Ubugome bwinyamaswa - Humane Foundation

Ubugome bwinyamaswa bukubiyemo ibikorwa byinshi aho inyamaswa zikorerwa kutitabwaho, gukoreshwa, no kugirira nabi nkana intego zabantu. Kuva ku bugome bwo guhinga uruganda nuburyo bwo kubaga ubumuntu kugeza kububabare bwihishe inyuma yinganda zidagadura, gukora imyenda, nubushakashatsi, ubugome bugaragarira muburyo butabarika mu nganda n’umuco. Akenshi byihishe mubitekerezo rusange, ibyo bikorwa birasanzwe gufata nabi ibiremwa bifite imyumvire, bikagabanuka kubicuruzwa aho kubimenya nkabantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kumva ububabare, ubwoba, nibyishimo.
Gukomeza ubugome bwinyamaswa bikomoka kumigenzo, inganda zishingiye ku nyungu, no kutita kubantu. Ibikorwa byubuhinzi bukomeye, nkurugero, shyira imbere umusaruro kuruta imibereho, kugabanya inyamaswa kubice byumusaruro. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, gukenera ibicuruzwa nk'ubwoya, uruhu rutangaje, cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga yapimwe ninyamaswa bikomeza uruzinduko rwo kwirengagiza ko habaho ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu. Iyi myitozo igaragaza ubusumbane hagati yubworoherane bwabantu nuburenganzira bwinyamaswa zo kubaho zidafite imibabaro idakenewe.
Iki gice kirasuzuma ingaruka nini zubugome burenze ibikorwa byabantu kugiti cyabo, byerekana uburyo kwemerwa numuco numuco bikomeza inganda zubakiye kubibi. Irashimangira kandi imbaraga z'igikorwa cya buri muntu hamwe na hamwe - uhereye ku buvugizi bw'amategeko akomeye no guhitamo abaguzi b'imyitwarire - mu guhangana na sisitemu. Gukemura ubugome bwinyamaswa ntabwo ari ukurinda ibiremwa bifite intege nke gusa ahubwo ni no gusobanura inshingano zacu zumuco no gushiraho ejo hazaza aho impuhwe nubutabera biyobora imikoranire yacu nibinyabuzima byose.

Buri mwaka, inyamaswa zirenga miliyoni 100 zihanganira imibabaro idashoboka muri laboratoire ku isi, bigatuma impaka zigenda ziyongera ku bijyanye n’imyitwarire n’ibikenewe kwipimisha inyamaswa. Kuva muburozi bwa chimique bwangiza kugeza uburyo butera, ibyo biremwa bifite imyumvire bikorerwa mubuzima bwa kimuntu bitwaje iterambere ryubumenyi. Nyamara, hamwe niterambere mu bundi buryo butarangwamo ubugome nko mu gupima vitro no kwigana mudasobwa bitanga ibisubizo nyabyo kandi by’ubumuntu, gukomeza kwishingikiriza ku bushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa zishaje bitera kwibaza ibibazo byihutirwa bijyanye n’imyitwarire, agaciro ka siyansi, n’ingaruka ku bidukikije. Iyi ngingo irasesengura ukuri gukomeye kwipimisha inyamaswa mugihe hagaragajwe intambwe zifatika dushobora gutera kugirango duhangane nubushakashatsi bwimyitwarire irinda inyamaswa nubuzima bwabantu

Ibagiro ni ahantu inyamaswa zitunganyirizwa inyama nibindi bicuruzwa bikomoka ku nyamaswa. Mugihe abantu benshi batazi inzira zirambuye na tekiniki zibera muribi bigo, hariho ibintu bikaze byihishe inyuma yibintu bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku nyamaswa zirimo. Kurenga ku mubare w'umubiri, bigaragara, inyamaswa ziri mu ibagiro nazo zigira akababaro gakomeye k'amarangamutima ndetse na psychologiya, akenshi usanga yirengagizwa. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza amarangamutima n’imyumvire ku nyamaswa ziri mu ibagiro, isuzuma uburyo imyitwarire yabo n’imitekerereze bigira ingaruka n’ingaruka nini ku mibereho y’inyamaswa. Imiterere Imbere mu Bagiro n’ingaruka zabyo ku mibereho y’inyamaswa Ibihe biri mu ibagiro bikunze kuba bibi kandi bitagira ubumuntu, bigatuma inyamaswa zikurikirana ibintu bibi cyane bitangira kera mbere y’urupfu rwabo. Ibi bikoresho, byateguwe cyane cyane kubikorwa no kunguka, ni akajagari, birenze, kandi bitesha umuntu agaciro, bigatera ibidukikije biteye ubwoba inyamaswa. Kwisobanura kumubiri no kugenda kugarukira…

