Ibibazo - Humane Foundation

Igice cya "Ibibazo" gitanga urumuri ku buryo bwagutse kandi bukunze guhishwa imibabaro inyamaswa zihanganira mu isi ishingiye ku bantu. Ibi ntabwo ari ibikorwa byubugome gusa ahubwo nibimenyetso bya sisitemu nini - ishingiye kumigenzo, kuborohereza, ninyungu - isanzwe ikoreshwa kandi ikabuza inyamaswa uburenganzira bwabo bwibanze. Kuva mu ibagiro ry’inganda kugeza ku bibuga by'imyidagaduro, kuva mu kasho ka laboratoire kugeza ku nganda z’imyenda, inyamaswa zigirirwa nabi akenshi usanga zifite isuku, zititaweho, cyangwa zifite ishingiro n’umuco.
Buri cyiciro muriki gice kigaragaza urwego rutandukanye rwibyangiritse. Turasuzuma amahano yo kwica no kwifungisha, imibabaro iri inyuma yubwoya nimyambarire, hamwe nihungabana inyamaswa zihura nazo mugihe cyo gutwara. Duhanganye n'ingaruka z'ubuhinzi bwo mu ruganda, ikiguzi cy'imyitwarire yo gupima inyamaswa, no gukoresha inyamaswa muri sirusi, pariki, na parike zo mu nyanja. Ndetse no mu ngo zacu, inyamaswa nyinshi ziherekeza zihura n’uburangare, guhohoterwa, cyangwa gutereranwa. Kandi mwishamba, inyamaswa zirimurwa, zirahigwa, kandi ziracuruzwa - akenshi mwizina ryinyungu cyangwa ibyoroshye.
Muguhishura ibyo bibazo, turatumira gutekereza, inshingano, no guhinduka. Ntabwo ari ubugome gusa - ahubwo ni uburyo amahitamo yacu, imigenzo, ninganda byashizeho umuco wo kuganza abatishoboye. Gusobanukirwa ubwo buryo nintambwe yambere yo kubisenya - no kubaka isi aho impuhwe, ubutabera, no kubana biyobora umubano wacu nibinyabuzima byose.

Nubwo guhiga byigeze kuba igice cyingenzi mubuzima bwabantu, cyane cyane mumyaka 100.000 ishize mugihe abantu ba mbere bashingiraga guhiga ibiryo, uruhare rwarwo muri iki gihe ruratandukanye cyane. Muri societe ya none, guhiga byahindutse cyane cyane ibikorwa byo kwidagadura bikabije aho gukenera ibibatunga. Kubenshi mubahiga, ntabwo bikiri uburyo bwo kubaho ahubwo ni uburyo bwo kwidagadura bukunze kwangiza inyamaswa bitari ngombwa. Impamvu zitera guhiga muri iki gihe zisanzwe ziterwa no kwinezeza kugiti cyawe, gushaka ibikombe, cyangwa gushaka kwitabira imigenzo ya kera, aho gukenera ibiryo. Mubyukuri, guhiga byagize ingaruka mbi ku baturage b’inyamaswa ku isi. Yagize uruhare runini mu kuzimangana kw'ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, hamwe n'ingero zigaragara zirimo ingwe ya Tasimani na auk nini, abaturage bayo bakaba bararimbuwe n'ubukorikori. Uku kuzimangana guteye kwibutsa kwibutsa…

Inyamaswa zo mu muhanda zishobora kureshya abagenzi n'amasezerano yo guhura hafi n’inyamaswa zishimwa, ariko inyuma ya façade hari ukuri gukabije. Ibi bintu nyaburanga bidakurikiranwa bikoresha inyamanswa mu nyungu, zifunga inyamaswa ahantu hafunganye, hatarimo ingumba zidashobora guhaza ibyo bakeneye by'ibanze. Bapfunditswe nk'imbaraga zo kwigisha cyangwa kubungabunga ibidukikije, bakomeza ubugome binyuze mu bworozi bw'agahato, kubitaho, no kubeshya. Kuva ku nyamaswa z’abana zitandukanijwe cyane na ba nyina kugeza ku bantu bakuru bihanganira ubuzima bwabo bwose, ibyo bigo byerekana ko hakenewe byihutirwa ubukerarugendo bw’imyitwarire bushyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kuruta imyidagaduro.

