Ingaruka y'Ubutaka n'Ubutaka - Humane Foundation

Ubuzima bwimibumbe yubutaka bwisi nubutaka bifitanye isano rya bugufi nubuhinzi, kandi ubworozi bwamatungo yinganda bugira ingaruka mbi. Ibikorwa binini byubworozi bitanga imyanda myinshi, ikunze kwinjira mu nzuzi, ibiyaga, n’amazi yo mu butaka, ikanduza amasoko y'amazi na azote, fosifore, antibiotike, na virusi. Uyu mwanda uhungabanya urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi, uhungabanya ubuzima bw’abantu, kandi ugira uruhare mu gukwirakwiza uturere twapfuye mu nyanja n’amazi meza.
Ubutaka, umusingi w’umutekano w’ibiribwa ku isi, burahura kimwe no guhinga cyane. Kurisha cyane, kugaburira ibihingwa byonyine, no gufata neza ifumbire bitera isuri, kugabanuka kwintungamubiri, no gutakaza uburumbuke bwubutaka. Iyangirika ry'ubutaka ntibibangamira umusaruro w’ibihingwa gusa ahubwo binagabanya ubushobozi bw’ubutaka bwo gufata karubone no kugenga uruziga rw’amazi, bikongerera amapfa n’umwuzure.
Iki cyiciro gishimangira ko kurinda amazi nubutaka ari ngombwa kugirango ibidukikije bibungabunge ubuzima. Mugaragaza ingaruka zubuhinzi bwuruganda kuri ubwo buryo bwingenzi, butera inkunga guhindura imikorere yubuhinzi bushya, imicungire y’amazi ashinzwe, hamwe nimirire igabanya ibibazo byangiza ibidukikije by’umubumbe wacu.

Kurwanya antibiyotike no kwanduza imyanda y’ubuhinzi bw’amatungo ni ibibazo byihutirwa ku isi bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima rusange bw’abaturage, urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ndetse no kwihaza mu biribwa. Gukoresha buri gihe antibiyotike mu bworozi bw’amatungo hagamijwe kuzamura imikurire no kwirinda indwara byagize uruhare mu kuzamuka gukabije kwa bagiteri zirwanya antibiyotike, bikangiza imikorere y’ubuvuzi bwa ngombwa. Muri icyo gihe, imyanda icungwa nabi ituruka ku bikorwa byo kugaburira amatungo (CAFOs) itangiza imyanda yangiza-harimo ibisigisigi bya antibiotike, imisemburo, nintungamubiri zirenze urugero - mu butaka n’amazi. Uku kwanduza guhungabanya ubuzima bwo mu mazi, bikabangamira ubwiza bw’amazi, kandi byihutisha ikwirakwizwa rya bagiteri zidakira binyuze mu nzira z’ibidukikije. Gukemura ibyo bibazo bisaba uburyo bwo guhinga burambye bushyira imbere uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha antibiyotike hamwe n’ingamba zikomeye zo gucunga imyanda mu rwego rwo kurengera ubuzima bw’abantu no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Kwiyongera kwisi kwisi kubicuruzwa byinyamanswa byatumye abantu benshi bahinga ubuhinzi bwuruganda, sisitemu ishingiye cyane kumusaruro wibiryo byinganda. Munsi y’ibikorwa byayo hagaragara umubare munini w’ibidukikije - gutema amashyamba, gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, hamwe n’umwanda w’amazi ni zimwe mu ngaruka mbi ziterwa no guhinga ibihingwa byitwa monocult nka soya n'ibigori byo kugaburira amatungo. Iyi myitozo irangiza umutungo kamere, yangiza ubuzima bwubutaka, ihungabanya urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, kandi iremerera abaturage baho mu gihe ingufu z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ibiciro by’ibidukikije by’umusaruro w’ibiryo ku nyamaswa zo mu ruganda kandi ikagaragaza ko hakenewe cyane ibisubizo birambye birinda isi yacu kandi bigateza imbere ubuhinzi bw’imyitwarire myiza.

