Abantu

Iki cyiciro gikora iperereza ku gipimo cy’umuntu cyo gukoresha inyamaswa - uburyo twe nkabantu ku giti cyabo hamwe na societe dutsindishiriza, dukomeza, cyangwa turwanya gahunda yubugome. Kuva ku muco gakondo no gushingira ku bukungu kugeza ku buzima rusange n’imyizerere yo mu mwuka, umubano wacu n’inyamaswa ugaragaza indangagaciro dufite n'inzego z'imbaraga dutuyemo. Igice cya "Abantu" kirasesengura ayo masano, kigaragaza uburyo ubuzima bwacu bwite bufitanye isano nubuzima twiganje.
Turasuzuma uburyo indyo iremereye inyama, ubuhinzi bwinganda, hamwe nuruhererekane rwogutanga isoko byangiza imirire yabantu, ubuzima bwo mumutwe, nubukungu bwaho. Ihungabana ry’ubuzima rusange, kwihaza mu biribwa, no gusenyuka kw’ibidukikije ntabwo ari ibintu byihariye - ni ibimenyetso bya sisitemu idashoboka ishyira imbere inyungu kuruta abantu n’isi. Muri icyo gihe, iki cyiciro cyerekana ibyiringiro no guhinduka: imiryango y’ibikomoka ku bimera, abakinnyi, abaturage, hamwe n’abarwanashyaka bongeye gutekereza ku mibanire y’abantu n’inyamaswa no kubaka uburyo bwo kubaho, bwuje impuhwe.
Muguhangana ningaruka zumuco, umuco, nibikorwa bifatika byo gukoresha inyamaswa, natwe ubwacu duhura nabyo. Ni ubuhe bwoko dushaka kuba muri bo? Nigute guhitamo kwacu kwerekana cyangwa guhemukira indangagaciro zacu? Inzira igana ku butabera - ku nyamaswa no ku bantu - ni imwe. Binyuze mu kubimenya, kubabarana, no gukora, turashobora gutangira gusana gutandukana bitera imibabaro myinshi, kandi tugana ahazaza heza kandi harambye.

Muri iki gihe cyihuta cyane muri iki gihe, abantu benshi barwana ningufu nke hamwe numunaniro uhoraho. Kuva kumasaha maremare yakazi kugeza kuri gahunda zakazi, birashobora kugorana kubona umwanya n'imbaraga zo gushyira imbere ubuzima bwacu. Mugihe nta buryo bwihuse bwo gukemura umunaniro, gufata ibiryo bikomoka ku bimera byagaragaye ko bizamura urwego rwingufu no kurwanya umunaniro. Indyo y'ibikomoka ku bimera yibanda ku biribwa bishingiye ku bimera, ikuraho ibikomoka ku nyamaswa zose nk'inyama, amata, n'amagi. Ihitamo ryimirire ryitabiriwe cyane mumyaka yashize, kandi kubwimpamvu. Ntabwo iteza imbere imibereho myiza kandi irambye gusa, ahubwo ifite ninyungu nyinshi zubuzima, harimo kongera ingufu no kuzamura imibereho myiza muri rusange. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma uburyo indyo y’ibikomoka ku bimera ishobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku rwego rw’ingufu no kurwanya umunaniro. Mugusobanukirwa siyanse iri inyuma yo guhitamo imirire n'ingaruka zayo kumubiri, dushobora gufata…

Kwemera ibiryo bikomoka ku bimera nkumukinnyi ntabwo ari inzira gusa - ni amahitamo yimibereho itanga inyungu nyinshi kumubiri wawe no mumikorere yawe. Waba uri kwitoza kumarushanwa yo kwihangana, kubaka imbaraga muri siporo, cyangwa gushaka gusa kuzamura ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, indyo yuzuye ibikomoka ku bimera irashobora gutanga ibyo ukeneye byose kugirango wongere imyitozo yawe, utezimbere imitsi, kandi uzamure imikorere ya siporo. Abakinnyi benshi bashobora kubanza guhangayikishwa nuko indyo ishingiye ku bimera ishobora kubura intungamubiri zikenewe kugirango bashyigikire imyitozo yabo itoroshye, ariko ukuri ni uko ibiryo bikomoka ku bimera byuzuyemo ibintu byose byingenzi umubiri wawe ukeneye gutera imbere. Hamwe nuburyo bwiza, indyo y’ibikomoka ku bimera irashobora gutanga uburinganire bukwiye bwa karubone, proteyine, amavuta meza, vitamine, n’amabuye y'agaciro - udashingiye ku bicuruzwa bikomoka ku nyamaswa. Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi zo kurya indyo y’ibikomoka ku bimera ni uko isanzwe ikungahaye kuri antioxydants, vitamine, n’imyunyu ngugu. Ibi…

