Umwiza

Iki gice kiragaragaza ibiciro by’ibidukikije mu buhinzi bw’amatungo y’inganda - ibiciro bikunze kwihishwa inyuma y’ibipfunyika bifite isuku n’ibikoreshwa bisanzwe. Hano, turagaragaza uburyo butera isenyuka ry’ibidukikije: gutema amashyamba menshi y’amashyamba y’imvura n’inzuri no kugaburira ibihingwa, kugabanuka kwinyanja binyuze mu burobyi bw’inganda, kwanduza imigezi nubutaka n’imyanda y’inyamaswa, no gusohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere nka metani na okiside ya nitrous. Ibi ntabwo ari ibisubizo byonyine cyangwa impanuka - byubatswe muburyo bwa sisitemu ifata inyamaswa nkibicuruzwa nisi nkigikoresho.
Kuva kwangiza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima kugeza ubushyuhe bw’ikirere, ubuhinzi bw’inganda buri hagati y’ibibazo byihutirwa by’ibidukikije. Iki cyiciro gikuramo ibyo byangiritse byibanda ku nsanganyamatsiko eshatu zifitanye isano: Kwangiza ibidukikije, byerekana urugero rw’irimbuka ryatewe n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, umwanda, ndetse no gutakaza aho gutura; Ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja, bigaragaza ingaruka mbi zo kuroba cyane no kwangirika kw'inyanja; no Kuramba no Gukemura, byerekana inzira igana ku mafunguro ashingiye ku bimera, imikorere mishya, no guhindura gahunda. Binyuze muri izo lens, turwanya igitekerezo cyuko kwangiza ibidukikije nigiciro gikenewe cyiterambere.
Inzira igana imbere ntabwo ishoboka gusa - iragaragara. Mugihe tumenye isano iri hagati yimikorere yacu y'ibiribwa, urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima, n'inshingano mbonezamubano, dushobora gutangira kubaka umubano wacu n'isi. Iki cyiciro kiraguhamagarira gushakisha ibibazo hamwe nigisubizo, gutanga ubuhamya no gukora. Mugukora ibyo, twemeza icyerekezo cyo kuramba atari igitambo, ahubwo nkigikiza; ntabwo ari imipaka, ahubwo nk'ukwibohoza - ku Isi, ku nyamaswa, no ku gisekuru kizaza.

Mu gihe ibyifuzo by’ibiribwa birambye bikomeje kwiyongera, abantu benshi bahindukirira ubundi buryo bwa poroteyine mu rwego rwo kurya neza ari nako bigabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije. Kuva ku bimera bishingiye ku bimera nka tofu na quinoa kugeza kuri poroteyine zishingiye ku dukoko, ibishoboka biva mu zindi poroteyine biratandukanye kandi ni byinshi. Ariko ubu buryo bushobora kuba bwiza kandi bukora neza? Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzasesengura inyungu, agaciro kintungamubiri, imigani isanzwe, nuburyo bwo kwinjiza ubundi buryo bwa poroteyine mumirire yawe. Inyungu zo Kwinjiza Ubundi buryo bwa poroteyine Hariho inyungu nyinshi zo gushyiramo ubundi buryo bwa poroteyine mu mirire yawe. Dore zimwe mu mpamvu zituma ugomba gutekereza kubongerera amafunguro yawe: Agaciro k'imirire yubundi buryo bwa poroteyine Inkomoko nyinshi za poroteyine nyinshi zikungahaye kuri acide ya amine ya ngombwa, bigatuma ihitamo poroteyine yuzuye. Amasoko amwe n'amwe ya poroteyine, nka quinoa na tofu, nayo afite vitamine n'imyunyu ngugu. Ibihimbano Bisanzwe Kubijyanye nubundi buryo…

Guhitamo ibiryo bya buri munsi birenze kure amasahani yacu, bigahindura ubuzima bwumubumbe wacu muburyo bwimbitse. Nubwo uburyohe nimirire byiganje mubyemezo byimirire, ikirere cyibidukikije mubyo turya nacyo kirakomeye. Impaka hagati yimirire ishingiye ku nyama n’ibimera zishingiye ku bimera zongerewe imbaraga mu gihe imyumvire igenda yiyongera ku ngaruka zitandukanye cyane ku mutungo, ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ndetse n’ibidukikije. Kuva kubungabunga amazi nubutaka kugeza kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere no gutema amashyamba, indyo ishingiye ku bimera igaragara nkigikoresho gikomeye cyo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye. Menya uburyo guhinduranya ibiryo-bitera imbere bishobora gufasha kurengera ibidukikije mugihe utegura inzira y'ejo hazaza heza

