Ubugome bwinyamaswa - Humane Foundation

Ubugome bwinyamaswa bukubiyemo ibikorwa byinshi aho inyamaswa zikorerwa kutitabwaho, gukoreshwa, no kugirira nabi nkana intego zabantu. Kuva ku bugome bwo guhinga uruganda nuburyo bwo kubaga ubumuntu kugeza kububabare bwihishe inyuma yinganda zidagadura, gukora imyenda, nubushakashatsi, ubugome bugaragarira muburyo butabarika mu nganda n’umuco. Akenshi byihishe mubitekerezo rusange, ibyo bikorwa birasanzwe gufata nabi ibiremwa bifite imyumvire, bikagabanuka kubicuruzwa aho kubimenya nkabantu bafite ubushobozi bwo kumva ububabare, ubwoba, nibyishimo.
Gukomeza ubugome bwinyamaswa bikomoka kumigenzo, inganda zishingiye ku nyungu, no kutita kubantu. Ibikorwa byubuhinzi bukomeye, nkurugero, shyira imbere umusaruro kuruta imibereho, kugabanya inyamaswa kubice byumusaruro. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, gukenera ibicuruzwa nk'ubwoya, uruhu rutangaje, cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga yapimwe ninyamaswa bikomeza uruzinduko rwo kwirengagiza ko habaho ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu. Iyi myitozo igaragaza ubusumbane hagati yubworoherane bwabantu nuburenganzira bwinyamaswa zo kubaho zidafite imibabaro idakenewe.
Iki gice kirasuzuma ingaruka nini zubugome burenze ibikorwa byabantu kugiti cyabo, byerekana uburyo kwemerwa numuco numuco bikomeza inganda zubakiye kubibi. Irashimangira kandi imbaraga z'igikorwa cya buri muntu hamwe na hamwe - uhereye ku buvugizi bw'amategeko akomeye no guhitamo abaguzi b'imyitwarire - mu guhangana na sisitemu. Gukemura ubugome bwinyamaswa ntabwo ari ukurinda ibiremwa bifite intege nke gusa ahubwo ni no gusobanura inshingano zacu zumuco no gushiraho ejo hazaza aho impuhwe nubutabera biyobora imikoranire yacu nibinyabuzima byose.

Inkwavu zikunze kugaragazwa nkikimenyetso cyinzirakarengane nubupfura, gushushanya amakarita yo kubasuhuza hamwe nibitabo byabana. Nyamara, inyuma yuru ruhande rwiza hari ukuri gukabije kuri miliyoni zinkwavu zahinzwe kwisi yose. Izi nyamaswa zibabazwa cyane mwizina ryinyungu, ibibazo byabo akenshi birengagizwa hagati yinsanganyamatsiko yagutse ku mibereho yinyamaswa. Iyi nyandiko igamije kumurika ububabare bwibagiwe ninkwavu zahinzwe, gusuzuma imiterere bihanganira ningaruka zimyitwarire yabyo. Ubuzima Kamere bw'Inkwavu Inkwavu, nk'inyamaswa zihiga, zahinduye imyitwarire yihariye n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere kugira ngo ibeho aho ituye. Nibimera cyane cyane ibyatsi, birisha ibimera bitandukanye, kandi birakora cyane mugitondo na nimugoroba kugirango birinde inyamaswa zangiza. Iyo hejuru yubutaka, inkwavu zigaragaza imyitwarire yo kuba maso, nko kwicara ku maguru yinyuma kugirango isuzume akaga no kwishingikiriza ku myumvire yabo ikaze y’impumuro na peripheri…

Ubwoya bumaze igihe kinini buvuga kimwe no guhumurizwa no kwinezeza, ariko munsi yacyo yoroheje hari ukuri gukomeye abaguzi benshi batabizi. Inganda zubwoya, zikunze gukundwa mubukangurambaga bwo kwamamaza, zuzuyemo ibikorwa byo guhohotera inyamaswa ndetse n’imikorere idahwitse ishyira imbere inyungu kuruta imibereho myiza yintama. Kuva mubikorwa bibabaza nko kwikinisha kugeza mubikorwa byubugizi bwa nabi bwo kogoshesha, izi nyamaswa zoroheje zihanganira imibabaro idashoboka mu nganda zubakiwe. Iyi ngingo iracengera mubugome bwihishe inyuma yubwoya bwintama, bugaragaza ihohoterwa ryimyitwarire, impungenge z’ibidukikije, hamwe n’ibikenewe byihutirwa by’impuhwe. Muguhishura uku kuri guteye ubwoba, tugamije guha imbaraga abasomyi guhitamo neza no kunganira ejo hazaza heza - kuko nta mwenda ukwiye ubuzima bwububabare.