Inyanja yacu, ikungahaye ku buzima no ku binyabuzima, ihura n’iterabwoba rigenda ryiyongera: kwaguka byihuse ahantu hapfuye inyanja. Uturere, aho urugero rwa ogisijeni yagabanutse ndetse nubuzima bwo mu nyanja ntibushobora gutera imbere, bigenda bihuzwa n’ingaruka ku bidukikije by’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa. Kuva ifumbire mvaruganda itera uburabyo bwangiza bwa algal kugeza umwanda uva mu myanda y’amatungo n’umusaruro w’ibiryo, ubuhinzi bw’inganda bwangiza cyane urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma uburyo uburyo bw’ubuhinzi budashoboka bugira uruhare mu turere twapfuye mu nyanja kandi bugaragaza ibisubizo bifatika - nko gufata indyo y’ibihingwa no guteza imbere ubuhinzi burambye - bishobora gufasha kurinda inyanja yacu ibisekuruza bizaza.

Ubuhinzi bw’uruganda, cyangwa ubuhinzi bw’inganda, bwagaragaye nkimbaraga ziganje mu musaruro w’ibiribwa, ariko ibidukikije byangiza amazi n’ubutaka ni byinshi. Ubu buryo bukomeye bushingiye ku nyongeramusaruro, antibiyotike, hamwe n’imikorere ya monoculture ihungabanya urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima kandi ikangiza umutungo kamere. Kuva kwanduza inzira zamazi hamwe nintungamubiri zikungahaye ku ntungamubiri kugeza uburumbuke bwubutaka binyuze mu gukoresha cyane no gutwarwa n’isuri, ingaruka ziterwa ni nyinshi kandi ziteye ubwoba. Hamwe no gukoresha amazi menshi no gusenya aho kwihutisha gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ubuhinzi bw’uruganda butera ibibazo bikomeye kuramba. Gucukumbura izo ngaruka byerekana ko byihutirwa ibikorwa byangiza ibidukikije kugirango tubungabunge umutungo wingenzi wumubumbe wacu ibisekuruza bizaza

Mu myaka yashize, hagiye hibandwa cyane ku mibereho irambye, kandi kubwimpamvu. Hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi bikenewe byihutirwa kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, byabaye ngombwa kuruta ikindi gihe cyose kureba amahitamo tugira mu mibereho yacu ya buri munsi agira uruhare mu birenge byacu. Mugihe benshi muritwe tuzi ingaruka zo gutwara no gukoresha ingufu kubidukikije, imirire yacu nikindi kintu gikomeye gikunze kwirengagizwa. Mubyukuri, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibiryo turya bishobora kugera kuri kimwe cya kane cyibirenge byacu muri rusange. Ibi byatumye kwiyongera kwangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, urugendo rwibanda ku guhitamo imirire idafasha ubuzima bwacu gusa ahubwo nisi. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma igitekerezo cyo kurya ibidukikije ndetse nuburyo ibiryo byacu…

Shira amenyo yawe mumateka inyuma ya cheeseburger ukunda - umugani urenze kure ibice byayo biryoshye. Kuva ku nka za metani-zifata kugeza ku mashyamba aterwa no gutema amashyamba, buri kuruma bitwara ikirere cyibidukikije bigira ingaruka ku mubumbe wacu muburyo bwimbitse. Iyi ngingo yibanda cyane kubiciro byihishe mu buhinzi bw’inyamaswa, byerekana uburyo cheeseburgers igira uruhare mu myuka ihumanya ikirere, ibura ry’amazi, gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, no kwangiza aho gutura. Twiyunge natwe mugihe dusuzuma urugendo "Kuva mu rwuri rugana ku mubumbe," tumenye umubare wibidukikije byibi biryo byoroheje kandi bitera amahitamo arambye kubuzima bwiza bwisi

Ibura ry’amazi rigaragara nkikibazo cy’isi yose, gishimangirwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’imikorere idashoboka. Hagati yiki kibazo ni ubuhinzi bwinyamanswa - umushoferi ukomeye ariko akenshi usanga udahabwa agaciro kumazi meza. Kuva amazi menshi akoreshwa mu bihingwa bigaburira kugeza ku mwanda no kuvanamo amazi menshi, ubuhinzi bw’inganda burimo gushyira ingufu nyinshi ku kugabanuka kw’amazi. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza isano iri hagati y’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa n’ubuke bw’amazi, yinjira mu ngero zifatika nk’ikibaya cyo hagati cya Kaliforuniya n’inganda z’inka z’inka muri Berezile, ikanagaragaza ibisubizo bifatika byo kubungabunga umutungo wacu w’ibanze mu guteza imbere gahunda y’ibiribwa birambye.