Kwangiza ibidukikije - Humane Foundation

Muri iki gice, menya uburyo ubuhinzi bwinyamanswa mu nganda butera kwangiza ibidukikije ku rugero runini. Kuva inzira zamazi yanduye kugeza urusobe rwibinyabuzima byangirika, iki cyiciro kigaragaza ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya bijyanye nuburyo ubuhinzi bwinganda bubangamira isi twese dusangiye. Shakisha ingaruka zikomeye ziterwa n’imyanda y’umutungo, gutema amashyamba, kwanduza ikirere n’amazi, gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, n’ingaruka ziterwa n’imirire ishingiye ku nyamaswa ku kibazo cy’ikirere.
Inyuma ya buri murima wibanze harimo urunigi rwangiza ibidukikije: amashyamba yatunganijwe kugirango agaburirwe amatungo, ahantu hatuwe kubera kurisha, hamwe n’amazi menshi n’ingano byerekejwe mu matungo aho kuba abantu. Umwuka wa metani uva mu bihuha, gutemba kw'ifumbire mvaruganda, hamwe n'ingufu zikenerwa mu gukonjesha no gutwara abantu byose birahurira hamwe kugira ngo ubworozi bw'amatungo bube imwe mu nganda zangiza ibidukikije ku isi. Ikoresha ubutaka, ikuraho amazi, hamwe nuburozi bwibinyabuzima - mugihe yihishe inyuma yibeshya.
Mugusuzuma ibi bintu, duhatirwa kwibaza gusa uburyo inyamaswa zifatwa, ahubwo nuburyo guhitamo ibiryo bigira ejo hazaza h'isi. Kwangiza ibidukikije ntabwo ari ingaruka za kure - ni ingaruka zitaziguye za sisitemu yubatswe ku bikorwa rusange. Gusobanukirwa igipimo cyo kurimbuka nintambwe yambere iganisha ku mpinduka, kandi iki cyiciro kiratanga urumuri rwihutirwa rwo kwerekeza muburyo burambye, bwuzuye impuhwe.

Ubworozi bw'uruganda, urufatiro rw’inyama z’inganda n’umusaruro w’amata, uragenda unengwa kubera ingaruka mbi zagize ku mibereho y’inyamaswa ndetse n’ubuzima rusange. Usibye ibibazo by'imyitwarire yerekeye gufata nabi inyamaswa, ibyo bikorwa ni ahantu h’indwara zonotike, kurwanya antibiyotike, n'indwara ziterwa n'ibiribwa - bikaba byangiza ubuzima bw'abantu. Imiterere yuzuye, isuku nke, hamwe no gukoresha antibiyotike ikabije ntabwo byangiza inyamaswa gusa ahubwo binatera inzira inzira ziterwa na virusi nka Salmonella na E. coli kugirango zanduze ibyo kurya byacu. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma isano iri hagati yubugizi bwa nabi bw’inyamaswa mu mirima y’uruganda n’ingaruka zayo ku buzima rusange bw’abaturage mu gihe hagaragazwa igisubizo gishobora guteza imbere uburyo bwizewe, bwuzuye impuhwe ku musaruro w’ibiribwa

Urugendo rwinkoko broiler kuva mubyumba kugeza ku isahani yo kurya irerekana isi yihishe yububabare ikunze kutamenyekana nabaguzi. Inyuma yorohereza inkoko zihendutse hariho gahunda iterwa no gukura byihuse, imiterere yabantu benshi, hamwe nubumuntu butagira inyungu bushyira imbere inyungu kuruta imibereho yinyamaswa. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibibazo by’imyitwarire, ingaruka z’ibidukikije, n’ingorabahizi zashyizwe mu nganda z’inkoko broiler, isaba abasomyi guhangana n’igiciro nyacyo cy’umusaruro w’inkoko. Mugushakisha uko ibintu bimeze no guharanira impinduka, dushobora gutera intambwe ifatika mugushiraho uburyo bwibiryo bwuzuye impuhwe kandi burambye

