Inyuma yuburyo busa nkaho ari inzirakarengane zo gutanga amata hari imyitozo ikunze kutamenyekana - gutandukanya inyana na ba nyina. Iyi nyandiko yibanze ku marangamutima n’imyitwarire yo gutandukanya inyana mu bworozi bw’amata, ikora ubushakashatsi ku mibabaro ikabije itera inyamaswa ndetse n’abayibonye.
Isano iri hagati y'inka n'inyana
Inka, kimwe n’inyamabere nyinshi, zigira ubumwe bukomeye hamwe nuruvyaro rwabo. Ubushake bwa kibyeyi bugera kure, kandi isano iri hagati yinka ninyana yayo irangwa no kurera, kurinda, no kwishingikiriza. Inyana ntizishingikiriza kuri ba nyina gusa kugirango zibone ibibatunga gusa ahubwo zishimangira amarangamutima no gusabana. Inka nazo zigaragaza ubwitonzi n'urukundo kubana bato, bagaragaza imyitwarire yerekana isano ikomeye y'ababyeyi.
Inyana udashaka ni 'imyanda'.
Iherezo ryizi nyana zitifuzwa ni mbi. Benshi boherejwe mubagiro cyangwa salleard, aho bahura nigihe kitaragera muminsi mike gusa. Ku nyana z'igitsina gabo, ibyiringiro birababaje cyane, kuko bifatwa nkubukungu buke kubera kutabasha gutanga amata. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, inyana z'abagore zibonwa ko zirenze ibyo inganda zikeneye zihura nazo, ubuzima bwabo bufatwa nk'ikoreshwa mu gushaka inyungu.
Kuvura inyana zitifuzwa bishimangira gukoresha no kugurisha inyamaswa mu nganda z’amata. Kuva akivuka, ibyo biremwa bifite intege nke bikorerwa sisitemu ishyira imbere inyungu kuruta impuhwe, aho ubuzima bwabo buhabwa agaciro gake cyane kuko bugira uruhare mubyunguka mubukungu.
Byongeye kandi, gutandukanya inyana na ba nyina byongera imibabaro yabo, bikababuza kwita kubabyeyi no kubana kuva bakimara kwisi. Ihahamuka ryatewe n'izi nyamaswa z'inzirakarengane ntirishobora guhakana, kubera ko ryatandukanijwe no guhobera kwa ba nyina kandi bikajugunywa mu buzima butazwi kandi akenshi ari ubugome.
Ikibazo cy’inyana zitifuzwa zitwibutsa byimazeyo ingaruka zimyitwarire yimyitwarire yacu kandi ningingo mbwirizamuco yo guhangana nikibazo. Nkabaguzi, dufite inshingano zo kwibaza uburyo bwo gufata amatungo mu nganda z’amata no guharanira ibikorwa byinshi by’ubumuntu n’impuhwe. Mu kwanga gukoresha ibinyabuzima byiyumvamo inyungu no gushyigikira ubundi buryo bwimyitwarire, dushobora guharanira ejo hazaza aho ubuzima bwinyamaswa zose buhabwa agaciro kandi bwubahwa.
Gutandukanya ababyeyi n'impinja
Gutandukanya ababyeyi n’abana mu nganda z’amata ni umuco utera umubabaro mwinshi amarangamutima ku nka ndetse n’inyana zabo. Inka, zizwi cyane ku bushake bwa nyina, zikora ubumwe bukomeye n'urubyaro rwabo, nk'uko abantu babikora. Iyo inyana zavanywe ku gahato na ba nyina, umubabaro wavuyemo urashoboka.
Gutandukana birababaje kubona ubuhamya. Ababyeyi n'inyana bombi barashobora kumva bahamagaye, induru zabo zumvikana mu bigega amasaha menshi. Rimwe na rimwe, inka byagaragaye ko ziruka inyuma ya romoruki zitwara inyana zazo, zifuzaga cyane guhura n’abana babo. Amashusho arababaza umutima, yerekana ubujyakuzimu bwubusabane hagati ya nyina ninyana.
Byongeye kandi, guhora kwizunguruka no gutandukana byongera ihungabana ryamarangamutima yinka zamata. Guhatirwa kwihanganira ibyifuzo byumubiri byo gutwita no kubyara inshuro nyinshi, gusa bakuramo inyana zabo zavutse, inka zihura nimpungenge nububabare. Gukoresha ubudahwema sisitemu yimyororokere yabo kugirango babone umusaruro wamata bitwara ubuzima bwiza kumubiri no mumarangamutima.
