Inyamaswa

Iki cyiciro gisuzuma uburyo inyamaswa-ibyiyumvo, ibiremwa bitekereza-bigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu twubaka n'imyizerere dushyigikira. Hirya no hino mu nganda n’umuco, inyamaswa ntizifatwa nkabantu ku giti cyabo, ahubwo zifatwa nkibice by’umusaruro, imyidagaduro, cyangwa ubushakashatsi. Ubuzima bwabo bwamarangamutima bwirengagijwe, amajwi yabo araceceka. Binyuze muri iki gice, dutangiye gusobanura ibyo bitekerezo no kuvumbura inyamaswa nkubuzima bwumutima: bushobora gukunda, kubabara, amatsiko, no guhuza. Nugusubiramo abo twize kutabona.
Ibyiciro biri muri iki gice bitanga ibyiciro byinshi byerekana uburyo ibibi bisanzwe kandi bishyirwa mubikorwa. Inyamanswa zinyamaswa ziraduhatira kumenya ubuzima bwimbere bwinyamaswa na siyanse ibishyigikira. Imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa n’uburenganzira bibaza amahame mbwirizamuco kandi bikerekana inzira zo kuvugurura no kwibohora. Ubuhinzi bwuruganda bugaragaza bumwe muburyo bukabije bwo gukoresha inyamaswa-aho gukora neza birenze impuhwe. Mu bibazo, dukurikirana uburyo bwinshi bwubugome bwashyizwe mubikorwa byabantu - kuva ku kato no ku munyururu kugeza ku bizamini bya laboratoire no mu ibagiro - byerekana uburyo ako karengane gakabije.
Nyamara intego y'iki gice ntabwo ari ugushyira ahagaragara ubugome gusa, ahubwo ni ugukingura inzira igana impuhwe, inshingano, n'impinduka. Iyo twemeye kumva inyamaswa hamwe na sisitemu zibangiza, natwe tubona imbaraga zo guhitamo ukundi. Ni ubutumire bwo guhindura ibitekerezo byacu - kuva kuganza kugera kububaha, kuva mubi kugana mubwumvikane.

Ibikomoka ku bimera byerekana ubuzima bw'impuhwe bushingiye ku ihame ry'imyitwarire inyamaswa zose zikwiriye kubaho zitarangwamo ingaruka mbi. Kurenza ibyo kurya, birwanya inganda zigurisha ibiremwa byokurya, imyambaro, n'imyidagaduro. Mu kumenya agaciro k’inyamaswa nubushobozi bwazo bwo kubabara, ibikomoka ku bimera bihuza nindangagaciro zimpuhwe, ubutabera, no kuramba. Mugihe abantu benshi bibaza imigenzo gakondo bagashaka ubundi buryo butarangwamo ubugome, uyu mutwe ukomeje kwiyongera - utanga inzira ifatika yo guharanira uburenganzira bwinyamaswa mugihe utezimbere umubano mwiza numubumbe wacu

Mu buhinzi bwuruganda, imikorere irashyirwa imbere kuruta ibindi byose. Ubusanzwe inyamaswa zororerwa ahantu hanini, zifunze aho zipakiye hamwe kugirango umubare w’inyamaswa zishobora kororerwa ahantu runaka. Iyi myitozo ituma umusaruro mwinshi hamwe nigiciro gito, ariko akenshi biza byangiza imibereho yinyamaswa.Muri iyi ngingo, uzasangamo ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya kubijyanye nubuhinzi bwuruganda. Ubworozi bw'uruganda muri Amerika bukubiyemo inyamaswa zitandukanye, zirimo inka, ingurube, inkoko, inkoko, n'amafi. Inka Ingurube Ifi Hens Inkoko Uruganda rwororerwa Inkoko & Hens Uruganda rwinkoko rurimo ibyiciro bibiri byingenzi: zororerwa kubyara inyama nizikoreshwa mugutera amagi. Ubuzima bwinkoko za Broiler mumirima yinganda Inkoko zororerwa inyama, cyangwa inkoko za broiler, akenshi zihanganira ibihe bibi mubuzima bwabo. Ibi bisabwa birimo abantu benshi kandi badafite isuku, bishobora…