Kurwanya antibiyotike no kwanduza imyanda y’ubuhinzi bw’amatungo ni ibibazo byihutirwa ku isi bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima rusange bw’abaturage, urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ndetse no kwihaza mu biribwa. Gukoresha buri gihe antibiyotike mu bworozi bw’amatungo hagamijwe kuzamura imikurire no kwirinda indwara byagize uruhare mu kuzamuka gukabije kwa bagiteri zirwanya antibiyotike, bikangiza imikorere y’ubuvuzi bwa ngombwa. Muri icyo gihe, imyanda icungwa nabi ituruka ku bikorwa byo kugaburira amatungo (CAFOs) itangiza imyanda yangiza-harimo ibisigisigi bya antibiotike, imisemburo, nintungamubiri zirenze urugero - mu butaka n’amazi. Uku kwanduza guhungabanya ubuzima bwo mu mazi, bikabangamira ubwiza bw’amazi, kandi byihutisha ikwirakwizwa rya bagiteri zidakira binyuze mu nzira z’ibidukikije. Gukemura ibyo bibazo bisaba uburyo bwo guhinga burambye bushyira imbere uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha antibiyotike hamwe n’ingamba zikomeye zo gucunga imyanda mu rwego rwo kurengera ubuzima bw’abantu no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Kwiyongera kwisi kwisi kubicuruzwa byinyamanswa byatumye abantu benshi bahinga ubuhinzi bwuruganda, sisitemu ishingiye cyane kumusaruro wibiryo byinganda. Munsi y’ibikorwa byayo hagaragara umubare munini w’ibidukikije - gutema amashyamba, gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, hamwe n’umwanda w’amazi ni zimwe mu ngaruka mbi ziterwa no guhinga ibihingwa byitwa monocult nka soya n'ibigori byo kugaburira amatungo. Iyi myitozo irangiza umutungo kamere, yangiza ubuzima bwubutaka, ihungabanya urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, kandi iremerera abaturage baho mu gihe ingufu z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ibiciro by’ibidukikije by’umusaruro w’ibiryo ku nyamaswa zo mu ruganda kandi ikagaragaza ko hakenewe cyane ibisubizo birambye birinda isi yacu kandi bigateza imbere ubuhinzi bw’imyitwarire myiza.

Inyanja yacu, ikungahaye ku buzima no ku binyabuzima, ihura n’iterabwoba rigenda ryiyongera: kwaguka byihuse ahantu hapfuye inyanja. Uturere, aho urugero rwa ogisijeni yagabanutse ndetse nubuzima bwo mu nyanja ntibushobora gutera imbere, bigenda bihuzwa n’ingaruka ku bidukikije by’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa. Kuva ifumbire mvaruganda itera uburabyo bwangiza bwa algal kugeza umwanda uva mu myanda y’amatungo n’umusaruro w’ibiryo, ubuhinzi bw’inganda bwangiza cyane urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma uburyo uburyo bw’ubuhinzi budashoboka bugira uruhare mu turere twapfuye mu nyanja kandi bugaragaza ibisubizo bifatika - nko gufata indyo y’ibihingwa no guteza imbere ubuhinzi burambye - bishobora gufasha kurinda inyanja yacu ibisekuruza bizaza.

Ubuhinzi bw’amatungo n’ingenzi ariko bukunze kwirengagizwa kugira uruhare mu guhumanya ikirere no kohereza ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, bikarenga ndetse n’ubwikorezi mu ngaruka z’ibidukikije. Kuva imyuka ya metani ifitanye isano no gusya amatungo kugeza gutema amashyamba yo kurisha no guhinga ibiryo, uru ruganda rufite uruhare runini mu kwihutisha imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kugabanuka kw’ibidukikije. Mugihe imbaraga zisi zigenda ziyongera mukurwanya izo mbogamizi, gusobanukirwa umubare w’ibidukikije by’inyama n’amata bigenda biba ngombwa. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ingaruka zigera ku buhinzi bw’inyamanswa, ikagaragaza ibisubizo birambye nk’ubuhinzi bushya bwo kongera umusaruro ndetse n’imirire ishingiye ku bimera, kandi bishimangira uburyo guhitamo abaguzi kumenyeshwa hamwe na politiki ya guverinoma ikomeye bishobora gutera impinduka zifatika zigana ejo hazaza heza.