Ihene y’amata ikunze kugaragazwa nkikimenyetso cyumutuzo w’abashumba, kurisha mu bwisanzure mu murima utoshye. Ariko, ukuri kwihishe inyuma yiyi shusho idiliki irakabije. Munsi yubuso bwamata yihene azwi neza hariho isi yihishe yubugome no gukoreshwa. Kuva mu bworozi bwororerwa no konsa hakiri kare kugeza kuvanaho amahembe kubabaza hamwe nubuzima bwuzuye, ihene y’amata yihanganira imibabaro myinshi kugirango ishobore gukenera inganda. Iri perereza ryerekanye ukuri gukomeye mu mibereho yabo, rirwanya imyumvire itari yo ku bijyanye n’umusaruro w’amata y’amata kandi ugasaba abakiriya kongera gutekereza ku byo bahisemo kugira ngo ejo hazaza harangwe impuhwe

Urugendo ruva mu murima rugana ku ibagiro ni ikibazo kibabaje cy’inyamanswa miriyoni buri mwaka, kigaragaza umwijima utagaragara mu nganda z’inyama. Inyuma y’amashusho yamamaza isuku iri inyuma yukuri: inyamaswa zihanganira ubucucike bwinshi, ubushyuhe bukabije, ihohoterwa ryumubiri, nububabare bumara igihe cyo gutwara. Kuva ku makamyo magufi kugeza ku mato adahumeka neza, ibyo biremwa bifite imyumvire bihura n'imihangayiko idashoboka ndetse no kutitabwaho - akenshi bikabaviramo gukomeretsa cyangwa gupfa mbere yuko bigera aho bijya. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ubugome bukabije bwinjizwa mu bwikorezi bw’inyamaswa kandi burasaba ko habaho ivugurura ryihutirwa kugira ngo impuhwe zishyirwe imbere.

Uburobyi bukunze kugaragara nkimyidagaduro yamahoro cyangwa isoko yingenzi yibiribwa, ariko ingaruka zayo kumibereho yinyanja ivuga inkuru itandukanye. Uburobyi bwombi bwidagadura nubucuruzi butera amafi nandi matungo yo mu mazi guhangayika cyane, gukomeretsa, nububabare. Kuva mubugome bwihishe bwuburyo bwo gufata no kurekura kugeza kurimbuka rinini ryatewe no gukurura, ibyo bikorwa ntabwo byangiza amoko yibasiwe gusa ahubwo binangiza nabandi batabarika binyuze mubikoresho byabitswe. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza impungenge zijyanye nuburobyi mugihe hagaragajwe ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu burinda ubuzima bwinyanja kandi buteza imbere kubana na kamere

Ibisanduku byo gusama, akazu kagufi gakoreshwa mu bworozi bw'ingurube, bishushanya ubugome bw'ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere. Gufata imbuto zitwite ahantu hato cyane kuburyo zidashobora guhindukira, utuzitiro dutera ububabare bukabije bwumubiri nububabare bwamarangamutima ku nyamaswa zifite ubwenge, zisabana. Kuva ibibazo byubuzima byangirika kugeza ibimenyetso byububabare bukabije bwo mumitekerereze, gesta yambuye imbuto kuburenganzira bwabo bwibanze bwo kugenda no kwitwara neza. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ukuri gukomeye inyuma yibi bikorwa, irasobanura ingaruka zishingiye ku myitwarire yabo, kandi isaba ko hajyaho uburyo bw’ubuhinzi bw’impuhwe kandi burambye bushyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kuruta inyungu zishingiye ku nyungu.

