Ubugome bwinyamaswa - Humane Foundation

Ubugome bwinyamaswa bukubiyemo ibikorwa byinshi aho inyamaswa zikorerwa kutitabwaho, gukoreshwa, no kugirira nabi nkana intego zabantu. Kuva ku bugome bwo guhinga uruganda nuburyo bwo kubaga ubumuntu kugeza kububabare bwihishe inyuma yinganda zidagadura, gukora imyenda, nubushakashatsi, ubugome bugaragarira muburyo butabarika mu nganda n’umuco. Akenshi byihishe mubitekerezo rusange, ibyo bikorwa birasanzwe gufata nabi ibiremwa bifite imyumvire, bikagabanuka kubicuruzwa aho kubimenya nkabantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kumva ububabare, ubwoba, nibyishimo.
Gukomeza ubugome bwinyamaswa bikomoka kumigenzo, inganda zishingiye ku nyungu, no kutita kubantu. Ibikorwa byubuhinzi bukomeye, nkurugero, shyira imbere umusaruro kuruta imibereho, kugabanya inyamaswa kubice byumusaruro. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, gukenera ibicuruzwa nk'ubwoya, uruhu rutangaje, cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga yapimwe ninyamaswa bikomeza uruzinduko rwo kwirengagiza ko habaho ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu. Iyi myitozo igaragaza ubusumbane hagati yubworoherane bwabantu nuburenganzira bwinyamaswa zo kubaho zidafite imibabaro idakenewe.
Iki gice kirasuzuma ingaruka nini zubugome burenze ibikorwa byabantu kugiti cyabo, byerekana uburyo kwemerwa numuco numuco bikomeza inganda zubakiye kubibi. Irashimangira kandi imbaraga z'igikorwa cya buri muntu hamwe na hamwe - uhereye ku buvugizi bw'amategeko akomeye no guhitamo abaguzi b'imyitwarire - mu guhangana na sisitemu. Gukemura ubugome bwinyamaswa ntabwo ari ukurinda ibiremwa bifite intege nke gusa ahubwo ni no gusobanura inshingano zacu zumuco no gushiraho ejo hazaza aho impuhwe nubutabera biyobora imikoranire yacu nibinyabuzima byose.

Ubuhinzi bwuruganda, imbaraga ziganje mu musaruro w’ibiribwa ku isi, bihisha ibibazo byinshi by’imyitwarire isaba kwitabwaho. Munsi yubuso bwinyama zihenze, amagi, n amata harimo gahunda yuzuye ubugome bwinyamaswa, kwangiza ibidukikije, hamwe n’ingaruka ku buzima bwabantu. Kuva ubuzima bubi bw’amatungo kugeza ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kwiyongera kwa bagiteri zirwanya antibiyotike, ingaruka zayo ziragenda ziyongera muri sosiyete. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ibyo bibazo by’ingutu mu gihe hagaragazwa uburyo bw’ubuhinzi burambye bushimangira imibereho y’inyamaswa, ubwuzuzanye bw’ibidukikije, ndetse n’amahitamo meza - butumira gutekereza ku buryo dushobora gutsimbataza uburyo bunoze bwo kugaburira isi

Kwinjira mu isi igoye y'amarangamutima n'ubwenge byerekana ukuri kwimbitse: inyamaswa zirumva cyane kandi zifite ubwenge kuruta uko twigeze tubyizera. Kuva ku nzovu ziririra abapfuye kugeza ku nyoni zikemura ibisubizo hamwe n'ubuhanga budasanzwe, iterambere rya siyansi ryerekanye ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ubujyakuzimu bw'amarangamutima n'ubushobozi bw'ubwenge ku moko atabarika. Uyu mubiri wubushakashatsi ugenda wiyongera kubibazo byashaje, bidusaba kongera gusuzuma uburyo dufata inyamaswa mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi - cyane cyane muri gahunda yo guhinga uruganda akenshi rwirengagiza ubushobozi bwabo bwo kumva ububabare, umunezero, ubwoba, nimpuhwe. Mugushakisha siyanse yibitekerezo byinyamanswa, iyi ngingo iragaragaza ingaruka zimyitwarire yubuvumbuzi kandi irasaba guhitamo impuhwe nyinshi mubicuruzwa no kurya. Twiyunge natwe mugihe tumenye ubuzima bwimbere bushimishije bwibiremwa bitari abantu kandi dusuzume uburyo gusobanukirwa amarangamutima yabo bishobora gutera ejo hazaza heza, harambye kubiremwa byose.