Inyuma y'ibicuruzwa by'inyama bipfunyitse neza mu maduka hari ukuri kubabaje: gushakisha ubudahwema inyungu mu nganda z’inyama biza ku giciro cyangiza ubuzima bw’inyamaswa, ibidukikije, n’ubuzima rusange. Amamiliyaridi yinyamanswa yumutima yihanganira ubuzima bwubugome nububabare mumirima yinganda no kubagamo, bifatwa nkibikoresho gusa byo gutwika sisitemu idashoboka. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibibazo by’imyitwarire, kwangiza ibidukikije, n’ingaruka z’ubuzima ziterwa n’umusaruro w’inyama mu nganda mu gihe hagaragazwa uburyo amahitamo y’abaguzi ashobora gutanga inzira y’ejo hazaza h’impuhwe kandi zirambye.

Ubuhinzi bwuruganda bwagaragaye nkimbaraga ziganje mu musaruro w’ibiribwa ku isi, ariko umubare w’ibidukikije ntushobora kwirengagiza. Gukenera ubudahwema inyama, amata, n'amagi bitera amashyamba manini no kwangiza aho gutura, amashyamba yaranduwe kugira ngo yakire amatungo kandi ahinge ibihingwa bigaburira nka soya. Iyi myitozo ntabwo yambura umubumbe w’ibinyabuzima gusa ahubwo inashimangira imihindagurikire y’ikirere irekura imyuka myinshi ya karuboni mu kirere. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma uburyo ubuhinzi bw’uruganda butera kwangiza ibidukikije kandi bukerekana ibisubizo bifatika bishobora guha inzira gahunda y’ibiribwa birambye kandi bikarinda urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima by’isi yacu

Ubuhinzi bw’uruganda, cyangwa ubuhinzi bw’inganda, bwagaragaye nkimbaraga ziganje mu musaruro w’ibiribwa, ariko ibidukikije byangiza amazi n’ubutaka ni byinshi. Ubu buryo bukomeye bushingiye ku nyongeramusaruro, antibiyotike, hamwe n’imikorere ya monoculture ihungabanya urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima kandi ikangiza umutungo kamere. Kuva kwanduza inzira zamazi hamwe nintungamubiri zikungahaye ku ntungamubiri kugeza uburumbuke bwubutaka binyuze mu gukoresha cyane no gutwarwa n’isuri, ingaruka ziterwa ni nyinshi kandi ziteye ubwoba. Hamwe no gukoresha amazi menshi no gusenya aho kwihutisha gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ubuhinzi bw’uruganda butera ibibazo bikomeye kuramba. Gucukumbura izo ngaruka byerekana ko byihutirwa ibikorwa byangiza ibidukikije kugirango tubungabunge umutungo wingenzi wumubumbe wacu ibisekuruza bizaza

Ibikomoka ku bimera byerekana ihinduka rikomeye muburyo tubona no gufata inyamaswa, guhangana na sisitemu yashinze imizi mu gihe duteza imbere impuhwe, uburinganire, no kuramba. Kurenza ibyo kurya byokurya, nigikorwa gishinze imizi muburyo bwo kwanga gukoresha inyamaswa nkibicuruzwa. Mu gukurikiza imibereho y’ibikomoka ku bimera, abantu bahagurukira kurwanya ubugome n’ibidukikije mu gihe bakemura akarengane kagari k’abaturage kajyanye n’ibi bikorwa byo gukoresha nabi. Iyi filozofiya isaba kumenya agaciro k’ibinyabuzima byose bifite imyumvire kandi bigatera impinduka zifatika zigana ku isi irenganuye kandi ihuza abantu, inyamaswa, ndetse nisi yose.