Ubugome bwinyamaswa - Humane Foundation

Ubugome bwinyamaswa bukubiyemo ibikorwa byinshi aho inyamaswa zikorerwa kutitabwaho, gukoreshwa, no kugirira nabi nkana intego zabantu. Kuva ku bugome bwo guhinga uruganda nuburyo bwo kubaga ubumuntu kugeza kububabare bwihishe inyuma yinganda zidagadura, gukora imyenda, nubushakashatsi, ubugome bugaragarira muburyo butabarika mu nganda n’umuco. Akenshi byihishe mubitekerezo rusange, ibyo bikorwa birasanzwe gufata nabi ibiremwa bifite imyumvire, bikagabanuka kubicuruzwa aho kubimenya nkabantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kumva ububabare, ubwoba, nibyishimo.
Gukomeza ubugome bwinyamaswa bikomoka kumigenzo, inganda zishingiye ku nyungu, no kutita kubantu. Ibikorwa byubuhinzi bukomeye, nkurugero, shyira imbere umusaruro kuruta imibereho, kugabanya inyamaswa kubice byumusaruro. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, gukenera ibicuruzwa nk'ubwoya, uruhu rutangaje, cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga yapimwe ninyamaswa bikomeza uruzinduko rwo kwirengagiza ko habaho ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu. Iyi myitozo igaragaza ubusumbane hagati yubworoherane bwabantu nuburenganzira bwinyamaswa zo kubaho zidafite imibabaro idakenewe.
Iki gice kirasuzuma ingaruka nini zubugome burenze ibikorwa byabantu kugiti cyabo, byerekana uburyo kwemerwa numuco numuco bikomeza inganda zubakiye kubibi. Irashimangira kandi imbaraga z'igikorwa cya buri muntu hamwe na hamwe - uhereye ku buvugizi bw'amategeko akomeye no guhitamo abaguzi b'imyitwarire - mu guhangana na sisitemu. Gukemura ubugome bwinyamaswa ntabwo ari ukurinda ibiremwa bifite intege nke gusa ahubwo ni no gusobanura inshingano zacu zumuco no gushiraho ejo hazaza aho impuhwe nubutabera biyobora imikoranire yacu nibinyabuzima byose.

Inyamaswa zo mu muhanda zishobora kureshya abagenzi n'amasezerano yo guhura hafi n’inyamaswa zishimwa, ariko inyuma ya façade hari ukuri gukabije. Ibi bintu nyaburanga bidakurikiranwa bikoresha inyamanswa mu nyungu, zifunga inyamaswa ahantu hafunganye, hatarimo ingumba zidashobora guhaza ibyo bakeneye by'ibanze. Bapfunditswe nk'imbaraga zo kwigisha cyangwa kubungabunga ibidukikije, bakomeza ubugome binyuze mu bworozi bw'agahato, kubitaho, no kubeshya. Kuva ku nyamaswa z’abana zitandukanijwe cyane na ba nyina kugeza ku bantu bakuru bihanganira ubuzima bwabo bwose, ibyo bigo byerekana ko hakenewe byihutirwa ubukerarugendo bw’imyitwarire bushyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kuruta imyidagaduro.

Inyoni ni ibiremwa bikurura bizwi kubera amabara meza, indirimbo zitoroshye, hamwe na kamere yo gukina. Mu binyejana byashize, abantu barabashimye, akenshi babigumana nk'amatungo mu kato. Ariko rero, kugumisha inyoni mu kato biramenyekana ko byangiza ubuzima bwabo, biganisha ku mubabaro ku mubiri no mu mutwe. Iyi ngingo irasobanura impamvu kugumisha inyoni mu kato byangiza ubuzima bwabo n’ibyishimo, ikanasobanura ingaruka zikomeye zo kwifungisha ku myitwarire yabo isanzwe, imibanire myiza, n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Ubuzima Kamere bwinyoni: Isi Yubwisanzure nubusabane Mubusozi, inyoni ni ibiremwa byimibereho cyane, bikozwe muburyo bwimiterere yibidukikije. Ntabwo ari ibiremwa byonyine ahubwo bitera imbere mumiryango ifite imbaraga, ifitanye isano ibafasha kumarangamutima no mumubiri. Bitandukanye no kubaho kwonyine inyoni nyinshi zifunze zihura nazo, bagenzi babo bo mwishyamba bakora ubumwe bukomeye, ubuzima bwabo bwose hamwe nabakunzi babo, bigatuma habaho urusobe rwimibanire…