Urugendo rushobora kuba inzira ikomeye yo guhuza isi, ariko ni ngombwa gusuzuma ingaruka zayo ku nyamaswa n'ibidukikije. Ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku myitwarire butanga amahirwe yo gucukumbura neza muguhitamo impuhwe zirinda inyamanswa, guteza imbere kuramba, no kubahiriza imico yaho. Kuva mu kwirinda ibikorwa bikoreshwa nko kugendera ku nyamaswa no gufata amafoto kugeza gushyigikira urwibutso rutagira ubugome no kurya bishingiye ku bimera, iki gitabo gitanga inama zifatika kubagenzi batekereza. Mugushira imbere ineza mubitekerezo byawe, urashobora gukora ibintu bitazibagirana byubaha inyamaswa kandi bigafasha kubungabunga umubumbe wacu ibisekuruza bizaza.

Umubano wacu ninyamaswa urangwa no kwivuguruza gukomeye, gushingiye kumico gakondo, gutekereza kubitekerezo, no guhuza amarangamutima. Kuva mu matungo akunzwe atanga ubusabane n'amatungo yororerwa ibiryo cyangwa ibiremwa bikoreshwa mu myidagaduro, uburyo tubona kandi dufata inyamaswa bugaragaza imikoranire igoye yo kubaha no gukoreshwa. Iyi myumvire ivuguruzanya iraduhatira guhangana n’ingorabahizi zishingiye ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, kuramba, ndetse n’ibinyabuzima - bidutera gutekereza cyane ku kuntu amahitamo yacu agira ingaruka ku buzima bwa buri muntu ndetse n’isi muri rusange?

Inyoni ni ibiremwa bikurura bizwi kubera amabara meza, indirimbo zitoroshye, hamwe na kamere yo gukina. Mu binyejana byashize, abantu barabashimye, akenshi babigumana nk'amatungo mu kato. Ariko rero, kugumisha inyoni mu kato biramenyekana ko byangiza ubuzima bwabo, biganisha ku mubabaro ku mubiri no mu mutwe. Iyi ngingo irasobanura impamvu kugumisha inyoni mu kato byangiza ubuzima bwabo n’ibyishimo, ikanasobanura ingaruka zikomeye zo kwifungisha ku myitwarire yabo isanzwe, imibanire myiza, n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Ubuzima Kamere bwinyoni: Isi Yubwisanzure nubusabane Mubusozi, inyoni ni ibiremwa byimibereho cyane, bikozwe muburyo bwimiterere yibidukikije. Ntabwo ari ibiremwa byonyine ahubwo bitera imbere mumiryango ifite imbaraga, ifitanye isano ibafasha kumarangamutima no mumubiri. Bitandukanye no kubaho kwonyine inyoni nyinshi zifunze zihura nazo, bagenzi babo bo mwishyamba bakora ubumwe bukomeye, ubuzima bwabo bwose hamwe nabakunzi babo, bigatuma habaho urusobe rwimibanire…

Ihohoterwa ry’inyamanswa ni ikibazo gikomeye kandi kibabaje gifata uburyo butandukanye, uhereye ku kutita ku ihohoterwa n’ihohoterwa ry’umubiri kugeza ku mitekerereze mibi. Ni ikibazo kitoroshye cyatewe nimpamvu nyinshi zitanga umusanzu, harimo kubura amashuri, ingorane zubukungu, ibibazo byubuzima bwo mumutwe, n imyumvire yumuco ku nyamaswa. Iri hohoterwa ntabwo ryangiza inyamaswa zirimo gusa ahubwo rifite ingaruka nini muri societe, akenshi rifitanye isano nubundi bwoko bwihohoterwa. Iyi ngingo iracengera muburyo butandukanye bwo guhohotera inyamaswa ziherekejwe, zitanga isesengura rirambuye ryuburyo butandukanye inyamaswa zifatwa nabi, haba kubirengagiza, guhunika, ihohoterwa ryumubiri, cyangwa kubabaza amarangamutima. Byongeye kandi, irasuzuma impamvu zifatika zigira uruhare muri iyo myitwarire yangiza, ikerekana impamvu abantu bamwe bashobora kwishora mubikorwa nkibi. Byongeye kandi, ingingo ishimangira akamaro ko kumenya no kwigisha mukumenya ibimenyetso byo guhohotera inyamaswa. Irasobanura uburyo buri wese muri twe,…