Ibikomoka ku bimera byamamaye cyane mu myaka yashize, kandi hamwe na byo, ibikenerwa ku bimera bikomoka ku bimera nabyo byiyongereye. Nyamara, abantu benshi baracyabona kugura ibiribwa bikomoka ku bimera bihenze. Muri iki gitabo, tuzasesengura uburyo bwo guhaha ibiribwa bikomoka ku bimera tutarangije banki. Tegura amafunguro yawe Gutegura amafunguro yawe mbere yigihe nimwe muburyo bwiza bwo kuzigama amafaranga mugihe ugura ibintu. Mugihe ufite gahunda yo kurya buri cyumweru, urashobora kwirinda kugura impulse no kugura bitari ngombwa. Wibande kumafunguro akoresha ibintu bisa, bizafasha kugabanya imyanda y'ibiribwa no kuzigama amafaranga. Gura muri byinshi Kugura ibikomoka ku bimera nk'ibinyampeke, ibinyamisogwe, imbuto, n'imbuto ku bwinshi birashobora kuzigama amafaranga atari make. Amaduka atanga ibice byinshi agufasha kugura gusa amafaranga ukeneye, kugabanya imyanda nigiciro cyo gupakira. Ibiryo nkumuceri, ibinyomoro, ibishyimbo, na makaroni ntabwo…

Gutangira ubuzima bwibikomoka ku bimera birashobora kuba urugendo rushimishije kandi ruhesha ingororano, atari kubuzima bwawe gusa ahubwo no kubidukikije ndetse n’imibereho y’inyamaswa. Waba urimo uhindukira mubiryo bishingiye ku bimera cyangwa ushakisha gusa ibikomoka ku bimera, kugira urutonde rwubucuruzi rwuzuye neza birashobora gukora itandukaniro ryose muguhindura inzibacyuho neza kandi ishimishije. Aka gatabo kazakunyura mubice byingenzi bigize urutonde rwubucuruzi bwibikomoka ku bimera, byibanda kubyo ukeneye kumenya, ibyo ugomba kwirinda, nuburyo bwo gukora ingendo zawe z ibiribwa byoroshye bishoboka. Niki Ibikomoka ku bimera bitarya? Mbere yo kwibira mubyo ugomba kugura, nibyiza kumva icyo ibikomoka ku bimera birinda. Ibikomoka ku bimera bikuraho ibicuruzwa byose bikomoka ku nyamaswa mu mirire yabo, harimo: Byongeye kandi, ibikomoka ku bimera birinda ibikomoka ku nyamaswa mu mavuta yo kwisiga, imyambaro, n'ibikoresho byo mu rugo, byibanda ku bundi buryo butarangwamo ubugome. Nigute Wubaka Urutonde rwibicuruzwa bikomoka ku bimera Kubaka urutonde rwibicuruzwa bikomoka ku bimera bitangirana no gusobanukirwa shingiro rya…

Ibikomoka ku bimera ntibirenze guhitamo imirire - byerekana ubwitange bukomeye bwimyitwarire n’imyitwarire yo kugabanya ibibi no gutsimbataza impuhwe ibiremwa byose bifite imyumvire, cyane cyane inyamaswa. Muri rusange, ibikomoka ku bimera birwanya abantu kuva kera bakunze gukoresha inyamaswa ibiryo, imyambaro, imyidagaduro, nizindi ntego. Ahubwo, iharanira imibereho yemera agaciro kinyamanswa kavukire, atari nkibicuruzwa, ahubwo nkibinyabuzima bifite ubushobozi bwo kubabara, umunezero, n amarangamutima menshi. Mugukurikiza ibikomoka ku bimera, abantu ntibafata ibyemezo byimyitwarire gusa ahubwo banakorana umwete kugirango bahuze impuhwe ninyamaswa, bahindure uburyo societe ikorana nubwami bwinyamaswa. Kubona Inyamaswa nkabantu ku giti cyabo Imwe mu ngaruka zikomeye ziterwa n’ibikomoka ku bimera ni ihinduka ritera mu buryo abantu babona inyamaswa. Mu bihugu aho usanga inyamaswa zigurishwa cyane kubera inyama zazo, uruhu, ubwoya, cyangwa ibindi bicuruzwa, inyamaswa zigaragara binyuze muri utilitarian…