Kuva kera cyane, umugani uvuga ko amafi adashobora kumva ububabare byagaragaje ubugome bukabije mu kuroba no mu bworozi bw'amafi. Nyamara, ibimenyetso byinshi bya siyansi byerekana ukuri gutandukanye cyane: amafi afite imiterere yimitsi ndetse nigisubizo cyimyitwarire ikenewe muguhura nububabare, ubwoba, numubabaro. Kuva mu bucuruzi bw’uburobyi butera imibabaro igihe kirekire kugeza kuri gahunda y’ubuhinzi bw’amafi yuzuyemo ibibazo n’indwara, amamiliyaridi y’amafi yihanganira ingaruka zitavugwa buri mwaka. Iyi ngingo yibanda ku bumenyi bwihishe inyuma y’amafi, iragaragaza amakosa y’imyitwarire y’inganda, kandi idusaba kongera gutekereza ku mibanire yacu n’ubuzima bwo mu mazi - irasaba guhitamo impuhwe zishyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kuruta kuyikoresha.

Inganda zo gusiganwa ku mafarasi nububabare bwinyamaswa kubwimyidagaduro yabantu. Irushanwa ry'amafarashi rikunda gukundwa nka siporo ishimishije no kwerekana ubufatanye bw'abantu n'inyamaswa. Nyamara, munsi yicyubahiro cyacyo hari ukuri kwubugome no gukoreshwa. Ifarashi, ibiremwa bifite ubushobozi bushobora kugira ububabare n'amarangamutima, bikorerwa imyitozo ishyira imbere inyungu kuruta imibereho yabo. Dore zimwe mu mpamvu zingenzi zituma gusiganwa ku mafarasi ari ubugome busanzwe: Ingaruka zica mu gusiganwa ku mafarashi zerekana amafarashi ibyago byinshi byo gukomeretsa, akenshi biganisha ku ngaruka zikomeye kandi rimwe na rimwe zikaba ari ibyago, harimo ihahamuka nko kuvunika amajosi, amaguru yavunitse, cyangwa izindi nkomere zangiza ubuzima. Iyo izo nkomere zibaye, euthanasiya yihutirwa akenshi niyo nzira yonyine, kuko imiterere ya anatomy ituma gukira ibikomere nkibi bitoroshye, niba bidashoboka. Ibibazo bitondekanye cyane ku mafarashi mu nganda zo gusiganwa, aho imibereho yabo ikunze gufata umwanya wo kunguka kandi…

Ubuhinzi bwuruganda bwiganjemo umusaruro wibiribwa ku isi, nyamara birengagiza gahunda yinyamaswa - ibiremwa bifite ubushobozi bwamarangamutima, ububabare, nubusabane. Ingurube zikemura ibibazo, inka zibabajwe n’inyana zazo, hamwe ninkoko zigaragaza ubushishozi zigabanywa ku bicuruzwa mu nganda zirangwa n’ubucucike bwinshi, gutemagurwa nta anesteya, hamwe n’ibikorwa bibabaza. Uku kugenzura imyitwarire ikomeza imibabaro myinshi mugihe havutse ibibazo byimbitse byerekeranye nuburyo abantu bafata ubuzima bwimyumvire. Mu kumenya ibyiyumvo byinyamanswa no kwakira ubundi buryo nkibiryo bishingiye ku bimera cyangwa inyama zahinzwe, dushobora guhangana nuburyo bukoreshwa kandi tugateza imbere uburyo bwa kimuntu bwo gutanga umusaruro.

Ubworozi bw'uruganda, sisitemu yagenewe gukora neza, yahinduye ubworozi bw'ingurube inzira ikunze kutita ku mibereho y’inyamaswa. Inyuma yinzugi zifunze zibi bikorwa haribintu byukuri byubugome nububabare. Ingurube, inyamaswa zifite ubwenge cyane n’imibereho, zikorerwa ibikorwa byubumuntu bishyira imbere inyungu kuruta imibereho yabo. Hano, turagaragaza bimwe mubintu bitangaje kandi bivura ingurube zororerwa kwihanganira imirima yinganda. Ubusobanuro bugufi: Ubuzima bwo kudahangarwa nububabare Kimwe mubintu bibangamiye ubworozi bwingurube ni ugufunga imbuto, cyangwa ingurube zororoka, mubisanduku byo gutwita - ibyuma bifunze byerekana ububi bwubuhinzi bwuruganda. Utwo dusanduku nini cyane kuruta ingurube ubwazo, akenshi zipima metero 2 z'ubugari na metero 7 z'uburebure, ku buryo bidashoboka ko inyamaswa zidahindukira, kurambura, cyangwa kuryama neza. Imbuto zimara hafi ubuzima bwabo bwose…

