Ibisobanuro - Humane Foundation

Ubusobanuro mu mirima yinganda bugaragaza kimwe mubintu bikomereye ubuhinzi bwinyamanswa. Muri ibyo bigo, amamiliyaridi yinyamanswa abaho ubuzima bwazo ahantu hose hagabanijwe kuburyo ningendo shingiro zidashoboka. Inka zirashobora guhambirwa ahacururizwa, ingurube zifungiye mu bisanduku byo gusama bitarenze imibiri yabo, n'inkoko zashyizwe mu kato ka batiri zegeranye n'ibihumbi. Ubu buryo bwo kwifungisha bugenewe gukora neza no kunguka, ariko bikuraho inyamaswa ubushobozi bwo kwishora mu myitwarire karemano - nko kurisha, gutera, cyangwa kurera ibyana byazo - guhindura ibinyabuzima mubice byumusaruro gusa.
Ingaruka zo kwifungisha zirenze kure kubuzwa kumubiri. Inyamaswa zihanganira ububabare budashira, kwangirika kwimitsi, no gukomeretsa biturutse kubantu benshi kandi badafite isuku. Umubare wa psychologiya urababaje kimwe: kutagira umudendezo no gukangura bitera guhangayika bikabije, kwibasirwa, nimyitwarire isubiramo, ihatira. Uku guhakana byimazeyo ubwigenge byerekana ikibazo cyimyitwarire - guhitamo uburyo bworoshye mubukungu kuruta imibereho yibiremwa bifite imbaraga zishobora kubabara.
Guhangana n'ikibazo cyo kwifungisha bisaba inzira zinyuranye. Ivugurura ry’amategeko ribuza uburyo bwo kwifungisha bikabije, nk'ibisanduku byo gutwita no gufunga batiri, byiyongereye mu turere twinshi, byerekana ko hahindutse ibikorwa byinshi bya kimuntu. Ariko, impinduka zifatika nazo ziterwa no kumenya abaguzi ninshingano. Mu kwanga ibicuruzwa biva muri sisitemu, abantu barashobora gutwara ibyifuzo byimyitwarire. Mu guhangana n’ubusanzwe ubugome no gutekereza ku nyubako zubaha inyamaswa ndetse n’isi, sosiyete irashobora gutera intambwe ifatika igana ahazaza aho impuhwe no kuramba bitaribyo, ahubwo ni amahame.

Ibisanduku byo gusama ku ngurube ni umuco utavugwaho rumwe cyane mu bworozi bwa kijyambere. Iyi myanya mito, ifunzwe ikoreshwa mu kubamo ingurube, cyangwa kubiba, mugihe batwite. Imyitozo yateje impaka zishingiye ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, kuko akenshi zitera umubabaro mwinshi ku mubiri no mu mutwe ku nyamaswa zirimo. Iyi ngingo irasobanura neza ibisanduku byo gusama aribyo, impamvu bikoreshwa mubuhinzi bwinganda, nibibazo byimyitwarire bazamura. Ibisanduku byo gusama ni iki? Ibisanduku byo gusama, byitwa kandi aho babiba, ni bito, bifungiwe mu cyuma cyangwa insinga zagenewe gufata ingurube zitwite (kubiba) mu buhinzi bw’inganda. Utwo dusanduku twakozwe mu buryo bwihariye kugira ngo tubuze imbuto igihe atwite, bitanga umwanya muto wo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ubusanzwe gupima uburebure butarenze metero ebyiri z'ubugari na metero zirindwi z'uburebure, igishushanyo ni gito, nkana kubiba umwanya uhagije wo guhagarara cyangwa kubeshya…

Ubworozi bw'uruganda, sisitemu yagenewe gukora neza, yahinduye ubworozi bw'ingurube inzira ikunze kutita ku mibereho y’inyamaswa. Inyuma yinzugi zifunze zibi bikorwa haribintu byukuri byubugome nububabare. Ingurube, inyamaswa zifite ubwenge cyane n’imibereho, zikorerwa ibikorwa byubumuntu bishyira imbere inyungu kuruta imibereho yabo. Hano, turagaragaza bimwe mubintu bitangaje kandi bivura ingurube zororerwa kwihanganira imirima yinganda. Ubusobanuro bugufi: Ubuzima bwo kudahangarwa nububabare Kimwe mubintu bibangamiye ubworozi bwingurube ni ugufunga imbuto, cyangwa ingurube zororoka, mubisanduku byo gutwita - ibyuma bifunze byerekana ububi bwubuhinzi bwuruganda. Utwo dusanduku nini cyane kuruta ingurube ubwazo, akenshi zipima metero 2 z'ubugari na metero 7 z'uburebure, ku buryo bidashoboka ko inyamaswa zidahindukira, kurambura, cyangwa kuryama neza. Imbuto zimara hafi ubuzima bwabo bwose…

