenyama edliwayo, ibhekana nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokulondoloza, okuhlanganisa ukubhema, ukuphulukisa, nokwengeza izivimbelakuvunda. Lezi zinqubo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamazinga aphezulu e-sodium, amafutha agcwele, nezithasiselo zamakhemikhali, ezingaba nemiphumela elimazayo empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama egayiwe kuye kwahlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol nomfutho wegazi, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokuba nezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zingozi ziqondene ngqo nenyama egayiwe futhi ayisebenzi enyameni engacutshungulwanga noma engenamafutha. Njengoba sihlaziya ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwasefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo, umthelela wokusetshenziswa kwenyama egayiwe uba ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukukhetha kokudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo.
Ingozi eyengeziwe yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuhlobana okwethusayo phakathi kokudliwa kwenyama yezilwane ezifuywa efektri kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Izinqubo zokulima zasefekthri zivame ukubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone okukhula kanye nama-antibiotics emfuyweni, okungaholela ekubeni khona kwezinto eziyingozi emikhiqizweni yenyama. Lezi zinto, okuhlanganisa amafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol, ziye zaxhunyaniswa nokuncipha kwemithambo kanye nokwakheka kwe-plaque, kokubili okunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zenhliziyo. Ukwengeza, ukucindezeleka kanye nezimo eziminyene emapulazini efektri kungabangela impilo yezilwane engozini, okuholela ekwandeni kwamathuba okungcola kwamagciwane emikhiqizweni yenyama.
Imiphumela yamafutha agcwele
Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha agcwele kuye kwacwaningwa kabanzi futhi kutholakale ukuthi kunemiphumela eyingozi empilweni yenhliziyo. Amafutha asuthisiwe atholakala ngokuyinhloko emikhiqizweni yezilwane njengenyama ebomvu, imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha agcwele, kanye nenyama egayiwe. Uma esetshenziswe ngokweqile, lawa mafutha angakhuphula amazinga e-cholesterol ye-LDL, eyaziwa ngokuthi “i-cholesterol embi” egazini. Le cholesterol ye-LDL inganqwabelana emithanjeni, yakhe ama-plaque futhi iholele esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis. Ukuncipha kwemithambo ngenxa yala ma-plaque kuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi futhi kwandisa ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, okuhlanganisa ukumelwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba amafutha agcwele kufanele abe nomkhawulo ekudleni, kuyadingeka ukuthi esikhundleni sawo kufakwe amafutha anempilo njengamafutha angenayo i-unsaturated atholakala kumantongomane, imbewu, namafutha emifino. Ngokwenza lokhu kulungiswa kokudla, abantu banganciphisa ingozi yokuba nezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha agcwele.
Iqhaza lemboni yezolimo yezilwane
Indima yemboni yezolimo yezilwane esimweni sokuhlola ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu ayinakubukelwa phansi. Le mboni idlala indima enkulu ekukhiqizweni nasekuhlinzekweni kwemikhiqizo esekelwe ezilwaneni, eyaziwa ukuthi iqukethe amazinga aphezulu amafutha agcwele. Ukusetshenziswa kwalawa mafutha agcwele kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo zokulima zasefekthri zivame ukubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane, amahomoni, nezinye izithasiselo ezingase zibe nemiphumela emibi empilweni yabantu. Kubalulekile ukuhlolisisa nokuqonda izinqubo embonini yezolimo yezilwane kanye nomthelela wazo ongaba khona empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ukuze kuthuthukiswe amasu asebenzayo okuvikela izifo kanye nokukhuthaza izinhlelo zokudla ezizinzile nezinempilo.
Ukuxhumana nezifo zenhliziyo
Ucwaningo oluningi lunikeze ubufakazi obuqand’ ikhanda bokuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwasefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu. Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi evela ezilwaneni ezikhuliswe ezitokisini ezinzima kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokuba nezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, unhlangothi, nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Lokhu kungabangelwa izici eziningana, okuhlanganisa amazinga aphezulu amafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol ekhona kule mikhiqizo. Ukwengeza, izinqubo zokulima zasefekthri zivame ukubandakanya ukuphathwa kwamahomoni akhuthaza ukukhula kanye nama-antibiotic ezilwaneni, okungase kube nemiphumela elimazayo empilweni yomuntu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ukuqonda nokubhekana nokuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwasefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo kubalulekile ekukhuthazeni impilo yomphakathi kanye nokusebenzisa ukukhetha okusimeme kokudla.
Ukubaluleka kokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni
Ukushintshela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nokuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwasefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu. Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, okugcizelela ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu, namantongomane, kuye kwahlotshaniswa nezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo. Lokhu kudla ngokuvamile kuphansi kumafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol, kunciphisa ingozi yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo. Ukwengeza, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kucebile ku-fiber, ama-antioxidants, nama-phytochemicals, okuye kwaboniswa ukusekela impilo yenhliziyo nokunciphisa ingozi yezimo zenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni akugcini nje ngokukhuthaza impilo yomuntu kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekwehliseni umthelela wemvelo wokulima kwefekthri, njengoba kudinga izinsiza ezimbalwa futhi kudala ukungcola okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezolimo zezilwane. Ngokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, abantu bangadlala indima ebonakalayo ekuthuthukiseni impilo yabo ngenkathi bedala ikusasa elizinzile labo bonke.
