Ukulima efektri, uhlelo oluthuthukile lokukhulisa imfuyo yokukhiqiza ukudla, kube yimikhosi yokushayela ngemuva kokudla komhlaba wonke. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kobuso bale mboni esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi enenzuzo kutholakala izindleko ezifihliwe nezibulalayo: Ukungcoliswa komoya. Ukukhishwa okuvela emapulazini asefekthri, kufaka phakathi i-ammonia, i-methane, udaba lokubandakanya, namanye amagesi amabi, kufaka ubungozi obukhulu bezempilo emiphakathini yasendaweni kanye nabantu abaningi. Le ndlela yokuwohloka kwemvelo ivame ukunganakwa, kepha imiphumela yezempilo ifinyelela kude, okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula, izinkinga zenhliziyo, nezinye izimo zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona.
Isilinganiso sokungcoliswa komoya ngolimi lwefektri
Amapulazi efektri abhekene nengxenye enkulu yokungcoliswa komoya. Lezi zikhungo zihlala izinkulungwane zezilwane ezikhaleni ezivalekile, lapho imfucuza inqamula ngamanani amakhulu. Njengoba izilwane zichitha imfucuza, amakhemikhali namagesi akhishwe emoyeni amunwa zombili izilwane kanye nemvelo. Ivolumu ebanzi yokungcola kwezilwane okukhiqizwe emapulazini efektri - ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ukulima okuthuthukile kuvame kakhulu - kudala umoya onobuthi ongaba ngaphezu kwale ndawo.
I-Amonia ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ukungcoliswa okutholakala ezindaweni zokulima efektri. Ikhishwe ekungcoleni kwezilwane kanye nokusetshenziswa komanyolo, i-ammonia ingacasula amehlo, umphimbo, namaphaphu kanye ne-asthma noma i-bronchitis noma i-bronchitis. Ukuqoqwa kwe-ammonia emoyeni kungadala nomonakalo wesikhathi eside ezifundweni zamaphaphu futhi unciphise umsebenzi wamaphaphu. I-ammonia imvamisa itholakala ekugxiliseni okuphezulu eduze kwamapulazi efektri, okwenza labo abaphila ngokuseduze babe sengozini enkulu.
Ngaphezu kwe-ammonia, amapulazi efektri akhipha inani elikhulu le-methane, igesi ebamba ukushisa enamandla. IMethane ikhiqizwa ngezinqubo zokugaya imfuyo futhi idedelwa emkhathini ngokusebenzisa ukuphathwa komquba kanye nokuvutshelwa kwe-Enteric kuma-rumbinants njengezinkomo nezimvu. IMethane ayinamthelela nje ekushiseni komhlaba kodwa futhi ibeka engcupheni eqondile yempilo yabantu ngokukhulisa izimo zokuphefumula, njenge-Asthma naseBronchitis.
Udaba oluhlanganisiwe, izinhlayiya ezincane zimiswe emoyeni, kungenye into edlula ukulima okuyingozi yefektri. Lezi zinhlayiya zenziwa ngenxa yokungcola kwezilwane, uthuli, kanye nokunye ukungcoliswa kwezimpondo ezivela emisebenzini yokulima efekthri. Lapho u-inhalid, udaba lokubandakanya lungangena ekujuleni emaphashini futhi lubangele izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zempilo, kubandakanya nezifo zenhliziyo, ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu, nesifutho somoya esandayo.
Izingozi Zezempilo zemiphakathi yasendaweni
Abantu abahlala eduzane nasemapulazini asefekthri, imvamisa ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma kwezolimo, babhekana nokuchayeka ngezimo zomoya ezilimazayo. Amapulazi amaningi efektri atholakala emiphakathini engenayo imali ephansi lapho izakhamizi zinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kanye nezinsizakusebenza. Izakhamizi zalezi zindawo zivame ukuphathwa ngaphansi kokukhishwa okunobuthi be-ammonia, methane, kanye nodaba lwendaba nsuku zonke. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuvezwa njalo kungaholela ezindabeni zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona njengezifo zokuphefumula, izinkinga zenhliziyo, kanye nomdlavuza.
Ngaphezu kwezinkinga zempilo ngokomzimba, ukungcoliswa komoya okuhlobene nokulima okuhlobene nefektri nakho kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yezengqondo. Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi ukuhlala eduze kwamapulazi efektri kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu okucindezela nokukhathazeka, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yephunga elingathandeki, umsindo, kanye nokwesaba imiphumela yezempilo yesikhathi eside. Iphunga le-ammonia nomsindo wezinkulungwane zezilwane kungasizakala ngomqondo ongathandeki kahle, okuthinta inhlala-kahle yenhlanganisela yabahlali abaseduze.