Ubugome bwinyamaswa mumirima yinganda nikibazo gikomeye kigomba gukemurwa. Kuvura inyamaswa muribi bigo akenshi ni ubumuntu kandi nta mpuhwe. Kubwamahirwe, hari igisubizo gishobora gufasha kugabanya iki kibazo - ibikomoka ku bimera. Muguhitamo gukurikiza ubuzima bwibikomoka ku bimera, abantu barashobora kugira uruhare mukurangiza ubugome bwinyamaswa mumirima yinganda. Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzasuzuma ingaruka ziterwa n’ibikomoka ku bimera ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, ibyiza byo guhitamo ibikomoka ku bimera, n’uburyo bishobora guteza ejo hazaza h’ubugome butagira ubugome. Twifatanije natwe gusobanukirwa uruhare rukomeye ibikomoka ku bimera bigira mu kurwanya ubugome bw’inyamaswa no gufata ingamba zo kurushaho gufata neza inyamaswa mu buhinzi bw’uruganda. Ingaruka z’ibikomoka ku bimera ku bugome bw’inyamaswa mu mirima y’uruganda Ibikomoka ku bimera biteza imbere impuhwe ku nyamaswa birinda kubikoresha mu mirima y’uruganda. Muguhitamo ubuzima bwibikomoka ku bimera, abantu barashobora gufasha kugabanya…

Imyambarire yamye ari inganda zihora zitera imbere, zihora zisunika imipaka kandi zishyiraho inzira nshya. Ariko, hagati yicyubahiro na glitz, hari impungenge zigenda zitera ingaruka kumyambarire kubidukikije. Hamwe no kuzamuka kwimyambarire yihuse ningaruka zayo mbi kuri iyi si, habaye impinduka ziganisha kumikorere irambye kandi yimyitwarire muruganda. Imwe mungendo nkiyi igenda yiyongera ni ibikomoka ku bimera, ntabwo ari uguhitamo imirire, ahubwo ni uburyo bwo kubaho no guhitamo imyambarire. Igitekerezo cy’ibikomoka ku bimera, giteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa bitarangwamo inyamaswa, byageze no mu myambarire, bituma havuka ijambo "imyambarire y’ibikomoka ku bimera" cyangwa "imyenda y’ibikomoka ku bimera". Iyi myumvire ntabwo ari imyambarire irengana gusa, ahubwo ihinduka rikomeye ryerekeza kubidukikije no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzacengera cyane ku ruhare rw’ibikomoka ku bimera mu buryo burambye, dushakisha ibyiza byacyo…

Inyuma yishusho ihumuriza yibiryo byiza byumuryango hamwe nimbuto-yumurima mushya hari ukuri gukabije gukunze kutamenyekana: guhinga uruganda. Ubu buryo bwateye imbere mu musaruro w’ibiribwa bushyira imbere inyungu kuruta impuhwe, bikaviramo ubugome bukabije bw’inyamaswa, kwangiza ibidukikije, ndetse n’ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima ku baguzi. Hafi yikibanza cyabashumba duhuza nubuhinzi gakondo, imirima yinganda ikora nkimashini zidacogora zibyara umusaruro, kwigomwa imyitwarire no kuramba kugirango bikore neza. Mugihe ayo mahano yihishe akomeje gushiraho icyarangirira ku masahani yacu, ni ngombwa guhishura ukuri inyuma yiyi sisitemu no gutekereza ku zindi nzira zifatika zihuza umubumbe muzima hamwe nigihe kizaza

Antibiyotike yashimiwe ko ari imwe mu majyambere akomeye y’ubuvuzi mu bihe bya none, itanga igikoresho gikomeye cyo kurwanya indwara ziterwa na bagiteri. Ariko, kimwe nigikoresho icyo aricyo cyose gikomeye, burigihe hariho amahirwe yo gukoresha nabi ningaruka zitateganijwe. Mu myaka yashize, gukoresha cyane no gukoresha nabi antibiyotike mu nganda z’ubuhinzi byateje ikibazo ku isi hose: kurwanya antibiyotike. Ubwiyongere bw'ubuhinzi bw'uruganda, bwibanda ku musaruro mwinshi w'amatungo mu bihe bifunze, akenshi bidafite isuku, byatumye hakoreshwa antibiyotike mu biryo by'amatungo mu rwego rwo gukumira no kuvura indwara. Nubwo ibi bisa nkaho ari ingamba zikenewe kugirango ubuzima bw’amatungo bumere neza, byagize ingaruka zitunguranye kandi zangiza ku buzima bw’inyamaswa ndetse n’abantu. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma uburyo buteye ubwoba bwo kurwanya antibiyotike no guhuza ibikorwa byo guhinga uruganda. Tuzibira muri…