Ihohoterwa ry’inyamaswa nikibazo cyingutu cyapfukiranwe guceceka igihe kirekire. Mu gihe sosiyete yarushijeho kumenya imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa n’uburenganzira, amarorerwa abera inyuma y’imiryango ifunze mu mirima y’uruganda akomeje guhishwa cyane na rubanda. Gufata nabi no gukoresha inyamaswa muri ibyo bigo byabaye akamenyero mu gukurikirana umusaruro n’inyungu. Nyamara, imibabaro yibi biremwa byinzirakarengane ntishobora kwirengagizwa ukundi. Igihe kirageze cyo guceceka no kumurika ukuri guhungabanya ihohoterwa ry’inyamaswa mu mirima y’uruganda. Iyi ngingo izacengera mu isi yijimye yo guhinga uruganda no gucukumbura uburyo butandukanye bwo guhohoterwa bugaragara muri ibyo bigo. Kuva ku gufata nabi umubiri no mubitekerezo kugeza kutita kubikenewe byibanze nubuzima, tuzagaragaza ukuri gukomeye inyamaswa zihanganira muruganda. Byongeye kandi, tuzaganira kuri…

Amatungo niyo shingiro ryimikorere yubuhinzi, atanga ibikoresho byingenzi nkinyama, amata, nubuzima bwa miriyoni. Nyamara, urugendo rwabo kuva bakivuka kugeza kubagiro rugaragaza ukuri kugoye kandi akenshi gutera ibibazo. Gucukumbura iyi mibereho bitanga urumuri kubibazo bikomeye bijyanye n’imibereho y’inyamaswa, kubungabunga ibidukikije, hamwe n’imikorere y’ibiribwa. Kuva ku bipimo byitaweho hakiri kare kugeza kugaburira ibiryo, ibibazo byo gutwara abantu, no kuvura ubumuntu - buri cyiciro kigaragaza amahirwe yo kuvugurura. Mugusobanukirwa izi nzira ningaruka zazo zigera kubidukikije ndetse na societe, turashobora kunganira ubundi buryo bwimpuhwe bushyira imbere ubuzima bwiza bwinyamaswa mugihe tugabanya kwangiza ibidukikije. Iyi ngingo yibanda cyane mubuzima bwamatungo kugirango ihabwe ubushobozi bwo guhitamo abaguzi bujyanye nigihe kizaza cyubumuntu kandi kirambye.

Munsi yubuso bwa aquarium na parike zo mu nyanja haribintu byukuri biteye ubwoba bitandukanye cyane nishusho rusange yabyo. Mugihe ibi bikurura ibintu byizeza uburezi n'imyidagaduro, akenshi biza ku giciro kinini ku nyamaswa zifungiye imbere. Kuva kuri orcas koga inziga zidashira muri tanks zitagira ingumba kugeza kuri dolphine zikora amayeri adasanzwe yo gukomera amashyi, imbohe yambura ibiremwa byo mu nyanja umudendezo, icyubahiro, nimyitwarire karemano. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibibazo by’imyitwarire, ingaruka z’ibidukikije, n’umubare w’imitekerereze yo gufata inyamaswa zo mu nyanja kugira ngo zishimishe abantu - zigaragaza inganda zubakiye aho gukoreshwa aho kubungabunga

Ubworozi bw'ubwoya bukomeje kuba bumwe mu buryo butongana cyane mu buhinzi bwa kijyambere, bugaragaza amamiriyoni ya mink, imbwebwe, n’andi matungo ubuzima bw’ubugome budasanzwe ndetse no kwamburwa. Gufungirwa mu kato gafite insinga zidafite amahirwe yo kwerekana imyitwarire karemano, ibyo biremwa bifite ubwenge bihanganira imibabaro yumubiri, imibabaro yo mumitekerereze, hamwe no gukoreshwa imyororokere - byose bigamije imyambarire myiza. Mu gihe imyumvire ku isi igenda yiyongera ku ngaruka z’imyitwarire n’ibidukikije biva mu musaruro w’ubwoya, iyi ngingo iratanga ibisobanuro ku bintu bibi byugarije inyamaswa zororerwa mu gihe isaba ko hajyaho inzira zishingiye ku mpuhwe zishingiye ku mpuhwe.