Umubare w'amarangamutima yo gutandukanya ababyeyi n'abana bishimangira ubugome busanzwe bw’inganda zikora amata. Irerekana ingaruka zifatika zo gukoresha imvano y'ababyeyi kugirango tubone inyungu kandi bidutera imbaraga zo kongera gusuzuma uburyo dufata ibiremwa bifite imyumvire. Nkabaguzi, dufite imbaraga zo gusaba impinduka dushyigikira ubundi buryo bwimyitwarire bushyira imbere impuhwe no kubaha inyamaswa zose. Icyo gihe ni bwo dushobora gutangira kugabanya ububabare buterwa no gutandukana kw'ababyeyi n'abana mu nganda z’amata.
Ubwikorezi bukomeye
Gutwara inyana zitifuzwa, akenshi kuminsi itanu gusa, nikibazo kibabaje gitera izo nyamaswa zibangamiwe kubabazwa no kugirirwa nabi bitari ngombwa. Ku myaka mikeya, inyana ziracyakomeza imbaraga no guhuza ibikorwa, bigatuma byoroha cyane kubibazo byo gutwara abantu.
Inzira itangirana ninyana zihatirwa kwikinga hejuru yikamyo no ku makamyo, umurimo utoroshye ku nyamaswa zikiri intege nke kandi zidahungabana ku birenge. Ibitereko by'icyuma hamwe n'amagorofa yegeranye yagenewe inyamaswa zikuze bitera izindi ngaruka, kubera ko ibinono by'inyana bidakuze bikunze kunyerera cyangwa bigafatwa hagati y'ibice, bikaviramo gukomeretsa no kubabara.
Kugira ngo ibintu birusheho kuba bibi, iperereza ryerekanye aho bafashwe nabi n’abanyamurwango bababaye bashinzwe gufata inyana. Raporo zo gusunika, gukubita, gutaka, ndetse no guta inyana zayobewe ku gikamyo no hanze yerekana amakamyo atita ku mibereho yabo.
Ubwikorezi butesha umutwe bw'inyana zitifuzwa bushimangira ko hakenewe byihutirwa amategeko y’imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa n’ingamba zo kubahiriza. Ni ngombwa ko dushyira imbere imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa zose, tutitaye ku gaciro k’ubukungu bwazo, kandi tugafata ingamba zihamye zo kurangiza imibabaro idakenewe batewe mu izina ry’inyungu.
Yambuwe ibiryo
Imyitozo yo kwima ibiryo inyana mbere yo kubaga bitangirana no kugaburirwa mugitondo mbere yo gutwara. Ariko, bageze mu ibagiro, babikwa ijoro ryose batabonye ibiryo. Iki gihe kinini cyo kwamburwa cyongera imihangayiko n'amaganya byatewe n'izi nyamaswa zikiri nto, bikajyana no kumva ufite inzara n'ihungabana ryo gutwara no gutandukana na ba nyina.
Ingaruka mbi zo kubura ibiryo kumibereho myiza yinyana ntishobora kuvugwa. Inzara nikintu cyibanze gikenera umubiri, kandi kwanga inyana kubona ibiryo muriki gihe gikomeye cyubuzima bwabo ni ukurenga bikabije imibereho yabo. Byongeye kandi, guhuza inzara, guhangayika, no kwigunga byongera imibabaro yabo, bigatuma batagira kirengera kandi batagira kirengera mu masaha yabo ya nyuma.
Ku ibagiro
Ikibazo cy’inyana z’amata kigeze ku mwanzuro uteye ubwoba ku ibagiro, aho bahura n’ubugome bukabije nyuma yubuzima bwaranzwe no gukoreshwa no kwamburwa. Iperereza ryakozwe mu ibagiro ryagaragaje iterabwoba n'imibabaro byatewe n’izi nyamaswa zoroshye mu bihe byabo bya nyuma.
Ku nyana z’amata, ibagiro ryerekana indunduro yubuzima bwavutse gusa kugirango bukorere inyungu zinganda zamata. Kuva bakivuka, bafatwa nk'ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa, intego yabo yonyine ni ugukomeza gutuma ba nyina batanga amata yo kurya abantu. Kwirengagiza byimazeyo agaciro kabo n'uburenganzira bwo kubaho bigaragarira mubikorwa byo gukoresha no gufata nabi bihanganira.
Mugihe cyo kubaga ubwacyo, inyana zihura n'amahano adasanzwe. Bashobora kujyanwa mu makaramu yuzuye, bagahatirwa guhamya iyicwa ry’andi matungo mbere yuko igihe cyabo kigeze. Uburyo bukoreshwa mu kubica akenshi ni ubugome nubumuntu, bitera imibabaro nigihe kirekire.
Ibagiro ni uburakari bwa nyuma ku nyana z’amata, byibutsa cyane imikoreshereze idahwema n’ubugome bikomoka mu nganda z’amata. Ubuzima bwabo bwatanzwe mugushaka inyungu, imibabaro yabo yirukanwa nkibidafite akamaro imbere yubukungu.
Inzira zibabaza
Izo nyana z'igitsina gore zibitswe kugirango zuzuze amashyo y’amata zizakorerwa inzira zibabaza mu murima, nka 'disbudding'.