Urugendo rw’ibikomoka ku bimera rwagiye rwiyongera mu myaka yashize, aho abantu benshi bagenda bahitamo gufata indyo y’ibimera ku buzima bwabo, ibidukikije, ndetse n’imibereho y’inyamaswa. Iyi mibereho ntabwo ireba ibyo turya gusa, ahubwo ireba indangagaciro n'imyizerere dushyigikira. Muguhitamo kujya mu bimera, abantu ku giti cyabo bahagurukira kurwanya inganda n’inganda zikunze kuba inganda z’inyama n’amata, kandi bagaharanira isi irangwa n'impuhwe kandi zirambye. Usibye inyungu zumubiri zimirire ishingiye ku bimera, hari ningingo ikomeye yimyitwarire nimyitwarire muriyi mikorere. Mugukuraho ibikomoka ku nyamaswa mu mafunguro yacu, tuba tugabanya cyane uruhare rwacu mu kubabaza inyamaswa no kubikoresha. Kurenga ingaruka z'umuntu ku giti cye, uruganda rw’ibikomoka ku bimera narwo rufite ingaruka nini mu baturage, kubera ko rurwanya uko ibintu bimeze kandi bigashishikarizwa guhinduka mu nzira yo gutekereza no kugirira impuhwe…

Mu gihe abatuye isi bakomeje kwiyongera ku buryo butigeze bubaho, hakenewe ibisubizo by’ibiribwa birambye kandi neza. Muri iki gihe gahunda y’ibiribwa ku isi ihura n’ibibazo byinshi nk’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, kwihaza mu biribwa, ndetse no kwangiza ibidukikije, biragaragara ko ari ngombwa guhindura imikorere irambye. Igisubizo kimwe cyitabiriwe cyane mumyaka yashize nukwemeza indyo ishingiye kubihingwa. Ntabwo ubu buryo butanga inyungu nyinshi mubuzima, ahubwo bufite n'ubushobozi bwo gukemura ibibazo byinshi byangiza ibidukikije n’imyitwarire bijyanye na gahunda y'ibiribwa byubu. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura igitekerezo cyo kurya bishingiye ku bimera n’uruhare rwacyo mu gushyiraho ejo hazaza heza ku baturage bacu biyongera. Duhereye ku ngaruka z’ibidukikije by’ubuhinzi bw’inyamanswa kugeza kuzamuka kw’ibindi bimera bishingiye ku bimera no kwiyongera ku mibereho y’ibimera n’ibikomoka ku bimera, tuzasuzuma…

Isi ihura n’ibibazo byinshi, kuva kwangirika kw’ibidukikije kugeza ku kibazo cy’ubuzima, kandi nta mpinduka zikenewe byigeze byihutirwa. Mu myaka yashize, habayeho kwiyongera kugana ku mibereho ishingiye ku bimera, hamwe n’ibikomoka ku bimera. Ibikomoka ku bimera ntabwo ari uguhitamo imirire gusa, ahubwo ni inzira y'ubuzima igamije kugabanya ingaruka z’inyamaswa, ibidukikije, n’ubuzima bw’abantu. Mugihe bamwe bashobora kubona ibikomoka ku bimera nkuguhitamo kugiti cyawe, ingaruka zacyo zirenze kure abantu. Imbaraga z’ibikomoka ku bimera ziri mu bushobozi bwazo bwo guteza ingaruka nziza ku isi. Mu kurwanya amahame mbonezamubano yashinze imizi no guteza imbere imibereho irangwa n'impuhwe kandi zirambye, ibikomoka ku bimera bifite ubushobozi bwo gukemura bimwe mubibazo byingutu byiki gihe cyacu. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura imbaraga z’ibikomoka ku bimera n’uburyo bishobora kuba imbaraga zimpinduka ku rwego rwisi. Kuva…

Mugihe ihinduka ryibiryo bishingiye ku bimera bigenda byiyongera, ibibazo bivuka kubyerekeye ejo hazaza h’inyamaswa zororerwa ku isi zidafite inyama. Ese ubu bwoko bwororerwa guhitamo, bugamije umusaruro w’ubuhinzi, bushobora kuzimangana? Iki kibazo gikangura ibitekerezo cyibanze mubibazo bikikije amoko yubucuruzi no kubaho kwabo hanze yubuhinzi bwinganda. Usibye impungenge zo kuzimangana, irashimangira inyungu zihindura ibidukikije n’imyitwarire yo kugabanya ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa - kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, kugarura urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, no gushyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa. Intambwe igana ku bimera ntabwo itanga impinduka zimirire gusa ahubwo ni amahirwe yo kuvugurura umubano wabantu na kamere no guteza imbere ejo hazaza heza kubinyabuzima byose.