Mu gicucu cy’ubuhinzi bw’uruganda, ikibazo cyihishe kibera munsi y’amazi - amafi, ibiremwa bifite ubwenge kandi bifite ubwenge, bihanganira imibabaro idashoboka mucecetse. Mu gihe ibiganiro byerekeranye n'imibereho y’inyamaswa bikunze kwibanda ku nyamaswa zo ku butaka, gukoresha amafi binyuze mu burobyi bw’inganda n’ubuhinzi bw’amafi bikomeje kwirengagizwa. Bafatiwe mu bihe byuzuye kandi bahura n’imiti yangiza no kwangiza ibidukikije, ibyo biremwa bihura nubugome budashira butamenyekana nabaguzi benshi. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza impungenge zishingiye ku myitwarire, ingaruka z’ibidukikije, no guhamagarira byihutirwa ko amafi akwiye kurindwa n’impuhwe muri gahunda zacu zibyo kurya. Impinduka itangirana no kumenya - reka tuzane ibibazo byabo mubitekerezo

Ubuhinzi bwa Octopus, igisubizo cy’ibikenerwa n’ibikomoka ku nyanja, byateje impaka zikomeye ku bijyanye n’imyitwarire n’ibidukikije. Iyi cephalopode ishimishije ntabwo ihabwa agaciro gusa kubwo guteka kwabo ahubwo inubahwa kubwubwenge bwabo, ubushobozi bwo gukemura ibibazo, hamwe nimbaraga zamarangamutima - imico itera kwibaza ibibazo bikomeye kubijyanye na morale yo kubafungira muburyo bwo guhinga. Kuva ku mpungenge z’imibereho y’inyamaswa kugeza ku buryo bwagutse bwo guharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa zo mu nyanja, iyi ngingo iragaragaza ingorane zikikije ubworozi bw’amafi ya octopus. Iyo dusuzumye ingaruka zabyo ku bidukikije, kugereranya n’ubuhinzi bushingiye ku butaka, no guhamagarira abantu gufata neza abantu, duhura n’ibikenewe byihutirwa gushyira mu gaciro ibyo abantu bakoresha mu bijyanye n’ubuzima bwo mu nyanja.

Ihohoterwa ry’inyamaswa nikibazo cyingutu cyapfukiranwe guceceka igihe kirekire. Mu gihe sosiyete yarushijeho kumenya imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa n’uburenganzira, amarorerwa abera inyuma y’imiryango ifunze mu mirima y’uruganda akomeje guhishwa cyane na rubanda. Gufata nabi no gukoresha inyamaswa muri ibyo bigo byabaye akamenyero mu gukurikirana umusaruro n’inyungu. Nyamara, imibabaro yibi biremwa byinzirakarengane ntishobora kwirengagizwa ukundi. Igihe kirageze cyo guceceka no kumurika ukuri guhungabanya ihohoterwa ry’inyamaswa mu mirima y’uruganda. Iyi ngingo izacengera mu isi yijimye yo guhinga uruganda no gucukumbura uburyo butandukanye bwo guhohoterwa bugaragara muri ibyo bigo. Kuva ku gufata nabi umubiri no mubitekerezo kugeza kutita kubikenewe byibanze nubuzima, tuzagaragaza ukuri gukomeye inyamaswa zihanganira muruganda. Byongeye kandi, tuzaganira kuri…

Injira mwisi yihishe mubuhinzi bwinganda hamwe na * Isambu kugeza Frigo: Ukuri Inyuma Yumusaruro Winyama *. James Cromwell watowe na Oscar, iyi documentaire yiminota 12 yerekana ibintu bibi byahuye n’inyamaswa mu mirima y’uruganda, mu bworozi, no mu ibagiro. Binyuze mu mashusho akomeye n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe, butanga ibisobanuro ku bikorwa byihishwa by’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa, harimo n’uburyo butemewe n'amategeko mu mirima y’Ubwongereza no kugenzura bike. Umutungo wingenzi mukuzamura imyumvire, iyi firime irwanya imyumvire, ikongeza ibiganiro byerekeranye nimyitwarire yibiribwa, kandi ishishikarizwa guhindura impuhwe no kubazwa uburyo dufata inyamaswa.