Fata Abikorwa – Humane Foundation

Fata Igikorwa niho imyumvire ihinduka imbaraga. Iki cyiciro ni igishushanyo mbonera gifatika kubantu bashaka guhuza indangagaciro zabo nibikorwa byabo kandi bakagira uruhare rugaragara mukubaka isi nziza, irambye. Kuva mubuzima bwa buri munsi guhinduka mubikorwa binini byubuvugizi, irashakisha inzira zitandukanye ziganisha kumyitwarire myiza no guhindura gahunda.
Ikubiyemo ingingo zinyuranye - uhereye ku kurya birambye no kugura ibicuruzwa kugeza ku ivugurura ry’amategeko, uburezi rusange, no gukangurira abaturage bo mu nzego z'ibanze - iki cyiciro gitanga ibikoresho n’ubushishozi bukenewe kugira uruhare rugaragara mu bikorwa by’ibikomoka ku bimera. Waba urimo ushakisha ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera, wiga uburyo bwo kuyobora imigani n'ibitekerezo bitari byo, cyangwa gushaka ubuyobozi ku bijyanye no kwishora mu bikorwa bya politiki no kuvugurura politiki, buri gice gitanga ubumenyi bufatika bujyanye n'inzego zitandukanye z'inzibacyuho no kubigiramo uruhare.
Kurenza guhamagarira impinduka z'umuntu ku giti cye, Fata ingamba zerekana imbaraga zo gutunganya abaturage, ubuvugizi bw'abaturage, hamwe n'ijwi rusange mu gushiraho isi irangwa n'impuhwe kandi iringaniye. Irashimangira ko impinduka zidashoboka gusa-biramaze kuba. Waba uri mushya ushaka intambwe zoroshye cyangwa umuvugizi w'inararibonye uharanira ivugurura, Fata ingamba zitanga ibikoresho, inkuru, nibikoresho byo gutera imbaraga zifatika - byerekana ko amahitamo yose afite agaciro kandi ko hamwe, dushobora kurema isi irenganura kandi yuzuye impuhwe.

Nkuko abatuye isi bakomeje kwiyongera, ni nako ibikenerwa mu biribwa. Imwe mu nkomoko y'ibanze ya poroteyine mu mafunguro yacu ni inyama, kandi kubera iyo mpamvu, kurya inyama byazamutse cyane mu myaka yashize. Nyamara, umusaruro winyama ufite ingaruka zikomeye kubidukikije. By'umwihariko, kwiyongera kw'inyama bigira uruhare mu gutema amashyamba no gutakaza aho gutura, bikaba bibangamira urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima ndetse n'ubuzima bw'isi yacu. Muri iyi ngingo, tuzasuzuma isano iri hagati yo kurya inyama, gutema amashyamba, no gutakaza aho tuba. Tuzasesengura ibyingenzi byingenzi byiyongera ku nyama ziyongera, ingaruka z’umusaruro w’inyama ku gutema amashyamba no gutakaza aho tuba, hamwe n’ibisubizo byakemuka kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke. Mugusobanukirwa isano iri hagati yo kurya inyama, gutema amashyamba, no gutakaza aho tuba, dushobora gukora kugirango dushyireho ejo hazaza heza kuri iyi si yacu ndetse natwe ubwacu. Kurya inyama bigira ingaruka ku mashyamba…

Gukoresha inyamaswa nikibazo gikwirakwira muri societe yacu ibinyejana byinshi. Kuva gukoresha inyamaswa ibiryo, imyambaro, imyidagaduro, hamwe nubushakashatsi, gukoresha inyamaswa bimaze gushinga imizi mumico yacu. Bimaze kuba ibisanzwe kuburyo benshi muri twe tutabitekerezaho kabiri. Dukunze kubishimangira tuvuga tuti: "buriwese arabikora," cyangwa nukwizera gusa ko inyamaswa ari ibiremwa bito bigamije kuduha ibyo dukeneye. Nyamara, iyi mitekerereze ntabwo yangiza inyamaswa gusa ahubwo inangiza compas yacu. Igihe kirageze cyo kwigobotora iyi nzitizi yo gukoresha no gutekereza ku mibanire yacu n’inyamaswa. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzareba uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha inyamaswa, ingaruka bigira kuri iyi si no kubayituye, nuburyo dushobora gufatanyiriza hamwe kwigobotora iyi nzitizi yangiza. Igihe kirageze ngo tujye kuri…