Sengiphetha, ubufakazi obuxhumanisa ukulima kwasefekthri kanye nezifo zenhliziyo kubantu abunakuphikwa. Njengoba siqhubeka sisebenzisa amanani aphezulu emikhiqizo yezilwane ekhiqizwa kulokhu kuhlinzwa kwezinga elikhulu, ingozi yethu yesifo senhliziyo, unhlangothi, nezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo iyakhula. Kubalulekile ukuba sizifundise futhi senze izinqumo ezinengqondo mayelana nokusebenzisa kwethu ukudla ukuze sithuthukise impilo yethu futhi sinciphise umthelela wokulima emafekthri enhlalakahleni yabantu neyezilwane. Ngokusebenzela izindlela zokulima ezisimeme kakhulu nezinokuziphatha okuhle, singathatha izinyathelo eziya ekusaseni elinempilo lethu kanye neplanethi yethu.
FAQ
Yibuphi ubufakazi bamanje besayensi obuxhumanisa imikhuba yokulima efekthri nengozi eyengeziwe yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu?
Kunobufakazi obukhulayo besayensi obuphakamisa ukuthi izindlela zokulima zasefekthri zingaba nomthelela ekwandeni kwengozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kubantu. Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwenyama egayiwe, evame ukuvela emapulazini emboni, kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics ekulimeni kwefekthri kungaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwamagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic, okungaholela ezifweni ezingase zandise ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe ngokugcwele ubungako balobu budlelwano nokunquma izindlela ezithile ezihilelekile.
Ukudliwa kwenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi evela ezilwaneni ezifuywa efektri kufaka isandla kanjani ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zenhliziyo?
Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi evela ezilwaneni ezifuywa efektri kungaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene. Le mikhiqizo ngokuvamile iqukethe amazinga aphezulu amafutha agcwele, i-cholesterol, nezithasiselo eziyingozi, ezingakhuphula umfutho wegazi, zandise amazinga e-cholesterol, futhi ziholele ekunqwabeleni koqweqwe lwemithambo yegazi emithanjeni. Ukwengeza, imikhuba yokulima efektri ingase ihilele ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone okukhula kanye nama-antibiotics, okungaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni yenhliziyo. Abantu abadla kakhulu le mikhiqizo ngaphandle kokulinganisa ukudla kwabo nezithelo, imifino, nokusanhlamvu basengozini enkulu yokuba nezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ingabe akhona amakhemikhali athile noma ukungcola okutholakala enyameni yasefekthri noma emikhiqizweni yobisi okwaziwayo ukuthi iyingozi empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi?
Yebo, inyama yasefekthri kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi ingaqukatha amakhemikhali athile kanye nokungcola okwaziwayo ukuthi kuyingozi empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Isibonelo, le mikhiqizo ingase ibe namazinga aphezulu amafutha agcwele, angaba nomthelela emazingeni aphezulu e-cholesterol kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo. Ukwengeza, inyama yasefekthri ingase ibe nensalela yemithi elwa namagciwane kanye namahomoni asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izilwane, okungaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcola okufana nezinsimbi ezisindayo, izibulala-zinambuzane, nabagqugquzeli bokukhula kungase kube khona kule mikhiqizo, okungase futhi kube yingozi empilweni yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ingabe kukhona ucwaningo noma ucwaningo oluphakamisa ukuxhumana okungaba khona phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane ezifuywe efekthri kanye nezifo ezithile zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, njengokuhlasela kwenhliziyo noma unhlangothi?
Yebo, kunobunye ubufakazi obuphakamisa ukuxhumana okungaba khona phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane ezifuywa efektri kanye nezifo ezithile zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ucwaningo oluningi luthole ukuhlobana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kakhulu kwenyama ebomvu negayiwe, evame ukuthengwa ezilwaneni ezifuywa efekthri, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, unhlangothi, nezinye izimo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Le mikhiqizo ngokuvamile iqukethe amazinga aphezulu amafutha agcwele, i-cholesterol, nezithasiselo eziyingozi, ezingaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezifo zenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kusungulwe ubudlelwano obuqondile bembangela kanye nokuhlola umthelela ongaba khona wezinye izici, ezifana nokudla okuphelele kanye nendlela yokuphila.
Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela zokulima noma ukukhetha ukudla okuye kwaboniswa ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ehambisana nokulima kwasefekthri?
Yebo, kunezinye izindlela zokulima nokukhetha ukudla okuye kwaboniswa ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ehambisana nokulima kwasefekthri. Isibonelo, ukulima okuphilayo kugwema ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zokwenziwa kanye nama-antibiotics, okungaba nomthelela engozini yesifo senhliziyo. Ukwengeza, ukukhetha ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni noma ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane kunganciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol futhi kunciphise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Ukuhlanganisa izindlela zokulima ezisimeme kanye nokwamukela ukukhetha kokudla okunempilo kungaba nomthelela ekwehleni kwengozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ehambisana nokulima kwasefekthri.