Inkinga Yezempilo Yomphakathi: Izifo Zokuphefumula Nezinhliziyo
Imiphumela elimazayo yokungcoliswa komoya okuvela emapulazini efektri kwezempilo yokuphefumula kubhalwe kahle. Ucwaningo seluthole ukuthi abantu abahlala eduze kwamapulazi asefekthri bathola amanani aphezulu esifo somoya-somoya, isifo esingamahlalakhona ama-pulmonaryform (i-Copd), nezinye izifo zokuphefumula. Indaba yokubandakanya, i-ammonia, nezinye izinto ezingcola ezindiza ingacasula imigwaqo yomoya, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula futhi kubangele ukuvuvukala kohlelo lokuphefumula. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kulokhu kungcoliswa kwandisa ingozi yokuthola izimo zokuphefumula okungamahlalakhona, kufaka phakathi i-emphysema ne-bronchitis.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcola okukhishwe amapulazi efekthri akuthinti amaphaphu kuphela. IMethane ne-ammonia kungaba nemithelela emibi yenhliziyo. Ucwaningo luxhume ukungcoliswa komoya oluvela ezolimo zezilwane ngengozi enkulu yesifo senhliziyo, unhlangothi kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Amagesi anobuthi nezinhlayiya ezisemoyeni faka ubunzima ohlelweni lwenhliziyo, kuphakamisa amathuba okuthuthukisa izifo zenhliziyo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Inani lezemvelo nelokusasa
Ukungcoliswa komoya kusuka ekulimashini efektri akukuthinte nje impilo yabantu; Inemiphumela ebalulekile yemvelo. IMethane i-greenhouse green enamandla enomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. I-Factory Farming ingenye yemithombo emikhulu yokuphuma kwe-methane, ukubalwa kwengxenye enkulu ye-Global Methane Footprint. Lokhu kunomthelela ekushiseni komhlaba wonke, izehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthelela wokulima efektri udlulela ngale kokukhathazeka kwezempilo ngokushesha. Ukungcola okwenziwe yilezi zindawo kunemiphumela evuselelwayo, kungcolisa imithombo yamanzi eseduze, ikhwalithi yenhlabathi esolisayo, nokulimaza izilwane zasendle. Ukucekelwa phansi kwezemvelo okuvela efektri kunemiphumela yesikhathi eside hhayi nje kuphela kubantu, kodwa futhi nangezinto eziphilayo ezincike emoyeni ohlanzekile namanzi.
Ukuthatha isenzo: ukubhekana nombulali othule
Ukubhekana nezingozi zezempilo nezemvelo zokungcoliswa komoya okubangelwa ukulima efektri kudinga isenzo esihlanganisiwe emazingeni amaningi. Ohulumeni kanye nemizimba yokulawula kufanele basebenzise imithetho eqinile nemithethonqubo yokulawula ukuphuma kwamapulazi efektri. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuphoqelelwa kwemikhawulo e-ammonia nasezinhlelweni ze-methane, ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokulawulwa kwemfucuza, futhi kuthuthukiswe ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza. Kwezinye izifunda, ohulumeni sebevele bethatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo wokulima efektri, kepha kudinga ukwenziwa ngokwengeziwe emhlabeni jikelele.
Abantu bangathatha nezinyathelo zokunciphisa umnikelo wabo efektri efektri nemiphumela yakona elimazayo. Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokunciphisa ukungcoliswa komoya kanye nokwenza ngcono impilo yomphakathi yonke ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama. Ukwamukela ukudla okususelwa kwizitshalo noma ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane kunganciphisa kakhulu isidingo sokulima efektri nemithelela yayo ehambisana nemvelo.
Ukusekela izindlela zokulima zasendaweni, ezizinzile kungenye indlela yokulwa nokulima efektri. Ukukhetha imikhiqizo evela kumapulazi amancane, amemeze kakhulu abeka kuqala inhlalakahle yezilwane kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kungasiza ukunciphisa imiphumela elimazayo yezolimo zezimboni. Ngokuxhasa abalimi ababeka phambili imikhuba enobungani be-Eco-friendly kanye nokwelashwa kwezilwane okunobuntu, abathengi bangenza umthelela omuhle empilweni yemiphakathi yabo kanye neplanethi.
Igalelo lezokulima efektri ekungcoleni komoya nezingozi zalo zempilo akufanele zibukelwe phansi. Ukungcola okukhishwe yilezi zindawo, kufaka phakathi i-ammonia, i-methane, kanye nodaba lokubandakanya, kube nemiphumela ebalulekile yempilo yasekhaya neyomhlaba jikelele. Imiphakathi ehlala eduze kwamapulazi asefekthri isengozini enkulu yezifo zokuphefumula kanye nezifo zenhliziyo, kuyilapho imiphumela ebanzi yezemvelo isongela imvelo futhi inikele ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Ukubhekana nalolu mbumbulu othule, kufanele sisebenzise imithethonqubo enamandla, sekela imikhuba yokulima eqhubekayo, futhi sinciphise ukuthembela kwethu emikhiqizweni elimale efektri. Kuphela ngesenzo esihlangene esingavikela impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo emiphumeleni elimazayo yokulima efektri.