Ubworozi bw'uruganda bwabaye uburyo bwiganje mu gutanga inyama, bitewe no gukenera inyama zihenze kandi nyinshi. Ariko, inyuma yorohereza inyama zakozwe na benshi hari ukuri kwijimye kwubugome bwinyamaswa nububabare. Kimwe mu bintu bibabaza cyane mu buhinzi bw’uruganda ni ifungwa ry’ubugome ryihanganwe na miliyoni z’inyamaswa mbere yo kubagwa. Iyi nyandiko iragaragaza imiterere yubumuntu ihura ninyamaswa zororerwa mu ruganda ningaruka zifatika zifungwa. Kumenya inyamaswa zororerwa Izi nyamaswa, akenshi zororerwa kubwinyama, amata, amagi, zigaragaza imyitwarire idasanzwe kandi ifite ibyo ikeneye bitandukanye. Dore incamake yinyamanswa zimwe na zimwe zororerwa: Inka, kimwe nimbwa dukunda, zishimira gutungwa no gushaka imibanire ninyamaswa bagenzi bacu. Aho batuye, bakunze kugirana umubano urambye nizindi nka, bisa nubucuti burigihe. Byongeye kandi, bakundana cyane nabagize amashyo yabo, bakerekana akababaro iyo…

Amafi ni ibiremwa byiyumvamo ubushobozi bwo kumva ububabare, ukuri kurushijeho kwemezwa nibimenyetso bya siyansi bikuraho imyizerere ishaje. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, inganda z’amafi n’ibikomoka ku nyanja akenshi birengagiza akababaro kabo. Kuva mu bworozi bw'amafi magufi kugeza ku buryo bwo kubaga bunyamaswa, amafi atabarika yihanganira akababaro gakomeye kandi akangiza ubuzima bwabo bwose. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ukuri inyuma y’ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja - gusuzuma ubumenyi bw’imyumvire y’ububabare bw’amafi, imbogamizi zishingiye ku myitwarire y’ubuhinzi bwimbitse, n’ingaruka ku bidukikije bifitanye isano n’inganda. Irahamagarira abasomyi kongera gutekereza kubyo bahisemo no kunganira inzira zubumuntu kandi zirambye mubuzima bwamazi

Mu gicucu cy’ubuhinzi bw’inganda harabeshya ukuri: gufunga ubugome bwinkoko mu kato. Uru ruzitiro rugufi, rwagenewe gusa kongera umusaruro w'amagi, rwambura amamiriyoni y'inkoko umudendezo w’ibanze kandi ubakorerwa imibabaro idashoboka. Kuva kurwara skeletale no gukomeretsa ibirenge kugeza kubibazo bya psychologiya biterwa nubucucike bukabije, umubare wibi biremwa biratangaje. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ingaruka zishingiye ku myitwarire no gukwirakwira kwinshi mu bubiko bwa batiri mu gihe haharanira ko habaho ivugurura ryihuse mu buhinzi bw’inkoko. Mugihe ubukangurambaga bwabaguzi bugenda bwiyongera, niko amahirwe yo gusaba ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu - gutangiza ejo hazaza aho imibereho yinyamanswa ifata umwanya munini kuruta inyungu zishingiye ku nyungu.

Inkongoro n'ingagi hasi, akenshi bifitanye isano no guhumurizwa no kwinezeza, bihisha ukuri gukabije kubabazwa ninyamaswa. Inyuma yubugwaneza hari inganda zubugome ziyobora inkongoro na za gasegereti kugirango zibeho guhinga, ibihe byuzuye, no kwangiza ibidukikije. Izi nyoni zubwenge, zizwiho guhuza amarangamutima nubushobozi budasanzwe, zikwiye cyane kuruta gukoresha imideli cyangwa uburiri. Iyi ngingo itanga urumuri ku mwijima wumusaruro muke mugihe uharanira ubundi buryo butarangwamo ubugome no kwerekana ibirango byiyemeje imyitwarire. Menya uburyo guhitamo neza bishobora kurinda imibereho yinyamaswa no guteza imbere ubuzima burambye