Ama-hormone anendima ebalulekile ekugcineni ibhalansi entekenteke yemisebenzi yemizimba yethu, ehlanganisa ukukhula, ukugayeka kokudla emzimbeni, nokuzala. Nokho, eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nokukhathazeka okwandayo ngomthelela wama-hormone atholakala obisini ekungalinganisweni kwama-hormone kubantu. Ubisi luyisisekelo sokudla kwabantu abaningi futhi luthathwa njengomthombo ocebile wezakhi ezibalulekile. Kodwa-ke, kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi iqukethe amahomoni avela ngokwemvelo, kanye nama-hormone okwenziwa asetshenziswa emisebenzini yokulima ubisi. Lawa ma-hormone axhunyaniswe nokungalingani kwama-hormone kwabesilisa nabesifazane, okuholela ekukhathazeni okuhlukahlukene kwezempilo. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula umthelela ongaba khona wamahomoni atholakala obisini ngokungalingani kwama-hormone kubantu. Sizohlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zamahomoni atholakala obisini, imithombo yawo, kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona empilweni yethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizohlola ucwaningo lwamanje ngalesi sihloko futhi sixoxe ngezindlela zokunciphisa ukuchayeka kulawa mahomoni. Ngokukhanyisela lolu daba olubalulekile, sihlose ukuqwashisa nokukhuthaza ukuthathwa kwezinqumo unolwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kobisi kanye nomthelela walo ongaba khona empilweni yethu yamahomoni.
Amahomoni atholakala obisini lwenkomo
Ucwaningo lwesayensi lubonise ukuthi ubisi lwenkomo luqukethe amahomoni ahlukahlukene akhiqizwa izinkomo ngokwemvelo. Lawa mahomoni ahlanganisa i-estradiol, i-progesterone, ne-insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). I-estradiol ne-progesterone amahomoni okuzala abalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezinkomo. Kodwa-ke, lapho esetshenziswa abantu, lawa ma-hormone angase aphazamise ukulinganisela kwama-hormone emizimbeni yethu. Ukwengeza, i-IGF-1, i-hormone yokukhula ekhona obisini lwenkomo, iye yaxhunyaniswa nokwanda kwamangqamuzana futhi ingase ibe nomthelela ekwakhiweni komdlavuza othile. Nakuba umthelela wangempela wala ma-hormone empilweni yomuntu usaphenywa, kubalulekile ukucabangela imiphumela engase ibe khona futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kobisi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanokungalingani kwama-hormone noma izinkinga ezithile zempilo.
Umthelela wokungalingani kwe-hormonal okufundwayo
Kuye kwenziwa ucwaningo oluningi ukuze kuphenywe imiphumela engaba khona yamahomoni obisini ngokungalingani kwamahomoni kubantu. Lezi zifundo zigxile ekuhloleni amazinga amahomoni akhona obisini, kanye nokuhlola umthelela wawo ohlelweni lwe-endocrine. Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kobisi oluqukethe amahomoni kungase kuphazamise ukulawulwa kwama-hormone emzimbeni, okuholela ekungalinganisweni okungabonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, ukungalingani kwama-hormone kungase kubangele ukungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini, ukungazali, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo, nokuphazamiseka kwezinqubo ze-metabolic. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe ngokugcwele izinga lale miphumela kanye nokuthola ubudlelwano obucacile bembangela-nomphumela. Ngakho-ke, uphenyo lwesayensi oluqhubekayo lubalulekile ukuze unikeze ukuqonda okuphelele ngomthelela wama-hormone obisini ekungalinganisweni kwama-hormone kubantu.
