Inda ni ibintu bihindura ubuzima kandi mubitangaza bizana umunezero n'ibyishimo kubategereje ababyeyi. Nyamara, uru rugendo ntirurimo ibibazo byarwo nibibazo bishobora kuvuka. Mu myaka yashize, hagaragaye impungenge ku ngaruka ziterwa na mercure mu kurya amafi igihe utwite. Amafi asanzwe azwi nkisoko nzima ya poroteyine na acide ya omega-3 ya fatty acide , ingenzi mukuzamura uruhinja. Nyamara, amoko amwe y’amafi akunda kuba arimo mercure nyinshi, icyuma kiremereye gishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuri nyina ndetse n’umwana. Mubyukuri, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko mercure nyinshi ku bagore batwite ishobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye byo gutwita, harimo kubyara imburagihe, kubyara bike , no gutinda kw'iterambere. Ibi byateje impungenge abahanga mu by'ubuzima no gutegereza ababyeyi ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa no kurya amafi igihe batwite. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzareba isano iri hagati yingaruka zo gutwita hamwe na mercure nyinshi mu kurya amafi, dushakisha ubushakashatsi buheruka gukorwa no gutanga inama zijyanye no gukoresha amafi meza kandi meza mugihe utwite.
Merkuri mu mafi igira ingaruka ku gutwita.
Ubushakashatsi bwakomeje kwerekana ko kurya amafi afite mercure nyinshi mugihe utwite bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuri nyina ndetse no ku mwana ukura. Merkuri ni icyuma kiremereye gishobora kwambuka byoroshye kandi kikirundanya mu ngingo, biganisha ku ngaruka mbi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kuzamuka kwa mercure ku bagore batwite bifitanye isano no kongera ibyago byo gutinda kw'iterambere, ubumuga bwo kutamenya, n'ibibazo by'imyitwarire mu bana babo. Byongeye kandi, guhura na mercure nyinshi bifitanye isano no kongera ibyago byo kubyara imburagihe, kubyara bike, no kubangamira imikurire y’imitsi. Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana akamaro ko kwigisha abagore batwite ingaruka ziterwa no kurya amafi arimo mercure nyinshi no guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya mercure nkeya kugirango habeho ingaruka nziza zo gutwita.
Ibimenyetso bya teratogenicite ya mercure yavumbuwe.
Iperereza ryakozwe na siyansi riherutse kwerekana ibimenyetso bifatika byerekeranye na teratogenicite ya mercure. Ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwifashishije imiterere yinyamanswa no mubushakashatsi bwa vitro bwerekanye ubushobozi bwa mercure bwo gutera imikorere mibi mu mikurire. Izi malformations zirimo ibintu bidasanzwe mu mikurire yumubiri, ubumuga bwa skeletale, no guhungabana mumikurire ya neuronal. Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi bw’ibyorezo bwatanze ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana isano iri hagati y’ababyeyi na mercure igihe batwite ndetse n’ibyago byinshi byo kuvuka bidasanzwe ku bana bato. Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekanye uburyo bwihariye mercure ikoresha ingaruka za teratogenique kandi ishimangira ko hakenewe amategeko akomeye kugira ngo agabanye mercure, cyane cyane ku bagore batwite. Ubushakashatsi bukomeje muri uru rwego ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa byimazeyo imikoranire igoye hagati ya mercure niterambere rya urusoro, amaherezo bigafasha gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zifatika zo gukumira ubuzima bw’ababyeyi n’inda.
Abagore batwite bagomba gukurikirana ifi.
Ni ngombwa ko ababyeyi batwite bagira amakenga kandi bagakurikiranira hafi amafi yabo igihe batwite. Muri rusange amafi afatwa nkintungamubiri zintungamubiri, zikungahaye kuri acide ya omega-3 hamwe nintungamubiri zingenzi zifasha gukura kwinda. Nyamara, amoko amwe y’amafi ashobora kuba arimo mercure nyinshi, neurotoxine ikomeye. Mercure irashobora guhita yambuka insimburangingo hanyuma ikegeranya mumyanya myibarukiro, bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi zo gutwita hamwe nibibazo byiterambere mu rubyaro. Kubwibyo, birasabwa ko abagore batwite bahitamo amafi afite urugero rwa mercure nkeya, nka salmon, sardine, na trout, mugihe birinze amafi ya mercure nyinshi nka shark, amafi yinkota, na king makerel. Gukurikirana buri gihe imikoreshereze y’amafi no kubahiriza amabwiriza yashyizweho birashobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo guhura na mercure no kugabanya ibibazo bishobora gutwita.
Urwego rwa mercure rwinshi rwangiza uruhinja.
Kugaragara cyane kwa mercure mugihe utwite bibangamira cyane ubuzima bwuruhinja. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye isano iri hagati ya mercure nyinshi ningaruka mbi zo gutwita. Mercure irashobora guhungabanya iterambere risanzwe ryimitsi yumutima, biganisha kumyumvire no mumyitwarire nyuma mubuzima. Byongeye kandi, irashobora kubangamira ishingwa ryingingo na sisitemu zingenzi, bikongera ibyago byo kuvuka no gutinda gukura. Ni ngombwa ko ababyeyi batwite bamenya ingaruka zishobora guterwa no kurya amafi yanduye na mercure nyinshi kandi bagahitamo neza ibijyanye nimirire yabo kugirango barinde ubuzima bwiza bwumwana wabo utaravuka.