Ubworozi bw'uruganda bwabaye inkingi y’umusaruro w’ibiribwa bigezweho, utanga inyama zihenze, amata, n’amagi kugira ngo isi ikemuke. Nyamara, ibiciro byihishe kubuzima bwabantu birakomeye kandi biteye ubwoba. Kurwanya antibiyotike iterwa no gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bikabije mu bworozi kugeza ku nyongeramusaruro zangiza ndetse n’ibicuruzwa bidafite intungamubiri bigera ku masahani yacu, ingaruka zirenze kure ibyo umuntu akoresha. Hamwe n’umwanda w’ibidukikije hamwe n’ibyago byinshi by’indwara ziterwa n’ibiribwa, ubuhinzi bw’uruganda bugaragaza ikibazo cy’ubuzima rusange. Iyi ngingo irasesengura neza izo ngaruka mugihe hagaragajwe uburyo burambye bwo guhinga nkibisubizo bifatika byo guhitamo ubuzima bwiza ndetse nigihe kizaza cyiza kubantu ndetse nisi.

Gahunda y'ibiribwa muri iki gihe niyo nyirabayazana w'impfu z’inyamaswa zirenga miliyari 9 buri mwaka. Nyamara, iyi mibare itangaje yerekana gusa imibabaro myinshi muri gahunda yacu y'ibiribwa, kuko ivuga gusa ku nyamaswa zo ku butaka. Usibye umubare w’abantu ku isi, inganda z’uburobyi zangiza ubuzima bw’inyanja, zihitana ubuzima bw’amafi y’amafi n’ibindi binyabuzima byo mu nyanja buri mwaka, haba mu buryo butaziguye kugira ngo abantu babone cyangwa bahitanwa n’ubushake bw’uburobyi. Bycatch bivuga gufata nkana ubwoko butagenewe mugihe cyo kuroba mubucuruzi. Aba bahohotewe batateganijwe akenshi bahura ningaruka zikomeye, uhereye ku gukomeretsa no gupfa kugeza guhungabanya ibidukikije. Iyi nyandiko iragaragaza ibipimo bitandukanye byacatch, itanga urumuri ku byangiritse ku ngwate zatewe n’uburobyi bw’inganda. Kuki inganda zuburobyi ari mbi? Inganda z’uburobyi zikunze kunengwa imikorere myinshi igira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije byo mu nyanja…

Soya yabaye intandaro yo kuganira kubyerekeye kuramba, imirire, ndetse nigihe kizaza cyibiribwa. Yizihizwa cyane kubera byinshi bihindura hamwe n’inyungu zishingiye kuri poroteyine, irasuzumwa kandi ku bidukikije ndetse no guhuza amashyamba. Nyamara, impaka nyinshi zuzuyemo imigani namakuru atari yo - akenshi biterwa ninyungu. Iyi ngingo igabanya urusaku kugirango ihishure amakuru yerekeye soya: ingaruka zayo nyayo ku bidukikije, uruhare rwayo mu mirire yacu, ndetse n’uburyo guhitamo abaguzi bishobora gushyigikira gahunda y'ibiribwa birambye.

Thanksgiving ni kimwe no gushimira, guterana mumuryango, hamwe nibirori bya turkey. Ariko inyuma yimeza yibirori hari ukuri guteye ubwoba: ubuhinzi bwinganda bwingurube butera imibabaro myinshi no kwangiza ibidukikije. Buri mwaka, amamiriyoni yizi nyoni zifite ubwenge, mbonezamubano zigarukira kumiterere yabantu benshi, bagakorerwa inzira zibabaza, kandi bakicwa mbere yuko bagera mubuzima bwabo busanzwe - byose kugirango babone ibiruhuko. Usibye impungenge z’imibereho y’inyamaswa, inganda za karuboni zitera kwibaza ibibazo byingutu birambye. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibiciro byihishe kuriyi migenzo mugihe harebwa uburyo amahitamo yatekereje ashobora gukora ejo hazaza h'impuhwe no kwita kubidukikije