Mu myaka yashize, ku isi hagaragaye ubwiyongere bw'indwara zoonotique, hamwe n'indwara nka Ebola, SARS, ndetse na vuba aha, COVID-19, itera impungenge zikomeye ku buzima ku isi. Izi ndwara zikomoka ku nyamaswa, zifite ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwira vuba kandi zikagira ingaruka mbi ku bantu. Mu gihe inkomoko nyayo y’izi ndwara ikomeje kwigwa no kugibwaho impaka, hari ibimenyetso bigenda byerekana isano iri hagati y’ubuhinzi bw’amatungo. Ubworozi bw'amatungo, bukubiyemo ubworozi bw'amatungo ku biribwa, bwabaye igice cy'ingenzi mu musaruro w’ibiribwa ku isi, butanga isoko ryinjiza abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni kandi bagaburira miliyari. Nyamara, kongera ingufu no kwagura inganda byateje kwibaza ku ruhare rwayo mu kuvuka no gukwirakwiza indwara zonotike. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma isano iri hagati y’ubworozi n’indwara zoonotike, dusuzume ibintu bishobora kugira uruhare mu kuvuka no kuganira…

Muri iki gihe cya sosiyete, habaye ubwiyongere bugaragara bw’abantu bahindukirira indyo ishingiye ku bimera. Haba kubwubuzima, ibidukikije, cyangwa imyitwarire, abantu benshi bahitamo kureka ibikomoka ku nyamaswa mu ifunguro ryabo. Ariko, kubantu baturuka mumiryango ifite imigenzo ya kera yinyama nibiryo biremereye amata, iri hinduka rishobora guteza amakimbirane namakimbirane mugihe cyo kurya. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abantu benshi basanga bigoye gukomeza ubuzima bwabo bwibikomoka ku bimera mugihe bagifite kumva ko banyuzwe kandi banyuzwe mubirori byumuryango. Ukizirikana ibi, ni ngombwa gushakisha uburyo bwo gukora ibiryo biryoshye kandi byuzuye bikomoka ku bimera bishobora kwishimira abagize umuryango bose. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma akamaro k'iminsi mikuru yumuryango nuburyo bwo kurushaho kuyishyiramo dushyiramo ibikomoka ku bimera. Kuva kumafunguro gakondo yibiruhuko kugeza mubiterane bya buri munsi, tuzatanga inama nibisubizo byukuri…

Hamwe no kurushaho kumenya ingaruka mbi ziterwa na buri munsi ku bidukikije no ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, gukoresha imyitwarire myiza byabaye ingingo nyamukuru muri iki gihe. Mugihe duhuye n'ingaruka z'ibikorwa byacu, ni ngombwa kongera gusuzuma amahitamo y'ibiryo ndetse n'ingaruka zabyo. Mu myaka yashize, guteza imbere indyo ishingiye ku bimera byongerewe imbaraga mu rwego rwo kugabanya ibirenge byacu bya karubone no guteza imbere imyitwarire y’inyamaswa. Iyi ngingo izasesengura impamvu zinyuranye zituma kwimukira mu biryo bishingiye ku bimera bishobora kugira uruhare mu mibereho irambye kandi y’imyitwarire. Tuzasesengura inyungu z’ibidukikije zo kugabanya inyama n’amata y’amata, hamwe n’imyitwarire ishingiye ku nganda z’ubuhinzi bw’amatungo. Byongeye kandi, tuzasuzuma uburyo bugenda bwiyongera bwibindi bishingiye ku bimera n'ingaruka bigira ku buzima bwacu ndetse n'imibereho rusange y'isi. Na…

Mu myaka yashize, ijambo "bunny hugger" ryakoreshejwe mu gushinyagurira no gupfobya abaharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa n'imibereho myiza. Byahindutse ikirango gisebanya, bivuze uburyo bukabije bwamarangamutima no kudashyira mu gaciro kurinda inyamaswa. Nyamara, iyi myumvire ifunganye kandi yirengagiza abaharanira inyamaswa ntishobora kumenya imbaraga zikomeye ari ibikomoka ku bimera. Kurenga ku myumvire ya "bunny huggers", ibikomoka ku bimera ni urugendo rugenda rwiyongera kandi rukagira uruhare runini mu guharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa. Kuva ku myitwarire y’inyamaswa kugeza ku bidukikije, hari impamvu nyinshi zituma ibikomoka ku bimera bigomba gufatanwa uburemere nkimbaraga zikomeye zimpinduka. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma impamvu zituma ibikomoka ku bimera ari ikintu cyingenzi cy’umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa n’uburyo bitoroshye uko ibintu bimeze muri sosiyete yacu. Tuzareba ingaruka ziterwa n’ibikomoka ku bimera ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, ibidukikije,…

