Ubuhinzi bwuruganda bugaragaza ibintu byihishe mubuhinzi bwinyamanswa zigezweho - sisitemu yubatswe kubwinyungu nini ititaye ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, ubuzima bw’ibidukikije, ndetse n’inshingano z’imyitwarire. Muri iki gice, turasuzuma uburyo inyamaswa nkinka, ingurube, inkoko, amafi, nizindi nyinshi zororerwa mubihe bifunze cyane, byinganda zagenewe gukora neza, ntabwo ari impuhwe. Kuva akivuka kugeza yiciwe, ibyo biremwa bifite imyumvire bifatwa nkibice byumusaruro aho kuba abantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kubabara, gushinga ubumwe, cyangwa kwishora mubikorwa bisanzwe.
Buri cyiciro kigaragaza uburyo bwihariye ubuhinzi bwuruganda bugira ingaruka kumoko atandukanye. Twagaragaje ubugome bwihishe inyuma y’amata n’inka, ububabare bwo mu mutwe bwihanganiye ingurube, ubuzima bubi bw’ubworozi bw’inkoko, imibabaro yirengagijwe y’inyamaswa zo mu mazi, hamwe no kugurisha ihene, inkwavu, n’andi matungo yororerwa. Haba binyuze muburyo bwa genetike, ubwinshi bwabantu, gutemagurwa nta anesteziya, cyangwa umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwihuse butera ubumuga bubabaza, ubuhinzi bwuruganda bushyira imbere umusaruro kuruta imibereho myiza.
Mugushyira ahagaragara ibyo bikorwa, iki gice kirwanya imyumvire isanzwe yubuhinzi bwinganda nkibikenewe cyangwa karemano. Irahamagarira abasomyi guhangana n’igiciro cy’inyama zihenze, amagi, n’amata - atari mu bijyanye gusa n’imibabaro y’inyamaswa, ahubwo ni ibijyanye no kwangiza ibidukikije, ingaruka z’ubuzima rusange, no kudahuza umuco. Guhinga uruganda ntabwo ari uburyo bwo guhinga gusa; ni gahunda yisi yose isaba kugenzurwa byihutirwa, kuvugurura, kandi amaherezo, guhinduka muburyo bwiza bwibiryo kandi birambye.
Inganda zo gusiganwa ku mafarasi nububabare bwinyamaswa kubwimyidagaduro yabantu. Irushanwa ry'amafarashi rikunda gukundwa nka siporo ishimishije no kwerekana ubufatanye bw'abantu n'inyamaswa. Nyamara, munsi yicyubahiro cyacyo hari ukuri kwubugome no gukoreshwa. Ifarashi, ibiremwa bifite ubushobozi bushobora kugira ububabare n'amarangamutima, bikorerwa imyitozo ishyira imbere inyungu kuruta imibereho yabo. Dore zimwe mu mpamvu zingenzi zituma gusiganwa ku mafarasi ari ubugome busanzwe: Ingaruka zica mu gusiganwa ku mafarashi zerekana amafarashi ibyago byinshi byo gukomeretsa, akenshi biganisha ku ngaruka zikomeye kandi rimwe na rimwe zikaba ari ibyago, harimo ihahamuka nko kuvunika amajosi, amaguru yavunitse, cyangwa izindi nkomere zangiza ubuzima. Iyo izo nkomere zibaye, euthanasiya yihutirwa akenshi niyo nzira yonyine, kuko imiterere ya anatomy ituma gukira ibikomere nkibi bitoroshye, niba bidashoboka. Ibibazo bitondekanye cyane ku mafarashi mu nganda zo gusiganwa, aho imibereho yabo ikunze gufata umwanya wo kunguka kandi…