Ukubaluleka kwamazinga e-hormone kuyahlolwa
Ukuhlolwa kwamazinga e-hormone esimweni somthelela wama-hormone obisini ekungalinganini kwama-hormone kubantu kunokubaluleka okubalulekile kwesayensi nokwelashwa. Ngokuhlaziya ukugxila nokwakheka kwamahomoni obisini, abacwaningi bangathola ukuqonda okubalulekile ezindleleni ezingase zibe khona lapho la mahomoni angaba nomthelela wokulinganisela kwamahomoni emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu kuhlola kuvumela ukuqonda kangcono izingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kobisi oluqukethe amahomoni futhi kunikeza isisekelo sokwenza imihlahlandlela esekelwe ebufakazini nezincomo zabantu abangase babe sengozini ikakhulukazi yokungalingani kwamahomoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufunda amazinga e-hormone obisini kungasiza ekuboneni imithombo engaba khona yokuchayeka kumahomoni angaphandle futhi kube nomthelela emizamweni eqhubekayo yokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yobisi. Sekukonke, ukuhlolwa kwamazinga amahomoni maqondana nokungalingani kwamahomoni kuyisici esibalulekile sophenyo lwesayensi olungazisa kokubili ucwaningo nezinqubomgomo zezempilo ezihloselwe ukukhuthaza impilo nokuphila kahle kwamahomoni kubantu.
Ukuhlobana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kobisi namahomoni
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lugxile ekuhloleni ukuhlobana okungaba khona phakathi kokusetshenziswa kobisi kanye noshintsho kumazinga amahomoni kubantu. Lolu phenyo luhlose ukunquma ukuthi amahomoni akhona ngokwemvelo obisini angaba nomthelela yini ekulinganiseni kwamahomoni emzimbeni womuntu. Ngokuhlaziya ngokucophelela kanye nezindlela eziqinile zesayensi, abacwaningi baye baqaphela ukuthi amahomoni athile, njenge-estrogen ne-progesterone, angatholwa ngokugxila okuhlukahlukene kumasampula obisi. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kobisi kungase kungenise ama-hormone angaphandle ohlelweni lomuntu, okungaba nomthelela emazingeni e-hormone e-endogenous futhi kubangele ukungalingani kwamahomoni. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kusungulwe ubudlelwano obuqondile bembangela phakathi kokusetshenziswa kobisi kanye noshintsho lwamahomoni, njengoba izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuhluka ngakunye kwemetabolism kanye namaphethini okudla okudla, kungaba nomthelela emazingeni amahomoni.
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-hormone nezifo
Kusungulwe kahle emphakathini wesayensi ukuthi amahomoni adlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba emzimbeni womuntu. Ukungalingani emazingeni ama-hormone kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokuthuthukiswa nokuqhubeka kwezifo eziningi. Isibonelo, ukuphazamiseka ekukhiqizeni noma ekusebenzeni kwe-insulin, i-hormone ehilelekile ku-glucose metabolism, kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela. Ngokufanayo, ukuguquguquka kwamazinga e-estrogen ne-progesterone kuye kwaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimo ezinjengomdlavuza webele nowe-ovary. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hormone egilo abalulekile ukuze kugcinwe umzimba ngendlela efanele, futhi ukungahambi kahle emazingeni awo kungase kubangele ukuphazamiseka kwegilo, okuhlanganisa i-hypothyroidism ne-hyperthyroidism. Ukuqonda ukuxhumana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwamahomoni nezifo kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi lwethu ngalezi zimo nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo zokubuyisela ibhalansi yamahomoni kanye nokunciphisa izimpawu ezihambisanayo.
Ithonya lamaHormonal ekuthuthukisweni komuntu
Ngesikhathi sokukhula komuntu, amahomoni adlala indima ebalulekile ekushayeleni nasekulawuleni izinqubo ezahlukahlukene ezilolonga ukukhula nokuvuthwa kwemizimba yethu. Isibonelo, i-hormone yokukhula ivuselela ukuhlukana kwamaseli nokukhula kwezicubu nezitho, okunomthelela ekwandeni okuphelele kosayizi ngesikhathi sobuntwana kanye nentsha. Ukwengeza, amahomoni ocansi afana ne-testosterone ne-estrogen ahlela ukuthuthukiswa kwezici zobulili zesibili, okuhlanganisa ukukhula kwezitho zokuzala kanye nokuqala kokuthomba. Lawa mahomoni aphinde abe nomthelela ekuqineni kwamathambo, ubunzima bemisipha, nokwakheka komzimba, alolonge izici zomzimba womuntu ngamunye njengoba eshintshela ekubeni abantu abadala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahomoni afana ne-cortisol ne-adrenaline, akhiqizwa ukuphendula ukucindezeleka, umthelela ekuthuthukisweni kobuchopho kanye nokuxhumana kwe-neuronal. Ukusebenzisana okubucayi kwalawa mahomoni ngezigaba ezahlukene zokukhula komuntu kugqamisa ithonya lawo elibalulekile ekulolongeni izici zethu zomzimba nezengqondo. Ngokuqonda izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zama-hormone ezihilelekile, singathola ukuqonda ngobunkimbinkimbi bokuthuthuka komuntu futhi okungenzeka sibhekane nezinkinga ezihlobene nokungalingani kwama-hormone okungenzeka kukho konke ukuphila.