Ubugome bw’inyamaswa bukomeje kuba ikibazo cy’ingutu, bugaragaza uruhare rw’ikiremwamuntu ku mibereho y’inyamaswa ndetse no gukenera byihutirwa amategeko n’imyitwarire. Kuva ibikorwa byihohoterwa byitaruye kugeza kutita kuri gahunda munganda, izi manza zirasaba societe guhangana nuburyo inyamaswa zifatwa nkibinyabuzima bifite imyumvire. Uko amategeko agenda atera imbere kandi ubukangurambaga bukagenda bwiyongera, gukemura ubugome bw’inyamaswa bisaba inzira zinyuranye - gushimangira amategeko, kubahiriza amategeko, guteza imbere uburezi, no guharanira ibihano bikaze. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ingorane zijyanye n’imanza z’ubugome bw’inyamaswa mu gihe hagaragajwe intambwe rusange ikenewe mu kubaka umuryango w’impuhwe ushyira imbere ubutabera no kubaha ibiremwa byose bifite ubuzima;

Kuzenguruka inganda zinyamanswa nyamara akenshi birengagizwa, imbuni zigira uruhare rutangaje kandi rwinshi mubucuruzi bwisi. Yubahwa nk'inyoni nini zitagira indege ku isi, ibyo bihangange bihanganye byahindutse mu myaka miriyoni kugira ngo bitere imbere ahantu habi, ariko uruhare rwabo ntirurenga akamaro k’ibidukikije. Kuva gutanga uruhu ruhebuje kumyambarire yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kugeza gutanga ubundi buryo bwiza ku isoko ryinyama, ostre ni intandaro yinganda zikomeje kuba impaka mu mpaka zishingiye ku myitwarire ndetse n’ibibazo by’ibikoresho. Nubwo bafite ubushobozi mu bukungu, ibibazo nk’imfu nyinshi z’impfu, impungenge z’imirima, imicungire mibi y’ubwikorezi, hamwe n’ibikorwa byo kubaga bitavugwaho rumwe byateye igicucu inganda. Mugihe abaguzi bashaka ubundi buryo burambye kandi bwikiremwamuntu mugihe baringaniza ibitekerezo byubuzima bijyanye no kurya inyama, igihe kirageze cyo kumurikira ibyo bihangange byibagiwe - haba mumateka yabo adasanzwe ndetse no gukenera impinduka muburyo bwabo bwo guhinga.

Munsi yubuso bwibiruhuko hamwe nububiko bwa supermarket burimo ukuri kubabaje kubyerekeye ubuhinzi bwa turukiya. Izi nyamaswa ziyumvamo, imibereho isanzwe ikorerwa mubihe byinshi, inzira zibabaza, nibibazo byubuzima biterwa no gukura byihuse - byose bigamije gukora neza no kunguka. Kuva ziva mu nganda kugeza igihe cya nyuma mu ibagiro, inkoko zihanganira imibabaro myinshi ikunze kutamenyekana. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ukuri gukomeye mu buhinzi bw’uruganda, isuzuma ingaruka z’imyitwarire, ingaruka z’ibidukikije, hamwe n’ubuzima mu gihe ishishikariza abantu guhitamo abantu bashyira imbere impuhwe kuruta kuborohereza.

Ubugome bw’inyamaswa butera ingaruka mbi zo mu mutwe zigaruka ku moko, bikagira ingaruka ku nyamaswa zombi zafashwe nabi ndetse n’abantu babibona cyangwa babikora. Umubabaro wo mu mutima uhura n’inyamaswa zahohotewe zirashobora gutuma umuntu ahinduka mu myitwarire irambye, mu gihe ku bantu, guhura n’ihohoterwa bishobora kuba desensitisation ndetse n’ubushobozi buke bwo kwishyira mu mwanya. Izi ngaruka zigira uruhare runini mubibazo byabaturage, harimo kwibasirwa bisanzwe hamwe n urugomo. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ingaruka zikomeye zo mumitekerereze yubugome bwinyamaswa, ikagaragaza ingaruka zayo mubuzima bwo mumutwe, imibanire, hamwe niterambere ryimibereho. Mugutezimbere, guteza imbere uburezi bushingiye ku mpuhwe, no gushyira imbere gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abahohotewe n’abagizi ba nabi, dushobora gukemura izo ngaruka zikomeye kandi tugaharanira ejo hazaza heza aho ibiremwa byose byubahwa.