Ubugome bwinyamaswa mumirima yinganda nikibazo gikomeye ningaruka zikomeye zo mumitekerereze yinyamaswa, abakozi, na societe. Inyuma y’ubuhinzi bwateye imbere mu nganda, inyamaswa zitabarika zihanganira imihangayiko idakira, ihohoterwa, no kwamburwa - bikabasiga bahahamutse kandi bafite amarangamutima. Abakozi muri ibi bidukikije bakunze guhangana nububabare bwumunaniro numunaniro wimpuhwe mugihe bagenda babona ukuri kwinshingano zabo. Ingaruka mbi ziragenda ziyongera, bigatuma abantu baterwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina mu gihe havuka impungenge zikomeye zishingiye ku myitwarire y’ikiremwamuntu ku bantu bafite imyumvire. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ingaruka z’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe zihishe zijyanye n’ubuhinzi bw’uruganda, irasaba gutekereza ku buryo dushobora gushyira imbere impuhwe no kuramba mu gushiraho ejo hazaza h’ubumuntu.

Amata na foromaje bimaze igihe kinini bikunzwe cyane mubiryo bitabarika, byizihizwa kubera amavuta meza kandi bihumura. Ariko inyuma yibikurura ibyo bicuruzwa byamata bikunzwe haribintu byijimye bikunze kutamenyekana. Inganda z’amata n’inyama zuzuyemo ibikorwa bibabaza inyamaswa cyane, byangiza ibidukikije, kandi bitera impungenge zikomeye z’imyitwarire. Kuva ku ifungwa rikaze ry’inka kugeza ku bidukikije by’ubuhinzi bwimbitse, iyi ngingo iragaragaza ukuri kudashidikanywaho kwihishe inyuma yikirahuri cyamata cyangwa ibice bya foromaje. Igihe kirageze cyo gutekereza ku guhitamo kwacu, kwakira impuhwe, no gushakisha ubundi buryo burambye bujyanye nigihe kizaza cyiza ku nyamaswa ndetse nisi yacu.

Ubuhinzi bwuruganda ninganda zitavugwaho rumwe kandi ziteye impungenge cyane zikunze kutamenyekana nabaturage muri rusange. Nubwo abantu benshi bazi impungenge zimyitwarire yubugome bwinyamaswa, abahohotewe bahinga ubuhinzi bwuruganda bakomeje kubabazwa inyuma yumuryango. Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzacukumbura ibintu byijimye byubugome bwinyamaswa mu buhinzi bw’uruganda kandi tumenye amahano yihishe ibyo biremwa byinzirakarengane bihanganira. Ibintu Byijimye Byubugome Bwinyamanswa Mubuhinzi bwuruganda Uruganda rufite uruhare runini mubugome bwinyamaswa nububabare. Amatungo yihanganira ibintu bigoye kandi bidafite isuku mumirima yinganda, yambuwe ibyo bakeneye nuburenganzira bwabo. Gukoresha imisemburo ikura na antibiotike mubikorwa byo guhinga uruganda bikomeza kugira uruhare mububabare bwabo. Amatungo mu murima wuruganda akenshi akorerwa inzira zibabaza nta anesteziya, nko gutesha umurizo no gufunga umurizo. Iyi mikorere yubugome ikorwa gusa kugirango byorohereze…

Ubuhinzi bwuruganda ninganda zihishe neza, zuzuye ibanga kandi zibuza abaguzi kumva urugero rwubugome bubera inyuma yumuryango. Imiterere yimirima yinganda akenshi iba yuzuyemo abantu benshi, badafite isuku, nubumuntu, biganisha kububabare bukabije bwinyamaswa zirimo. Iperereza n’amashusho yihishe byagaragaje ibihe bitangaje byo guhohotera inyamaswa no kutita ku mirima y’uruganda. Abaharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa bakora ubudacogora kugira ngo bagaragaze ukuri kwijimye mu buhinzi bw’uruganda kandi baharanira amategeko akomeye n’imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa. Abaguzi bafite imbaraga zo kugira icyo bahitamo bahitamo gushyigikira ibikorwa byubuhinzi bwimyitwarire kandi burambye aho guhinga uruganda. Ingurube mu mirima yinganda zikunze kubaho mubihe bibababaza cyane kubera guhangayika, kwifungisha, no kubura ibikenerwa byibanze. Mubisanzwe babikwa ahantu huzuye abantu, ahantu hatarimo uburiri bukwiye, guhumeka, cyangwa icyumba kugirango bagaragaze imyitwarire karemano nko gushinga imizi, gushakisha, cyangwa gusabana. Ibi…