Ibisanduku byo gusama, akazu kagufi gakoreshwa mu bworozi bw'ingurube, bishushanya ubugome bw'ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere. Gufata imbuto zitwite ahantu hato cyane kuburyo zidashobora guhindukira, utuzitiro dutera ububabare bukabije bwumubiri nububabare bwamarangamutima ku nyamaswa zifite ubwenge, zisabana. Kuva ibibazo byubuzima byangirika kugeza ibimenyetso byububabare bukabije bwo mumitekerereze, gesta yambuye imbuto kuburenganzira bwabo bwibanze bwo kugenda no kwitwara neza. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ukuri gukomeye inyuma yibi bikorwa, irasobanura ingaruka zishingiye ku myitwarire yabo, kandi isaba ko hajyaho uburyo bw’ubuhinzi bw’impuhwe kandi burambye bushyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kuruta inyungu zishingiye ku nyungu.

Ubworozi bw'uruganda bwabaye uburyo bwiganje mu gutanga inyama, bitewe no gukenera inyama zihenze kandi nyinshi. Ariko, inyuma yorohereza inyama zakozwe na benshi hari ukuri kwijimye kwubugome bwinyamaswa nububabare. Kimwe mu bintu bibabaza cyane mu buhinzi bw’uruganda ni ifungwa ry’ubugome ryihanganwe na miliyoni z’inyamaswa mbere yo kubagwa. Iyi nyandiko iragaragaza imiterere yubumuntu ihura ninyamaswa zororerwa mu ruganda ningaruka zifatika zifungwa. Kumenya inyamaswa zororerwa Izi nyamaswa, akenshi zororerwa kubwinyama, amata, amagi, zigaragaza imyitwarire idasanzwe kandi ifite ibyo ikeneye bitandukanye. Dore incamake yinyamanswa zimwe na zimwe zororerwa: Inka, kimwe nimbwa dukunda, zishimira gutungwa no gushaka imibanire ninyamaswa bagenzi bacu. Aho batuye, bakunze kugirana umubano urambye nizindi nka, bisa nubucuti burigihe. Byongeye kandi, bakundana cyane nabagize amashyo yabo, bakerekana akababaro iyo…

Mu gicucu cy’ubuhinzi bw’inganda harabeshya ukuri: gufunga ubugome bwinkoko mu kato. Uru ruzitiro rugufi, rwagenewe gusa kongera umusaruro w'amagi, rwambura amamiriyoni y'inkoko umudendezo w’ibanze kandi ubakorerwa imibabaro idashoboka. Kuva kurwara skeletale no gukomeretsa ibirenge kugeza kubibazo bya psychologiya biterwa nubucucike bukabije, umubare wibi biremwa biratangaje. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ingaruka zishingiye ku myitwarire no gukwirakwira kwinshi mu bubiko bwa batiri mu gihe haharanira ko habaho ivugurura ryihuse mu buhinzi bw’inkoko. Mugihe ubukangurambaga bwabaguzi bugenda bwiyongera, niko amahirwe yo gusaba ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu - gutangiza ejo hazaza aho imibereho yinyamanswa ifata umwanya munini kuruta inyungu zishingiye ku nyungu.

Inkongoro n'ingagi hasi, akenshi bifitanye isano no guhumurizwa no kwinezeza, bihisha ukuri gukabije kubabazwa ninyamaswa. Inyuma yubugwaneza hari inganda zubugome ziyobora inkongoro na za gasegereti kugirango zibeho guhinga, ibihe byuzuye, no kwangiza ibidukikije. Izi nyoni zubwenge, zizwiho guhuza amarangamutima nubushobozi budasanzwe, zikwiye cyane kuruta gukoresha imideli cyangwa uburiri. Iyi ngingo itanga urumuri ku mwijima wumusaruro muke mugihe uharanira ubundi buryo butarangwamo ubugome no kwerekana ibirango byiyemeje imyitwarire. Menya uburyo guhitamo neza bishobora kurinda imibereho yinyamaswa no guteza imbere ubuzima burambye