Izingozi ezingaba khona zokuchayeka kwehomoni
Nakuba ama-hormone edlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, kubalulekile ukucabangela izingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokuchayeka kwe-hormone. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ukuchayeka kuma-hormone angaphandle, njengalawo atholakala ekudleni okuthile nasezicini zendawo ezungezile, kungase kuphazamise ukulinganisela okuntekenteke kohlelo lwethu lwe-endocrine. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kobisi oluvela ezinkomeni ezilashwe ngamahomoni okwenziwa kuye kwaphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngomthelela ongaba khona ebhalansini yamahomoni kubantu. Nakuba ubufakazi besayensi busathuthuka, olunye ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuxhumana okungenzeka phakathi kokuchayeka kwe-hormone ngemikhiqizo yobisi kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yezimo ezithile zempilo, okuhlanganisa umdlavuza ohlobene nama-hormone kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuzala. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe ngokugcwele izinga kanye nezindlela ezithile zalezi zingozi ezingaba khona. Njengoba siqhubeka nokuphenya umthelela wama-hormone obisini ekungalinganini kwama-hormone kubantu, kubalulekile ukucabangela indlela yokuqapha futhi sibeke phambili izifundo zesayensi eziqinile ukuze sazise izincomo zezempilo zomphakathi.
Ukubaluleka kokuqwashisa ngomthombo wobisi
kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqwashisa ngomthombo wobisi lwethu. Ngokuqonda ukuthi imikhiqizo yethu yobisi ivelaphi nokuthi ikhiqizwa kanjani, abathengi bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi banciphise ukuchayeka kwabo kumahomoni. Ukukhetha ubisi oluphilayo noma olungenayo i-hormone kungaba yindlela eyodwa yokunciphisa le ngozi, njengoba le mikhiqizo ivame ukukhiqizwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amahomoni okwenziwa. Ukwengeza, ukusekela amapulazi obisi asendaweni naqhubekayo abeka phambili inhlalakahle yezilwane futhi alandele imithetho eqinile kunganikeza isiqinisekiso mayelana nekhwalithi nokuphepha kobisi abalukhiqizayo. Ngokufuna ubisi ngenkuthalo emithonjeni ethembekile, abantu bangathatha indlela esheshayo yokuvikela impilo yabo yamahomoni kanye nempilo yonke.
Sengiphetha, nakuba kusenocwaningo oluqhubekayo ngomthelela wama-hormone obisini ekungalinganisweni kwama-hormone kubantu, ubufakazi bamanje bubonisa ukuthi inani lamahomoni akhona obisini alibalulekile ngokwanele ukuba libangele izinguquko ezinkulu zamahomoni kubantu. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokufunda lesi sihloko nokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwethu kobisi, kodwa akudingekile ukususa ubisi ekudleni kwethu ukuze silondoloze ibhalansi ye-hormonal. Njengenjwayelo, kubalulekile ukuthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze uthole izeluleko eziqondene nawe kanye nokubeka phambili ukudla okunomsoco okunempilo nokuphila kahle.
FAQ
Amahomoni akhona obisini athinta kanjani ibhalansi yamahomoni kubantu?
Amahomoni akhona obisini, njenge-estrogen neprogesterone, angase aphazamise ukulingana kwamahomoni kubantu. Nakuba amazinga ala ma-hormone obisini ephansi ngokuqhathaniswa, ukusetshenziswa kwawo isikhathi eside kungase kube nomthelela ekungalinganini, ikakhulukazi kubantu asebevele benokuphazamiseka kwama-hormone noma abazwela ukushintsha kwama-hormone. Ukudla ngokweqile kwe-estrogen kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nezindaba ezihlukahlukene zezempilo, kuhlanganise nokwanda kwengozi yomdlavuza othile. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele umthelela wobisi oluqukethe ama-hormone ekulinganiseni kwamahomoni kubantu. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukudla ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi ngokusesilinganisweni njengengxenye yokudla okunomsoco.