Ihohoterwa ry’inyamanswa ni ikibazo gikomeye kandi kibabaje gifata uburyo butandukanye, uhereye ku kutita ku ihohoterwa n’ihohoterwa ry’umubiri kugeza ku mitekerereze mibi. Ni ikibazo kitoroshye cyatewe nimpamvu nyinshi zitanga umusanzu, harimo kubura amashuri, ingorane zubukungu, ibibazo byubuzima bwo mumutwe, n imyumvire yumuco ku nyamaswa. Iri hohoterwa ntabwo ryangiza inyamaswa zirimo gusa ahubwo rifite ingaruka nini muri societe, akenshi rifitanye isano nubundi bwoko bwihohoterwa. Iyi ngingo iracengera muburyo butandukanye bwo guhohotera inyamaswa ziherekejwe, zitanga isesengura rirambuye ryuburyo butandukanye inyamaswa zifatwa nabi, haba kubirengagiza, guhunika, ihohoterwa ryumubiri, cyangwa kubabaza amarangamutima. Byongeye kandi, irasuzuma impamvu zifatika zigira uruhare muri iyo myitwarire yangiza, ikerekana impamvu abantu bamwe bashobora kwishora mubikorwa nkibi. Byongeye kandi, ingingo ishimangira akamaro ko kumenya no kwigisha mukumenya ibimenyetso byo guhohotera inyamaswa. Irasobanura uburyo buri wese muri twe,…

Inganda zubwoya, zikunze kugurishwa nkikimenyetso cya opulence, zihisha ukuri gukomeye - inganda zubakiye kubabazwa ninyamaswa zitabarika. Buri mwaka, amamiriyoni y'ibiremwa nka marcoun, coyote, bobcats, na otter bihanganira ububabare budasanzwe mumitego yagenewe kubabaza no kwica kubera imyambarire. Kuva mu mutego w'ibyuma ujanjagura amaguru ukageza ku bikoresho nk'imitego ya Conibear ihumeka buhoro buhoro abahohotewe, ubwo buryo ntabwo butera umubabaro mwinshi gusa ahubwo binahitana ubuzima bw'inyamaswa zidafite intego - zirimo amatungo n'ibinyabuzima byangirika - nk'impanuka zitateganijwe. Munsi yacyo yuzuye ububengerane haribibazo byimyitwarire iterwa ninyungu byangiza ubuzima bwinyamaswa. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibintu bibabaje byatewe n’umusaruro w’ubwoya mu gihe ushakisha inzira zifatika zo guhangana n’ubugome no guharanira impinduka

Ubworozi bw'uruganda, buzwi kandi nk'ubuhinzi mu nganda, bwabaye ihame mu musaruro w'ibiribwa ku isi. Nubwo ishobora gusezeranya gukora neza nigiciro gito, ukuri kwinyamanswa mumirima yinganda ntakintu na kimwe giteye ubwoba. Ingurube, zikunze gufatwa nkibiremwa bifite ubwenge buhanitse kandi byimibereho, bihanganira bimwe mubikorwa byubugome nubumuntu muri ibi bigo. Iyi ngingo izasesengura uburyo butandatu bwubugome bwingurube zikoreshwa nabi mumirima yinganda, bikamurikira ubugome bwihishe bubera inyuma yumuryango. Ibisanduku byo gusama Gahunda yo korora amatungo kubiryo nimwe mubikorwa bikoreshwa cyane mubuhinzi bwinganda. Ingurube z'abagore, zizwi ku izina rya "kubiba," zikoreshwa mu buhinzi bw'uruganda cyane cyane ku bushobozi bw'imyororokere. Izi nyamaswa zatewe inshuro nyinshi binyuze mu gutera intanga, bigatuma havuka imyanda ishobora kubara ingurube zigera kuri 12 icyarimwe. Iyi myororokere yitonze…

Ibikomoka ku bimera ntibirenze guhitamo imirire - ni umuryango ukomeye uharanira imibereho y’inyamaswa, ibidukikije, ndetse n’ubuzima bwiza. Kubera ko ubuhinzi bw’uruganda bwiganje ku musaruro w’ibiribwa ku isi, ingaruka mbi z’inyamaswa, urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, n’ubuzima rusange byateje impaka zihutirwa. Inyamaswa zihanganira imibabaro idashoboka mu bihe byuzuye mu gihe inganda zigira uruhare mu gutema amashyamba, imihindagurikire y’ikirere, n’umwanda. Kwakira ibikomoka ku bimera bitanga ubundi buryo bwimpuhwe zirwanya ibyo bikorwa bibi. Iyi ngingo irasobanura isano iri hagati y’ibikomoka ku bimera n’imibereho y’inyamaswa, yerekana uburyo ubuzima bushingiye ku bimera bushobora kurwanya ubugome mu buhinzi bw’uruganda mu gihe buteza imbere ejo hazaza h’ibinyabuzima byose.