Guhiga inyamaswa zo mu gasozi bihagaze nk'umwijima ku mibanire y'abantu n'isi. Irerekana ubuhemu bukabije bwibiremwa bitangaje bisangiye umubumbe wacu. Mugihe umubare wubwoko butandukanye ugenda ugabanuka kubera umururumba udahagije wa ba rushimusi, uburinganire bworoshye bwibinyabuzima burahungabana, kandi ejo hazaza h’ibinyabuzima harabangamiwe. Iyi nyandiko yinjiye mu burebure bw’inyamaswa zo mu gasozi, ziga ku mpamvu zitera, ingaruka zabyo, ndetse no gukenera byihutirwa ingamba zo kurwanya iki cyaha gikomeye cyibasiye ibidukikije. Amahano yo guhiga, guhiga mu buryo butemewe, kwica, cyangwa gufata inyamaswa zo mu gasozi, byabaye icyorezo ku nyamaswa zo mu gasozi mu binyejana byinshi. Haba biterwa no gukenera ibikombe bidasanzwe, imiti gakondo, cyangwa ibikomoka ku nyamaswa byinjiza amafaranga, ba rushimusi berekana ko basuzuguye agaciro k’ubuzima n’inshingano z’ibidukikije ibyo biremwa byuzuza. Inzovu ziciwe kubera amahembe y'inzovu, imvubu zahigaga amahembe yazo, n'ingwe zibasira…

Inzego zishinzwe kubahiriza amategeko ni ntangarugero mu kubahiriza amategeko arwanya ubugome agamije kurinda inyamaswa ihohoterwa no kutitabwaho. Imbaraga zabo ntizirenze iperereza, zikubiyemo ubufatanye n’amacumbi y’inyamanswa, imiryango iharanira imibereho myiza n’abaturage kugira ngo ubutabera bw’abahohotewe bugerweho. Mu gushyira imbere uburezi, amahugurwa yihariye, no kunganira ibihano bikaze ku bakoze ibyaha, ibyo bigo bigira uruhare runini mu kwimakaza umuco w’impuhwe no kubazwa ibyo bakora. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma uruhare rwabo mu kubahiriza aya mategeko, gukemura ibibazo biri mu bushinjacyaha, no gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba ziteza imbere imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa mu gihe ishishikariza abaturage kuba maso ku bugome.

Irushanwa rya Greyhound, siporo yigeze kwambikwa imishino n'imigenzo, ihisha ukuri gukabije gukoreshwa n'ubugome. Munsi yubuso bwihuta bwihuta nimbaga nyamwinshi isakaye hari isi iteye ubwoba aho ibinyamisogwe bifatwa nkibicuruzwa bikoreshwa, kwihanganira kwifungisha, gukomeretsa, no kutita kumwanya muto wo kwidagadura. Kuva mu mateka yabo akomeye nk'inshuti nziza kugeza ku mateka yabo mabi ku marushanwa ya kijyambere, izo nyamaswa zikomeye zihura n'imibabaro itagereranywa iterwa n'inganda itwarwa n'inyungu kubera impuhwe. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ukuri kwijimye inyuma yisiganwa rya greyhound - ingaruka zayo zica imbwa zabigizemo uruhare ndetse n’ingaruka zayo muri sosiyete - mu gihe risaba ko hajyaho ingamba zihutirwa kugira ngo iki gikorwa cy’ikiremwamuntu kirangire

Ubworozi bw'ubwoya bukomeje kuba bumwe mu buryo butongana cyane mu buhinzi bwa kijyambere, bugaragaza amamiriyoni ya mink, imbwebwe, n’andi matungo ubuzima bw’ubugome budasanzwe ndetse no kwamburwa. Gufungirwa mu kato gafite insinga zidafite amahirwe yo kwerekana imyitwarire karemano, ibyo biremwa bifite ubwenge bihanganira imibabaro yumubiri, imibabaro yo mumitekerereze, hamwe no gukoreshwa imyororokere - byose bigamije imyambarire myiza. Mu gihe imyumvire ku isi igenda yiyongera ku ngaruka z’imyitwarire n’ibidukikije biva mu musaruro w’ubwoya, iyi ngingo iratanga ibisobanuro ku bintu bibi byugarije inyamaswa zororerwa mu gihe isaba ko hajyaho inzira zishingiye ku mpuhwe zishingiye ku mpuhwe.