Gukoresha amafi bifitanye isano nibibazo.
Ibimenyetso bigaragara byerekana ko kurya amafi, nubwo muri rusange bifatwa nkigice cyingirakamaro cyimirire myiza, bishobora kuba bifitanye isano nibibazo bimwe na bimwe byo gutwita. Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwagaragaje impungenge zijyanye n’ingaruka zishobora guterwa na mercure nyinshi iboneka mu bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’amafi. Mercure, neurotoxine ikomeye, yagize uruhare runini mu kongera ibyago byo guhungabana kw'imitsi ndetse n'ubumuga bwo kutamenya ku bana bagaragara mu gihe cyo gutwita. Izi ngorane zishobora guturuka kuri bioaccumulation ya mercure mu mafi, cyane cyane izamuka ryibiryo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abagore batwite basabwa kwitonda no guhitamo neza ibijyanye n'ubwoko n'amafi y'amafi barya kugira ngo bagabanye ingaruka zishobora kubaho mu gihe bagifite inyungu z'imirire ijyanye no kurya amafi. Ubundi bushakashatsi burasabwa gusobanura uburyo nyabwo bushingiye ku isano iri hagati yo kurya amafi n’ingaruka zo gutwita, no gushyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho ushingiye ku bimenyetso bifatika byo gufata amafi meza kandi meza mu gihe atwite.
Ibyago byuburozi buturuka ku nyanja.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mugihe ibiryo byo mu nyanja ari isoko yingenzi yintungamubiri zingenzi nka acide ya omega-3, hari n'ingaruka ziterwa n'uburozi bujyanye nibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byo mu nyanja. Izi ngaruka ziterwa ahanini no kuba hari ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, harimo ibyuma biremereye nka mercure, biphenili polychlorine (PCBs), na dioxyyine. Ibyo bihumanya birashobora kwirundanyiriza mu ngingo z’ibiryo byo mu nyanja, cyane cyane mu bwoko bw’inyamaswa ziri hejuru y’urunigi rw’ibiribwa. Kurya ibyo bicuruzwa byo mu nyanja byanduye bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi ku buzima, cyane cyane ku baturage bugarijwe n'ibibazo nk'abagore batwite, impinja, ndetse n'abana bato. Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ubushobozi bwuburozi no guhitamo neza mugihe uhitamo no gutegura ibiryo byo mu nyanja kugirango ugabanye kwanduza. Gukurikirana buri gihe no kugenzura ibipimo by’umutekano wo mu nyanja nabyo ni byo byingenzi kugira ngo ubuzima rusange n’imibereho myiza.
Irinde amafi amwe.
Kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo guhura na mercure nyinshi mugihe utwite, ni byiza kwirinda amoko amwe y’amafi azwiho kuba afite urugero rwinshi rw’iki cyuma cya neurotoxique. Mercure irashobora kwambuka insina hanyuma ikegeranya mu nda ikura, birashobora gutuma umuntu atinda gukura, ubumuga bwo kutamenya, nizindi ngaruka mbi kumikorere yumwana. Amafi nka shark, amafi yinkota, king mackel, na tilefish byagaragaye ko afite mercure nyinshi bitewe na kamere yinyamaswa ndetse nigihe kirekire cyo kubaho. Ahubwo, abagore batwite barashishikarizwa kurya amafi yo munsi ya mercure nka salmon, trout, shrimp, na sardine, zitanga intungamubiri zingenzi mugihe zitera ibyago bike byo guhura na mercure. Ni ngombwa guhora umenyeshwa inama z’amafi n’amabwiriza y’ibanze yerekeranye n’ibirimo bya mercure kugira ngo ufate ibyemezo byuzuye bijyanye no kurya ibiryo byo mu nyanja mu gihe utwite.
Kugaragara kwa mercure mugihe cyo gutwita byakurikiranwe.
Mu rwego rwo gukomeza gushyira ingufu mu kubungabunga ubuzima n’umutekano by’abagore batwite n’abana babo bakura, hakorwa igenzura ry’imiterere ya mercure igihe batwite. Mercure ni neurotoxine ikomeye ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kumikurire yumwana no mumikorere ya neurologiya. Mugukurikiranira hafi urugero rwa mercure ku bagore batwite, inzobere mu buvuzi zirashobora kumenya abantu bashobora kuba bafite ibyago byinshi byo guhura na mercure kandi bagatanga ubuyobozi n’ibikorwa bikwiye kugira ngo bagabanye ingaruka mbi. Iri genzura ririmo gupima buri gihe amaraso cyangwa inkari kugirango harebwe urugero rwa mercure no gukurikirana impinduka zose mugihe cyo gutwita. Mu gushyira mu bikorwa izo ngamba zo gukurikirana, abatanga ubuvuzi barashobora kurushaho kurinda imibereho myiza y’ababyeyi n’abana babo, bagafasha kugabanya ingaruka zishobora guterwa no guhura na mercure nyinshi mu gihe batwite.