Mugihe cyo gutandukana, inyana zirashobora gushiramo icyuma gishyushye mumutwe kugirango zangize ingirangingo zamahembe zidakuze, zizwi nkuduti, cyangwa ingurube ihembe. Rimwe na rimwe, imiti ya caustic ikoreshwa mugutwika amahembe agaragara. Hatitawe ku buryo bwakoreshejwe, gusebanya birababaza cyane kandi birababaje inyana, zisigaye kwihanganira inzira ibabaza nta gutabarwa.
Usibye gusebanya, inka zishaje zamata zirashobora kandi gukorerwa uburyo bubabaza bwo kwangiza, butera ibyago byinshi byo kwandura nibindi bibazo. Dehorning ikubiyemo gukuraho amahembe ariho kandi bishobora kuvamo ububabare nububabare bukomeye kubinyamaswa zirimo.
Ingaruka zo mu mutwe
Ihahamuka ryo mu mutwe riterwa n'imikorere isanzwe mu nganda z’amata ntirenze inka n'inyana bikubiyemo abahinzi borozi ndetse n'imiryango yabo. Nkibisonga by’izi nyamaswa, abahinzi biboneye ubwabo ingaruka zamarangamutima yo gutandukana kwinyana nubundi buryo bukoreshwa nabi, bahura n’ingorabahizi zishingiye ku mico irangwa n'imibereho yabo.
Igikorwa cyo gusarura amata kugirango abantu barye akenshi gisaba abahinzi kugira uruhare mugutandukanya no kubaga inyamaswa zikiri nto. Byaba bikubiyemo kwica buri gihe amatungo y'abana cyangwa kubagaburira intoki mugihe gito mbere yo kubohereza kubagwa, iyi mirimo iremereye cyane umutimanama w'abahinzi. Gukenera guhagarika amarangamutima yabo nimpuhwe zabo kugirango basohoze inshingano zabo zubukungu ntibishobora kubaho hatabayeho kwishyurwa mubitekerezo.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ingaruka zabantu mubikorwa nkibi ari ngombwa. Abahinzi barashobora kugira ibyiyumvo byo kwiheba, guhangayika, nintimba mugihe bahanganye ningaruka zumuco mubikorwa byabo numutwaro wamarangamutima kumurimo wabo. Kubona akababaro k'inka n'inyana bitandukanijwe birashobora kugutera ubwoba cyane, kuko bibutsa buri gihe ubugome bwavukijwe mu nganda.
Ihungabana ryo mu mutwe ryahuye n’abahinzi b’amata n’imiryango yabo rishimangira imikoranire igoye hagati y’imibereho y’abantu n’inyamaswa mu nganda z’amata. Irerekana ko hakenewe kurushaho kumenyekana no gushyigikirwa mu mibereho y’amarangamutima y’abahinzi, ndetse no guhindura imikorere y’ubuhinzi bw’imyitwarire myiza kandi irambye.
Amahitamo yawe meza arakomeye
Guhitamo kwawe nkumuguzi gukoresha imbaraga zidasanzwe muguhindura isi igukikije. Nubwo gupakira ku ikarito y’amata y’amata bishobora kwerekana gusa ibinure, proteyine, hamwe na karori, ntibishobora kwerekana inkuru yuzuye inyuma y’umusaruro wabyo - inkuru yaranzwe n’akababaro k’ababyeyi, guta abana b'inzirakarengane nk'ibicuruzwa, no guhagarika impuhwe z'abantu.
Nyamara, hagati yibi bitekerezo, abaguzi bafite ubushobozi bwo guhitamo amata ninkuru itandukanye. Hamwe no kwaguka kwinshi kwa calcium ikungahaye kandi idafite amata ubundi buryo buboneka muri supermarkets, guhitamo amahitamo yubugome ntabwo byigeze bigerwaho cyangwa biryoshye.
Muguhitamo ubushishozi ibicuruzwa bihuye nindangagaciro zimpuhwe nimpuhwe, abaguzi barashobora guhindura impinduka zifatika mubikorwa byamata. Guhitamo kwawe ntiguha amahirwe yubucuruzi kubuhinzi gusa ahubwo binagira uruhare mugushinga isi nziza - kubantu ndetse ninyamaswa.
Igihe cyose uhisemo amata ashingiye ku bimera hejuru y’amata, uba wohereje ubutumwa bukomeye - bumwe buharanira imibereho myiza y’inka n’inyana zazo, buteza imbere kuramba, kandi buteza imbere umuryango w’impuhwe. Guhitamo kwawe kuzunguruka hanze, gushishikariza abandi gutekereza ku ngaruka z'ibyemezo byabo no kwifatanya mu rugendo rugana ahazaza h'imyitwarire myiza n'impuhwe.