Ubugome bwinyamaswa nikibazo cyingutu cyitabiriwe cyane mumyaka yashize. Kuva ku gufata nabi inyamaswa mu mirima y’uruganda kugeza no gukoresha amoko yangiritse mu rwego rwo kwidagadura, gufata nabi inyamaswa ni ikibazo cy’isi yose gisaba ko byihutirwa. Ku bw'amahirwe, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, habaye impinduka zikomeye mu buryo imiryango ishinzwe imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa ikemura iki kibazo. Ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga ryahaye urubuga rukomeye ayo mashyirahamwe mu gukangurira abantu, gukusanya ibimenyetso, no kubahiriza amategeko arwanya ubugome bw'inyamaswa. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura uburyo butandukanye uburyo ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu kurwanya ubugome bw’inyamaswa. Kuva kuri drone na kamera zo kugenzura kugeza software yihariye nimbuga nkoranyambaga, tuzasesengura uburyo bushya bukoreshwa mukurinda no kubungabunga ubuzima bwinyamaswa. Byongeye kandi, tuzasuzuma ingaruka ziterambere ryikoranabuhanga kuri…

Mwisi yisi yo gucunga ibiro, habaho guhora hinjira indyo nshya, inyongera, hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora siporo byizeza kugabanuka vuba kandi bitaruhije. Nyamara, bumwe murubwo buryo ntabwo burambye kandi burashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubuzima bwacu muri rusange no kumererwa neza. Mugihe societe igenda irushaho kwita kubuzima no kubungabunga ibidukikije, icyifuzo cyo gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe kandi kirambye cyiyongereye. Ibi byatumye abantu bongera gushimishwa nimirire ishingiye ku bimera byo gucunga ibiro. Indyo zishingiye ku bimera byagaragaye ko zidashyigikira kugabanya ibiro gusa ahubwo binatanga inyungu zitandukanye ku buzima, nko kugabanya ibyago by’indwara zidakira no guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza muri rusange. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura imbaraga zikomeye zibyo kurya bishingiye ku bimera no gucunga ibiro, tuganira kuri siyanse iri inyuma kandi tunatanga inama zifatika zuburyo bwo kwinjiza aya mahitamo yimirire mubuzima bwawe kugirango utsinde igihe kirekire. Hamwe no kwibanda kuri…

Mu myaka yashize, hagaragaye ubukangurambaga no guhangayikishwa n’ingaruka ku bidukikije by’inyama gakondo n’amata. Kuva imyuka ihumanya ikirere kugeza amashyamba no kwanduza amazi, inganda z’ubworozi zagaragaye ko zagize uruhare runini mu kibazo cy’ikirere kiriho ubu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abaguzi barashaka ubundi buryo bushobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi ziterwa no guhitamo ibiryo kwisi. Ibi byatumye habaho kwiyongera kwamamara ryibimera bishingiye kuri laboratoire hamwe n’ibindi bikomoka ku matungo gakondo. Ariko hamwe namahitamo menshi aboneka, birashobora kuba byinshi kumenya ubundi buryo burambye burambye kandi bwatsi gusa. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzacengera mu isi y’inyama n’ibindi bicuruzwa by’amata, dusuzume ubushobozi bwabyo kugira ngo ejo hazaza harambye ku isi yacu. Tuzasuzuma ingaruka ku bidukikije, agaciro k'imirire, n'uburyohe bw'ubundi buryo, kimwe…

Nka societe, tumaze igihe kinini dusabwa kurya indyo yuzuye kandi itandukanye kugirango dukomeze ubuzima bwiza muri rusange. Nyamara, ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekanye ingaruka zishobora gutera ku buzima zijyanye no kurya ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bishingiye ku nyamaswa, nk'inyama n'amata. Mugihe ibyo biribwa byabaye intungamubiri mumirire myinshi numuco, ni ngombwa kumva ingaruka mbi zishobora kugira kumubiri. Kuva ibyago byinshi byindwara z'umutima kugeza bishobora guhura na hormone na bagiteri byangiza, kurya inyama n'ibikomoka ku mata byagize ingaruka ku buzima butandukanye. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzareba ingaruka zishobora guteza ubuzima ubuzima zijyanye no kurya inyama n’amata, ndetse tunashakisha ubundi buryo bwo kurya bushobora kugirira akamaro ubuzima bwacu ndetse n’ubuzima bw’isi. Hamwe nijwi ryumwuga, tuzasuzuma ibimenyetso kandi dutange ubushishozi…