Mu gusoza, ubushakashatsi burakenewe kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza ingaruka ziterwa na mercure nyinshi mu kurya amafi ku ngaruka zo gutwita. Nyamara, ibimenyetso byatanzwe muri ubu bushakashatsi byerekana ko abagore batwite bagomba kwitonda mu kurya amafi yabo bagahitamo uburyo bwa mercure nkeya. Ni ngombwa kandi ko abashinzwe ubuzima bigisha abarwayi babo ingaruka n'ingaruka zo kurya amafi mugihe batwite. Hamwe nubushakashatsi bukomeje, turashobora gusobanukirwa neza no gukemura ingaruka zishobora guterwa na mercure nyinshi mukurya amafi kubabyeyi batwite nabana babo.
Ibibazo
Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora gutwita zifitanye isano na mercure nyinshi mu kurya amafi?
Ibibazo bishobora gutwita bifitanye isano na mercure nyinshi mukurya amafi harimo ibyago byinshi byo gukuramo inda, kubyara imburagihe, nibibazo byiterambere bikiri mu nda. Mercure irashobora kwambuka insimburangingo kandi ikangiza sisitemu y'imitsi ikura, biganisha ku bumuga bwo kumenya no gutwara ibinyabiziga. Birasabwa ko abagore batwite birinda kurya amafi menshi ya mercure nka shark, amafi yinkota, king mackel, na tilefish, no kugabanya gukoresha andi mafi kugaburirwa kabiri mu cyumweru.
Nigute mercure mu mafi igira ingaruka kumikurire mugihe cyo gutwita?
Merkuri mu mafi irashobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku mikurire y'inda igihe utwite. Iyo abagore batwite barya amafi yanduye na mercure, irashobora kwambuka insina hanyuma ikegeranya mu nda ikura. Mercure ni neurotoxine ishobora kubangamira iterambere ryubwonko bwumwana hamwe na sisitemu y'imitsi. Ibi birashobora kuganisha kubibazo bitandukanye byubwenge niterambere, nkibikorwa byubwenge buke, ubumuga bwo kwiga, no kugabanya IQ. Ni ngombwa ko abagore batwite bamenya ubwoko bw'amafi barya n'urwego rwa mercure kugira ngo bagabanye ingaruka zishobora gutera imikurire.
Ese ubwoko bumwebumwe bwamafi bushobora kugira mercure nyinshi, kandi niba aribyo, niyihe abagore batwite bagomba kwirinda?
Nibyo, ubwoko bumwebumwe bwamafi burashobora kugira mercure nyinshi. Abagore batwite bagomba kwirinda amafi azwiho kuba afite mercure nyinshi, nka shark, amafi yinkota, king makerel, na tilefish. Aya mafi akunda kuba manini kandi hejuru murwego rwibiryo, akusanya mercure nyinshi mubyo bahiga. Birasabwa ko abagore batwite ahubwo bahitamo amafi yo munsi ya mercure nka salmon, shrimp, pollock, na catfish, bikaba byiza kubarya mukigereranyo. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, buri gihe ni ngombwa kugisha inama abashinzwe ubuvuzi kugirango baguhe inama yihariye kubijyanye no kurya amafi mugihe utwite.
Ni ayahe mabwiriza asabwa yo gukoresha amafi meza mugihe utwite kugirango ugabanye ingaruka ziterwa na mercure?
Amabwiriza asabwa yo gukoresha amafi meza mugihe atwite kugirango agabanye ingaruka ziterwa na mercure harimo kwirinda amafi ya mercure menshi nka shark, amafi yinkota, king mackel, na tilefish. Ahubwo, abagore batwite basabwa guhitamo amafi ya mercure nkeya nka salmon, trout, shrimp, na catfish. Birasabwa kurya ama garama 8 kugeza kuri 12 y amafi make ya mercure buri cyumweru. Byongeye kandi, amafi agomba gutekwa neza kugirango yice bagiteri zose cyangwa parasite.
Hariho ubundi buryo buturuka kuri acide ya omega-3 abagore batwite bashobora kurya aho kuba amafi kugirango birinde mercure?
Nibyo, hari ubundi buryo bwa aside irike ya omega-3 abagore batwite bashobora kurya aho kuba amafi kugirango birinde mercure. Amahitamo amwe arimo amasoko ashingiye ku bimera nka flaxseeds, chia imbuto, na walnuts, kimwe ninyongera zishingiye kuri algae . Ubundi buryo bukungahaye kuri aside ya alpha-linolenic (ALA), umubiri ushobora guhindura aside irike ya omega-3, aside eicosapentaenoic (EPA) na acide docosahexaenoic (DHA). Abagore batwite bagomba kugisha inama abashinzwe ubuzima kugira ngo barebe ko bakeneye ibyo bakeneye mu mirire kandi bamenye ubundi buryo bwiza bwa aside irike ya omega-3 bitewe n'imiterere yabo.