Ingabe kukhona ucwaningo oluphakamisa ukuxhumana phakathi kokudla ubisi nokungalingani kwamahomoni kubantu?
Yebo, olunye ucwaningo lusikisela ukuxhumana okungaba khona phakathi kokudla ubisi nokungalingani kwama-hormone kubantu. Ubisi luqukethe amahomoni ngokwemvelo akhiqizwa izinkomo, njenge-estrogen ne-progesterone, engadluliselwa kubantu uma idliwe. Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lawa ma-hormone angase aphazamise ukulingana kwama-hormone kubantu futhi abe nomthelela ezimeni ezifana nezinduna, ukungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini, nomdlavuza oncike kumahomoni. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olubanzi noluphelele luyadingeka ukuze kuqondwe ngokugcwele izinga lalesi sixhumanisi esingaba khona kanye nemiphumela yako empilweni yomuntu.
Imaphi amahomoni athile atholakala obisini futhi asebenzisana kanjani nohlelo lwe-endocrine lomuntu?
Ubisi luqukethe amahomoni ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-estrogen, i-progesterone, ne-insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Lawa ma-hormone angaba nomthelela ohlelweni lwe-endocrine lomuntu lapho esetshenziswa. I-Estrogen ne-progesterone, ezitholakala ngokwemvelo obisini, zingase zibe nemiphumela emincane emazingeni ama-hormone kubantu, kodwa amanani abhekwa njengento engenamsebenzi. I-IGF-1, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hormone ekhuthaza ukukhula engase ibe nomthelela ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni komuntu. Nokho, amazinga IGF-1 obisini kuqhathaniswa aphansi, futhi ukukhiqizwa umzimba siqu IGF-1 iphakeme kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umthelela jikelele wala ma-hormone avela obisini ohlelweni lwe-endocrine lomuntu kuseyisihloko socwaningo oluqhubekayo nenkulumo-mpikiswano.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela yesikhathi eside engaba khona yokudla ubisi olunamahomoni empilweni yamahomoni?
Kunenkulumompikiswano eqhubekayo mayelana nemiphumela yesikhathi eside engaba khona yokudla ubisi olunamahomoni empilweni yamahomoni. Olunye ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi amahomoni obisi angase abe nomthelela omncane empilweni yomuntu, kanti ezinye ziphakamisa ukuhlotshaniswa okungenzeka nezimo ezifana nokuthomba ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Nokho, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele imiphumela. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amahomoni obisi akhona ngamanani amancane kakhulu futhi angashintshwa ngumzimba. Ukwengeza, kunezinketho zobisi ezingenawo ama-hormone ezitholakalayo kulabo abathintekayo ngezingozi ezingase zibe khona.
Ingabe zikhona iziqondiso ezinconyiwe noma izinyathelo zokuphepha zabantu abanokungalingani kwamahomoni mayelana nokusebenzisa kwabo ubisi noma imikhiqizo yobisi?
Abantu abanokungalingani kwamahomoni kufanele bathintane nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze banqume ukuthi zikhona yini iziqondiso ezithile noma izinyathelo zokuphepha mayelana nokusebenzisa kwabo ubisi noma imikhiqizo yobisi. Ukungalingani kwamahomoni kungahluka kakhulu ngezimbangela nemiphumela yako, futhi umthelela wobisi nobisi emazingeni amahomoni ungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Olunye ucwaningo lusikisela ukuthi amahomoni athile atholakala obisini angase athinte ibhalansi yamahomoni, kuyilapho ezinye izifundo azizange zithole isixhumanisi esibalulekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu ngabanye baxoxe ngezinto ezibakhathazayo zempilo kanye nezidingo zabo zokudla nochwepheshe ukuze benze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokusebenzisa kwabo ubisi noma imikhiqizo yobisi.
