Inyamaswa

Iki cyiciro gisuzuma uburyo inyamaswa-ibyiyumvo, ibiremwa bitekereza-bigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu twubaka n'imyizerere dushyigikira. Hirya no hino mu nganda n’umuco, inyamaswa ntizifatwa nkabantu ku giti cyabo, ahubwo zifatwa nkibice by’umusaruro, imyidagaduro, cyangwa ubushakashatsi. Ubuzima bwabo bwamarangamutima bwirengagijwe, amajwi yabo araceceka. Binyuze muri iki gice, dutangiye gusobanura ibyo bitekerezo no kuvumbura inyamaswa nkubuzima bwumutima: bushobora gukunda, kubabara, amatsiko, no guhuza. Nugusubiramo abo twize kutabona.
Ibyiciro biri muri iki gice bitanga ibyiciro byinshi byerekana uburyo ibibi bisanzwe kandi bishyirwa mubikorwa. Inyamanswa zinyamaswa ziraduhatira kumenya ubuzima bwimbere bwinyamaswa na siyanse ibishyigikira. Imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa n’uburenganzira bibaza amahame mbwirizamuco kandi bikerekana inzira zo kuvugurura no kwibohora. Ubuhinzi bwuruganda bugaragaza bumwe muburyo bukabije bwo gukoresha inyamaswa-aho gukora neza birenze impuhwe. Mu bibazo, dukurikirana uburyo bwinshi bwubugome bwashyizwe mubikorwa byabantu - kuva ku kato no ku munyururu kugeza ku bizamini bya laboratoire no mu ibagiro - byerekana uburyo ako karengane gakabije.
Nyamara intego y'iki gice ntabwo ari ugushyira ahagaragara ubugome gusa, ahubwo ni ugukingura inzira igana impuhwe, inshingano, n'impinduka. Iyo twemeye kumva inyamaswa hamwe na sisitemu zibangiza, natwe tubona imbaraga zo guhitamo ukundi. Ni ubutumire bwo guhindura ibitekerezo byacu - kuva kuganza kugera kububaha, kuva mubi kugana mubwumvikane.

Ubugome bwinyamaswa kumirima nikibazo gikunze kwirengagizwa ningaruka zo mumitekerereze igera kure. Kurenga kwangirika kugaragara kumubiri, inyamaswa zo muririma zihanganira ububabare bukabije bwamarangamutima kubera kutitaweho, guhohoterwa, no kwifungisha. Ibi biremwa bifite imyumvire ihura nibibazo bidakira, ubwoba, guhangayika, no kwiheba - ibintu bihungabanya imyitwarire yabo nubusabane. Gufatwa nabi ntabwo bigabanya imibereho yabo gusa ahubwo binatera impungenge zikomeye zijyanye nubuhinzi bukomeye. Mugukemura ibibazo byubugome bwibikoko ku matungo y’ubuhinzi, turashobora guharanira amahame yimibereho yimpuhwe ateza imbere ubuvuzi bwabantu ndetse nuburyo burambye mubuhinzi

Urugendo rwinkoko broiler kuva mubyumba kugeza ku isahani yo kurya irerekana isi yihishe yububabare ikunze kutamenyekana nabaguzi. Inyuma yorohereza inkoko zihendutse hariho gahunda iterwa no gukura byihuse, imiterere yabantu benshi, hamwe nubumuntu butagira inyungu bushyira imbere inyungu kuruta imibereho yinyamaswa. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibibazo by’imyitwarire, ingaruka z’ibidukikije, n’ingorabahizi zashyizwe mu nganda z’inkoko broiler, isaba abasomyi guhangana n’igiciro nyacyo cy’umusaruro w’inkoko. Mugushakisha uko ibintu bimeze no guharanira impinduka, dushobora gutera intambwe ifatika mugushiraho uburyo bwibiryo bwuzuye impuhwe kandi burambye

Foie gras, ikimenyetso cyigiciro cyibiryo byiza, ahisha ukuri gukabije kubabazwa ninyamaswa bikunze kutamenyekana. Bikomoka ku mbaraga zagaburiwe n’ingurube n’ingagi, ubu buryohe butavugwaho rumwe butangwa binyuze mu myitozo yitwa gavage - inzira y’ubumuntu iteza ububabare bukabije bw’umubiri n’imibabaro yo mu mutwe kuri izo nyoni zifite ubwenge. Inyuma yizina ryayo ryuzuye hari inganda zuzuyemo amahame mbwirizamuco, aho inyungu irenze impuhwe. Mugihe imyumvire igenda yiyongera kubugome bwihishe kumirima ya foie gras, igihe kirageze cyo guhangana nigiciro cyimyitwarire yo kwinezeza no guharanira ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu mumigenzo yacu yo guteka