Ubugome bwinyamaswa nikibazo gikwirakwira kigira ingaruka zikomeye ku nyamaswa zirimo ndetse na societe muri rusange. Kwangiza nkana kwangiza umubiri cyangwa amarangamutima ku nyamaswa hagamijwe abantu, haba mu myidagaduro, ibiryo, cyangwa izindi mpamvu, ni ubwoko bwihohoterwa rifite ingaruka zikomeye. Ingaruka mbi zubugome bwinyamaswa zirenze abahohotewe, kuko nazo zigira ingaruka zikomeye mumitekerereze. Ibyangijwe n’inyamaswa ntabwo bibangamira uburenganzira bwabo bwibanze gusa ahubwo binagira ingaruka kumibereho yabantu nabaturage. Nkibyo, gusobanukirwa ningaruka zo mumitekerereze yubugome bwinyamaswa ningirakamaro mugukemura iki kibazo cyingutu. Muri iki kiganiro, twibanze ku buryo butandukanye uburyo ubugome bw’inyamaswa bugira ingaruka kuri sosiyete no ku bantu ku giti cyabo, tugaragaza ingaruka zabyo ku buzima bwo mu mutwe, impuhwe, ndetse n’imibereho. Mugutanga urumuri kuri iki kintu cyirengagizwa cyubugome bwinyamaswa, turizera…

Guhinga uruganda bimaze kuba akamenyero gakomeye, guhindura uburyo abantu bakorana ninyamaswa no guhindura umubano wacu nabo muburyo bwimbitse. Ubu buryo bwo gutanga inyama nyinshi, amata, n'amagi bishyira imbere gukora neza ninyungu kuruta imibereho myiza yinyamaswa. Mugihe imirima yinganda ikura nini kandi igatera imbere mu nganda, bituma habaho itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yabantu ninyamaswa turya. Mugabanye inyamaswa kubicuruzwa gusa, ubuhinzi bwuruganda bugoreka imyumvire yacu yinyamanswa nkibinyabuzima bifite imyumvire ikwiye kubahwa nimpuhwe. Iyi ngingo irasobanura uburyo ubuhinzi bwuruganda bugira ingaruka mbi ku isano dufitanye n’inyamaswa ndetse n’ingaruka zagutse z’imyitwarire. Kwamburwa inyamaswa Intandaro yo guhinga uruganda ni ugutesha agaciro inyamaswa. Muri ibyo bikorwa byinganda, inyamaswa zifatwa nkibicuruzwa gusa, zititaye kubyo bakeneye cyangwa uburambe bwabo. Bakunze kugarukira ahantu hato, huzuye abantu, aho bangiwe umudendezo…

Imikorere igezweho yo guhinga uruganda, izwi kandi cyane cyane mu bworozi bw’amatungo, yashyizeho umubano urambye hagati y’abantu n’inyamaswa zifite ingaruka zikomeye, atari ku mibereho y’inyamaswa gusa ahubwo no ku buzima rusange bw’abaturage, ibidukikije, n’ubutabera. Imwe mu ngaruka zikomeye z’ubuzima zikomoka ku buhinzi bw’uruganda ni ukugaragara no gukwirakwiza indwara zonotike, bakunze kwita zoonose. Izi ndwara zandura hagati y’inyamaswa n’abantu, zagiye ziyongera ku isi yose bitewe n’ubucucike bw’abantu benshi, butagira isuku, ndetse n’imihangayiko iboneka mu mirima y’uruganda. Zoonose ni iki? Zoonose ni indwara zishobora kwanduza inyamaswa abantu. Zishobora guterwa na bagiteri, virusi, parasite, na fungi, kandi ziva ku ndwara zoroheje kugeza ku bihe bikomeye, byangiza ubuzima. Zimwe mu ndwara zizwi cyane zoonotic zirimo ibicurane by'ibiguruka (ibicurane by'inyoni), ibicurane by'ingurube, igituntu, ibisazi, na SARS (Syndrome de Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). Icyorezo cya COVID-19,…

Ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana ningaruka zaryo ndende ryarigishijwe cyane kandi ryanditse. Ariko, ikintu kimwe gikunze kutamenyekana ni isano iri hagati yo guhohotera abana nibikorwa byubugome bwinyamaswa. Iyi sano yagaragaye kandi yizwe ninzobere mubyerekeranye na psychologiya, sociologie, n'imibereho myiza yinyamaswa. Mu myaka yashize, ibibazo by'ubugome bw'inyamaswa byagiye byiyongera kandi bimaze kuba impungenge kuri sosiyete yacu. Ingaruka zibyo bikorwa ntabwo zigira ingaruka ku nyamaswa zinzirakarengane gusa ahubwo zigira n'ingaruka zikomeye kubantu bakora ibikorwa nkibi. Binyuze mu bushakashatsi butandukanye bwakozwe nubuzima busanzwe, byagaragaye ko hari isano rikomeye hagati yihohoterwa rikorerwa abana nibikorwa byubugome bwinyamaswa. Iyi ngingo igamije gucengera cyane muriyi ngingo no gucukumbura impamvu zitera iri sano. Gusobanukirwa iyi sano ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde ibikorwa bizaza…