Inyamaswa

Iki cyiciro gisuzuma uburyo inyamaswa-ibyiyumvo, ibiremwa bitekereza-bigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu twubaka n'imyizerere dushyigikira. Hirya no hino mu nganda n’umuco, inyamaswa ntizifatwa nkabantu ku giti cyabo, ahubwo zifatwa nkibice by’umusaruro, imyidagaduro, cyangwa ubushakashatsi. Ubuzima bwabo bwamarangamutima bwirengagijwe, amajwi yabo araceceka. Binyuze muri iki gice, dutangiye gusobanura ibyo bitekerezo no kuvumbura inyamaswa nkubuzima bwumutima: bushobora gukunda, kubabara, amatsiko, no guhuza. Nugusubiramo abo twize kutabona.
Ibyiciro biri muri iki gice bitanga ibyiciro byinshi byerekana uburyo ibibi bisanzwe kandi bishyirwa mubikorwa. Inyamanswa zinyamaswa ziraduhatira kumenya ubuzima bwimbere bwinyamaswa na siyanse ibishyigikira. Imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa n’uburenganzira bibaza amahame mbwirizamuco kandi bikerekana inzira zo kuvugurura no kwibohora. Ubuhinzi bwuruganda bugaragaza bumwe muburyo bukabije bwo gukoresha inyamaswa-aho gukora neza birenze impuhwe. Mu bibazo, dukurikirana uburyo bwinshi bwubugome bwashyizwe mubikorwa byabantu - kuva ku kato no ku munyururu kugeza ku bizamini bya laboratoire no mu ibagiro - byerekana uburyo ako karengane gakabije.
Nyamara intego y'iki gice ntabwo ari ugushyira ahagaragara ubugome gusa, ahubwo ni ugukingura inzira igana impuhwe, inshingano, n'impinduka. Iyo twemeye kumva inyamaswa hamwe na sisitemu zibangiza, natwe tubona imbaraga zo guhitamo ukundi. Ni ubutumire bwo guhindura ibitekerezo byacu - kuva kuganza kugera kububaha, kuva mubi kugana mubwumvikane.

Ibikomoka ku bimera byerekana ihinduka rikomeye muburyo tubona no gufata inyamaswa, guhangana na sisitemu yashinze imizi mu gihe duteza imbere impuhwe, uburinganire, no kuramba. Kurenza ibyo kurya byokurya, nigikorwa gishinze imizi muburyo bwo kwanga gukoresha inyamaswa nkibicuruzwa. Mu gukurikiza imibereho y’ibikomoka ku bimera, abantu bahagurukira kurwanya ubugome n’ibidukikije mu gihe bakemura akarengane kagari k’abaturage kajyanye n’ibi bikorwa byo gukoresha nabi. Iyi filozofiya isaba kumenya agaciro k’ibinyabuzima byose bifite imyumvire kandi bigatera impinduka zifatika zigana ku isi irenganuye kandi ihuza abantu, inyamaswa, ndetse nisi yose.

Kwipimisha inyamaswa mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi byabaye umusingi witerambere ryubuvuzi, gufungura imiti irokora ubuzima no guteza imbere imyumvire yacu yindwara zikomeye. Nyamara, iracyari imwe mubikorwa bitandukanya amacakubiri muri siyansi igezweho, itera kwibaza ibibazo byimyitwarire yerekeye imibereho y’inyamaswa n’imyitwarire yo gukurikiza ibinyabuzima ubushakashatsi. Hamwe noguhamagarira gukorera mu mucyo no kuzamura ubundi buryo bushya nkubuhanga bwa tekinoroji, iki kibazo cyamakimbirane gisaba kwitabwaho byihutirwa. Gucukumbura inyungu zayo, imbogamizi, hamwe nigisubizo kigaragara byerekana amahirwe akomeye yo kuvugurura uburyo bwubushakashatsi mugihe uharanira impuhwe no kubazwa ibyavumbuwe na siyansi.

Dolphine na baleine byashimishije ikiremwamuntu mu binyejana byinshi, nyamara kuba imbohe zabo zo kwidagadura no kurya bitera impaka zimbitse. Kuva kuri koreografiya yerekana muri parike zo mu nyanja kugeza igihe zikoreshwa nk'ibiryo biryoshye mu mico imwe n'imwe, gukoresha inyamaswa z’inyamabere zifite ubwenge zo mu nyanja bitera kwibaza ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, kubungabunga, n'imigenzo. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ibintu bikaze byihishe inyuma yimikorere nuburyo bwo guhiga, bikerekana ingaruka kumubiri no mubitekerezo mugihe harebwa niba imbohe zikora uburezi cyangwa kubungabunga ibidukikije - cyangwa bikomeza kugirira nabi ibyo biremwa bifite imyumvire.