Inganda z’inkoko zikorera ku rufatiro rubi, aho ubuzima bw’inyoni miriyoni bugabanuka ku bicuruzwa gusa. Imbere mu murima w’uruganda, inkoko n’izindi nkoko bihanganira ahantu huzuye abantu, gutemwa kubabaza nko gutema amababa no gukata amababa, hamwe nububabare bukabije bwo mumutwe. Bambuwe imyitwarire karemano kandi bakorerwa ibintu bidafite isuku, izi nyamaswa zihura nububabare budashira mugushakisha inyungu zishingiye ku nyungu. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ukuri gukomeye mu buhinzi bw’inganda, isuzuma umubare w’umubiri n’amarangamutima ku nkoko mu gihe iharanira ivugurura ry’impuhwe rishyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa ku isonga.

Kwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, ubucuruzi bwinyamanswa nzima kwisi yose kubaga cyangwa kubyibuha, byerekana amamiriyoni yinyamanswa yimirima murugendo rutoroshye rwuzuyemo imibabaro. Kuva aho abantu batwara ibintu byinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije kugeza igihe cyo kwamburwa igihe kirekire no kuvura amatungo adahagije, ibyo biremwa byiyumvo bihanganira ingorane zidashoboka. Mu gihe ubukangurambaga bugenda bwiyongera binyuze muri raporo z’iperereza no guharanira ibikorwa by’ibanze, ingaruka z’imyitwarire y’inganda ziragenda zikurikiranwa cyane. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ukuri gukabije kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, ikora ubushakashatsi ku bugome bwayo ndetse no guhamagarira abantu kuvugurura ko hajyaho ejo hazaza h’ubumuntu ku matungo y’ubuhinzi ku isi

Inyanja yacu, ikungahaye ku buzima no ku binyabuzima, ihura n’iterabwoba rigenda ryiyongera: kwaguka byihuse ahantu hapfuye inyanja. Uturere, aho urugero rwa ogisijeni yagabanutse ndetse nubuzima bwo mu nyanja ntibushobora gutera imbere, bigenda bihuzwa n’ingaruka ku bidukikije by’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa. Kuva ifumbire mvaruganda itera uburabyo bwangiza bwa algal kugeza umwanda uva mu myanda y’amatungo n’umusaruro w’ibiryo, ubuhinzi bw’inganda bwangiza cyane urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma uburyo uburyo bw’ubuhinzi budashoboka bugira uruhare mu turere twapfuye mu nyanja kandi bugaragaza ibisubizo bifatika - nko gufata indyo y’ibihingwa no guteza imbere ubuhinzi burambye - bishobora gufasha kurinda inyanja yacu ibisekuruza bizaza.

Inyuma y'ibicuruzwa by'inyama bipfunyitse neza mu maduka hari ukuri kubabaje: gushakisha ubudahwema inyungu mu nganda z’inyama biza ku giciro cyangiza ubuzima bw’inyamaswa, ibidukikije, n’ubuzima rusange. Amamiliyaridi yinyamanswa yumutima yihanganira ubuzima bwubugome nububabare mumirima yinganda no kubagamo, bifatwa nkibikoresho gusa byo gutwika sisitemu idashoboka. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibibazo by’imyitwarire, kwangiza ibidukikije, n’ingaruka z’ubuzima ziterwa n’umusaruro w’inyama mu nganda mu gihe hagaragazwa uburyo amahitamo y’abaguzi ashobora gutanga inzira y’ejo hazaza h’impuhwe kandi zirambye.

Guhitamo abaguzi ni uguhindura inganda no guteza imbere imyitwarire y’inyamaswa. Mugihe imyumvire yibibazo byimibereho yinyamanswa igenda yiyongera, abantu bagenda bashakisha ibicuruzwa bitarangwamo ubugome, ubundi buryo bushingiye ku bimera, nibirango bishyira imbere ibikorwa byubumuntu. Ihinduka ryimyitwarire yubuguzi ritera abashoramari gukoresha uburyo buboneye kandi burambye mugihe bashishikariza ibiganiro byingirakamaro kubijyanye no kubazwa ibyakozwe. Mu gufata ibyemezo byuzuye no gushyigikira ibirango byimyitwarire, abaguzi bafite imbaraga zo guteza imbere ejo hazaza h'impuhwe aho inyamaswa zubahwa kandi zitaweho