Isano ryimbitse hagati yabantu ninyamanswa rirenga igihe, riva mubufatanye bwa utilitarian kugera kumurongo wamarangamutima cyane atungisha ubuzima bwacu muburyo butabarika. Kuva mumico ya kera aho inyamanswa zubahwa nkabarinda ninshuti kugeza ingo zigezweho aho inyamanswa zikundwa nabagize umuryango, iyi mibanire yakomeje guhindura umuco wabantu n'imibereho myiza. Muri iki gihe, inyamanswa ntizitanga gusa urukundo rutagira icyo rushingiraho, ahubwo zitanga inyungu zikomeye zo mu mutwe, mu marangamutima, no ku mubiri - kugabanya imihangayiko, kugabanya irungu, gushishikariza imyitozo ngororamubiri, ndetse no gufasha mu kuvura. Iyi ngingo iracengera mu bucuti burambye hagati yabantu na bagenzi babo b’inyamanswa, ishakisha uburyo iyi mibanire itezimbere ubuzima bwacu mugihe hagaragajwe ubwitonzi bushimangira ubwo bufatanye budasanzwe.

Kutagira inyamanswa ni ikibazo cyisi yose yibasira miriyoni zinyamaswa buri mwaka. Injangwe n'imbwa byangiritse bihura n'ibibazo byinshi, birimo kubura aho kuba, ibiryo, no kwivuza. Ariko, hamwe nimbaraga rusange, turashobora kugira icyo duhindura no guha aya matungo amazu meza kandi yuje urukundo akwiye. Hano hari inzira zifatika zafasha kurangiza amazu atagira aho aba: 1. Sobanukirwa nimpamvu zitera urugo rwamatungo Amatungo menshi atagira aho aba yararangije muri ibyo bihe kubera ibihe bitabaturutseho. Mugihe bamwe bashobora gutereranwa cyangwa kubura, abandi benshi usanga badafite inzu kubera ibintu bigira ingaruka kuri ba nyirabyo. Ingorane zamafaranga, kurugero, zirashobora gutuma bidashoboka ba nyiri amatungo kubitaho no kubakira amatungo yabo akeneye. Imiterere yubuvuzi cyangwa uburwayi butunguranye muri ba nyirabyo birashobora gutuma badashobora kwita kubitungwa byabo, rimwe na rimwe bigatuma inyamanswa zishyikirizwa aho ziherereye cyangwa zigatereranwa. Amazu…

Kubona inyamaswa zizerera zizerera mu mihanda cyangwa zirembye mu buhungiro nibutsa umutima wibibazo bikomeje kwiyongera: kutagira aho uba mu nyamaswa. Amamiriyoni y'injangwe, imbwa, n'andi matungo ku isi abaho adafite amazu ahoraho, ashobora kwibasirwa n'inzara, indwara, ndetse n'ihohoterwa. Gusobanukirwa nintandaro yiki kibazo no gufata ingamba zifatika zo kubikemura birashobora kugira itandukaniro ryimbitse. Kuri buri mbwa cyangwa injangwe byamahirwe yishimira urugo rwiza kandi urukundo rutagira akagero rwumurinzi wumuntu witanze, hariho abandi batabarika ubuzima bwabo bwaranzwe ningorane, kutitaho, nububabare. Izi nyamaswa zihura n’ibibazo bitavugwa, ziharanira kubaho mu mihanda cyangwa kwihanganira gufatwa nabi n’abantu badafite ubushobozi, abatishoboye, barengerwa, uburangare, cyangwa bahohotera. Benshi barambaraye mu nyamaswa zuzuye abantu, bizeye umunsi bazabona urugo rwuje urukundo. Imbwa, bakunze kwitwa "inshuti magara yumuntu," akenshi bahura nubuzima bwo kubabazwa. Benshi…

Inkwavu muri rusange ni nzima, zikora, hamwe n’imibereho, ariko kimwe ninyamaswa zose, zirashobora kurwara. Nka nyamaswa zihiga, akenshi zihisha ububabare bwazo nuburangare, bigatuma bigora ba nyirubwite kumenya indwara hakiri kare. Kumenya ibimenyetso byo kuburira indwara murukwavu ningirakamaro kugirango amatungo yawe ameze neza. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura ibimenyetso bimwe bitangaje ugomba kureba, bishobora kugufasha gufata ibibazo byubuzima mbere yuko biba bikomeye. Urukwavu rwose ni ibiremwa bifite akamenyero, ndetse no gutandukana gato nimyitwarire yabo isanzwe birashobora kuba ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyibibazo byubuzima. Kubera ko inkwavu zikunda guhisha ibibazo byazo cyangwa uburwayi bitewe na kamere yazo nk'inyamaswa zihiga, ni ngombwa kwitondera impinduka zoroshye. Niba urukwavu rwawe rukora "off" muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose - bwaba ari impinduka mu ngeso yo kurya, imyitwarire, cyangwa isura igaragara - bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyuko ikintu…