Munsi y'umuraba, akaga katagaragara karimo kwangiza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja - uburobyi bw'abazimu. Urushundura rwatereranywe hamwe n’ibikoresho byo kuroba byanyuze mu nyanja bucece, bifata kandi byica inyenzi zo mu nyanja, dolphine, balale, n’ibindi biremwa bitabarika byo mu nyanja. Uku kurimbuka gukomeje kutabangamira ubwoko bumwe gusa ahubwo binangiza ibidukikije byose. Mugihe izo "inshundura" zikomeje urugendo rwazo rwica, bagaragaza ko byihutirwa ingamba zo kurinda inyanja yacu no kubungabunga urusobe rwibinyabuzima. Shakisha ingaruka mbi zo kuroba kwizimu hanyuma umenye uburyo imbaraga rusange zishobora gufasha kurinda ubuzima bwinyanja ibisekuruza bizaza

Kwiyongera kw'ibikomoka ku nyanja byatumye ubworozi bw'amafi bwinjira mu nganda zitera imbere, ariko imibereho y’amafi yororerwa ikomeje kuba igitekerezo. Kugarukira gusa ku bigega byuzuyemo abantu bikungahaye cyane, izi nyamaswa zihura n’imihangayiko, indwara, ndetse n’ubuzima bubi. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza neza ko hakenewe amahame meza mu bworozi bw’amafi, agaragaza imbogamizi z’ibikorwa bigezweho mu gihe harebwa ubundi buryo burambye kandi bw’imyitwarire. Menya uburyo guhitamo amakuru n'amabwiriza akomeye bishobora gufasha guhindura ubworozi bw'amafi mubikorwa byubumuntu kandi bifite inshingano

Ingurube zirashobora kuba ikintu cyibanze ku masahani menshi, ariko inyuma ya buri gice kinini cya bacon kirimo inkuru igoye cyane kuruta uburyohe bwayo. Kuva ku bidukikije bitangaje by’ubuhinzi bw’inganda kugeza ku kibazo cy’imyitwarire ikikije imibereho y’inyamaswa n’akarengane k’abaturage bibasira abaturage batishoboye, umusaruro w’ingurube utwara ibiciro byihishe bidusaba ko tubyitaho. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ingaruka zitagaragara zijyanye nibiryo byingurube dukunda kandi byerekana uburyo ibyemezo bifatika bishobora gushyigikira gahunda yibiribwa birambye, byubumuntu, kandi byiza kuri bose.

Inganda z’inyamanswa, zikunze guhishwa mu ibanga, zifatanije cyane n’urwego rw’amata, zigaragaza inzitizi yihishe y’ubugome abaguzi benshi bashyigikira batabizi. Kuva gutandukana ku gahato inyana na ba nyina kugeza mubihe bidasanzwe byubumuntu aya matungo akiri muto yihanganira, umusaruro winyamanswa ugaragaza uruhande rwijimye rwubuhinzi bwinganda. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza isano itajegajega hagati y’amata n’inyamanswa, itanga urumuri ku bikorwa nko kwifungisha bikabije, indyo idasanzwe, n’ihungabana ry’amarangamutima ryatewe ku nyana na ba nyina. Mugusobanukirwa ibi bintu no gushakisha ubundi buryo bwimyitwarire, dushobora guhangana niyi gahunda yo gukoresha no guharanira ejo hazaza h'impuhwe

Indyo ishingiye ku bimera ku matungo yagiye ikundwa cyane mu myaka yashize, aho abafite amatungo menshi kandi benshi bahitamo kugaburira bagenzi babo b'ubwoya indyo igizwe gusa n'ibimera. Iyi myumvire yatewe ahanini n’inyungu zigenda ziyongera ku mirire ishingiye ku bimera ku bantu no kwizera ko indyo ishingiye ku bimera ari amahitamo meza ku bantu no ku nyamaswa. Icyakora, iyi mpinduka yerekeza ku mirire ishingiye ku bimera ku matungo nayo yateje impaka hagati y’abatunze amatungo, abaveterineri, n’inzobere mu mirire y’inyamaswa. Mu gihe bamwe bemeza ko indyo ishingiye ku bimera ishobora gutanga ubuzima butandukanye ku matungo, abandi bakavuga ko idashobora gutanga intungamubiri zikenewe ku buzima bwiza ndetse ko ishobora no kwangiza ubuzima bwabo. Ibi biganisha ku kibazo: indyo ishingiye ku bimera kubitungwa bifite ubuzima bwiza cyangwa byangiza? Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura ibyiza n'ibibi byo kugaburira amatungo indyo ishingiye ku bimera, ishyigikiwe na siyansi…

Amategeko y’uburenganzira bw’inyamanswa niyo ntandaro y’umuryango ugenda wiyongera ku isi kugira ngo urinde inyamaswa ubugome no gukoreshwa. Hirya no hino ku migabane, ibihugu bishyiraho amategeko abuza ibikorwa by’ubumuntu, yemera inyamaswa nk’ibinyabuzima, kandi biteza imbere amahame mbwirizamuco mu nganda kuva mu buhinzi kugeza mu myidagaduro. Nyamara, hamwe nibyagezweho harimo imbogamizi zihoraho - kubahiriza intege nke, inzitizi z’umuco, no kurwanya inzego zikomeye zikomeje guhagarika iterambere. Iyi ngingo itanga ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku iterambere ryatewe, gusubira inyuma, hamwe no guhindura ubuvugizi ubudahwema. Mu kwerekana amasezerano mpuzamahanga, ivugurura ry’igihugu, gahunda z’ibanze, n’iterambere ritunguranye mu turere tudahagarariwe, irerekana neza aho duhagaze - ndetse n’ibindi bigomba gukorwa - kugira ngo ejo hazaza heza h’inyamaswa zose