Inganda zerekana imideli zimaze igihe kinini ziterwa no guhanga udushya no gushimisha ubwiza, nyamara inyuma ya bimwe mubicuruzwa byiza cyane, amarorerwa yihishe akomeje. Uruhu, ubwoya, nibindi bikoresho bikomoka ku nyamaswa bikoreshwa mu myambaro n'ibikoresho ntibigira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije gusa ahubwo binagira ubugome bukabije ku nyamaswa. Iyi ngingo iracengera mubugome bucece burangwa no gukora iyi myenda, isuzuma inzira zirimo n'ingaruka zabyo ku nyamaswa, ibidukikije, ndetse n’umuguzi. Uruhu: Uruhu ni kimwe mu bikoresho bya kera kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu bikomoka ku nyamaswa mu nganda zerekana imideli. Kugira ngo habeho uruhu, inyamaswa nk'inka, ihene, n'ingurube zifatwa nabi. Akenshi, izo nyamaswa zororerwa ahantu hafunzwe, zikamburwa imyitwarire karemano, kandi zigapfa. Igikorwa cyo gutwika uruhu kirimo kandi imiti yangiza, yangiza ibidukikije nubuzima. Byongeye kandi, ubworozi bujyanye no gukora uruhu bugira uruhare runini…

Ibisanduku byo gusama ku ngurube ni umuco utavugwaho rumwe cyane mu bworozi bwa kijyambere. Iyi myanya mito, ifunzwe ikoreshwa mu kubamo ingurube, cyangwa kubiba, mugihe batwite. Imyitozo yateje impaka zishingiye ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, kuko akenshi zitera umubabaro mwinshi ku mubiri no mu mutwe ku nyamaswa zirimo. Iyi ngingo irasobanura neza ibisanduku byo gusama aribyo, impamvu bikoreshwa mubuhinzi bwinganda, nibibazo byimyitwarire bazamura. Ibisanduku byo gusama ni iki? Ibisanduku byo gusama, byitwa kandi aho babiba, ni bito, bifungiwe mu cyuma cyangwa insinga zagenewe gufata ingurube zitwite (kubiba) mu buhinzi bw’inganda. Utwo dusanduku twakozwe mu buryo bwihariye kugira ngo tubuze imbuto igihe atwite, bitanga umwanya muto wo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ubusanzwe gupima uburebure butarenze metero ebyiri z'ubugari na metero zirindwi z'uburebure, igishushanyo ni gito, nkana kubiba umwanya uhagije wo guhagarara cyangwa kubeshya…

Kwipimisha inyamaswa bimaze igihe kinini bivugwaho rumwe, hamwe n’impungenge nyinshi ku bijyanye n’imyitwarire n’imibabaro yatewe n’inyamaswa. Ibi bizamini bikorerwa mubice bitandukanye nkubuvuzi, kwisiga, numutekano wimiti. Mu gihe bamwe bavuga ko gupima inyamaswa ari ngombwa kugira ngo habeho iterambere mu bumenyi, abandi bemeza ko bitera ingaruka mbi ku biremwa bifite imyumvire. Iyi ngingo igamije kumenya ubwoko bwipimisha inyamaswa, imibabaro irimo, hamwe n’imyitwarire ikikije imyitozo. Ubwoko bwo Kwipimisha Amavuta yo kwisiga: Amasosiyete yo kwisiga yakoresheje amateka yo gupima inyamaswa kugirango amenye umutekano wibicuruzwa byabo. Inkwavu, ingurube, n'imbeba zikoreshwa kenshi mu kurwara uruhu, kurakara amaso, no gupima uburozi. Ibi bizamini byateguwe kugirango bipime uburyo ibicuruzwa nka shampo, amavuta yo kwisiga, hamwe na maquillage bigira ingaruka kumubiri wamaso n'amaso. Nubwo hari intambwe iganisha ku bundi buryo bwo kwipimisha, uturere tumwe na tumwe twemerera kwipimisha inyamaswa zo kwisiga. Kwipimisha Uburozi: Ibizamini byuburozi ni…

Inganda zo kwisiga zimaze igihe zishingiye ku gupima inyamaswa mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano w’ibicuruzwa. Nyamara, iyi myitozo yaje gukurikiranwa cyane, itera impungenge imyitwarire nibibazo bikenewe muri iki gihe. Ubuvugizi bugenda bwiyongera kubwiza butagira ubugome bugaragaza impinduka zabaturage mubikorwa byinshi byubumuntu kandi birambye. Iyi ngingo iracengera mumateka yo gupima inyamaswa, imiterere yubu yumutekano wo kwisiga, no kuzamuka kwubundi buryo butarangwamo ubugome. Ibitekerezo byamateka kubijyanye no gupima inyamaswa Kwipimisha amatungo mu kwisiga birashobora guhera mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 igihe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa byita ku muntu wabaye ikibazo cy’ubuzima rusange. Muri kiriya gihe, kutagira protocole y’umutekano isanzwe byateje ibibazo byinshi by’ubuzima, bituma inzego n’ubuyobozi n’amasosiyete bifata ibizamini by’inyamaswa mu rwego rwo kwirinda. Ibizamini, nk'ikizamini cy'amaso ya Draize hamwe n'ibizamini byo kurwara uruhu, byakozwe kugira ngo hamenyekane uburakari n'uburozi by…