Kurya Birambye - Humane Foundation

Kurya birambye byibanda ku gushyiraho gahunda y'ibiribwa ishyigikira uburinganire bw’ibidukikije igihe kirekire, imibereho y’inyamaswa, n'imibereho myiza y’abantu. Muri rusange, ishishikariza kugabanya gushingira ku bicuruzwa bikomoka ku nyamaswa no kwakira ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera bisaba umutungo kamere muke kandi bikangiza ibidukikije.
Iki cyiciro gisuzuma uburyo ibiryo biri ku masahani yacu bihura n’ibibazo byagutse ku isi nk’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, iyangirika ry’ubutaka, ibura ry’amazi, n’ubusumbane bw’imibereho. Irerekana umubare udashoboka ubuhinzi bwuruganda n’umusaruro w’ibiribwa mu nganda bifata ku isi - mu gihe byerekana uburyo amahitamo ashingiye ku bimera atanga ubundi buryo bufatika, bukomeye.
Usibye inyungu z’ibidukikije, Kurya birambye kandi bikemura ibibazo by’uburinganire bw’ibiribwa ndetse n’umutekano w’ibiribwa ku isi. Irasuzuma uburyo guhindura imirire bishobora gufasha kugaburira abaturage biyongera neza, kugabanya inzara, no kubona neza ibiryo bifite intungamubiri mumiryango itandukanye.
Muguhuza amahitamo ya buri munsi namahame arambye, iki cyiciro giha abantu kurya muburyo burinda isi, bwubaha ubuzima, kandi bufasha ibisekuruza bizaza.

Mu myaka yashize, hagiye hibandwa cyane ku mibereho irambye, kandi kubwimpamvu. Hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi bikenewe byihutirwa kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, byabaye ngombwa kuruta ikindi gihe cyose kureba amahitamo tugira mu mibereho yacu ya buri munsi agira uruhare mu birenge byacu. Mugihe benshi muritwe tuzi ingaruka zo gutwara no gukoresha ingufu kubidukikije, imirire yacu nikindi kintu gikomeye gikunze kwirengagizwa. Mubyukuri, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibiryo turya bishobora kugera kuri kimwe cya kane cyibirenge byacu muri rusange. Ibi byatumye kwiyongera kwangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, urugendo rwibanda ku guhitamo imirire idafasha ubuzima bwacu gusa ahubwo nisi. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma igitekerezo cyo kurya ibidukikije ndetse nuburyo ibiryo byacu…

Icyemezo cyo kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho amata ninyama mumirire yawe byiyongereye mumyaka yashize, biterwa nimpungenge zubuzima, ibidukikije, hamwe nibitekerezo byimyitwarire. Ubushakashatsi ninzobere nyinshi zemeza ko kuva muri ibyo bicuruzwa bishingiye ku nyamaswa bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw’umubiri n’ubwenge. Kuva kugabanya ibyago byindwara zidakira kugeza kunoza igogora no kuzamura imibereho muri rusange, iyi mibereho irashobora kuganisha ku nyungu zihinduka. Iyi ngingo izasesengura uburyo gucukura amata ninyama bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza kubuzima bwawe, bikubiyemo ibintu byose uhereye ku kwirinda indwara zidakira kugeza ubuzima bwiza bwo mu nda no guhitamo imirire irambye. Ingaruka z’amata n’inyama ku buzima bwawe Kurya amata ninyama birashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubuzima bwawe. Inyungu zo Kurandura Amata mu Mafunguro Yawe Hariho inyungu nyinshi zidashidikanywaho zo gukuraho amata mu mirire yawe: Impamvu indyo idafite inyama igenda ikundwa cyane Indyo idafite inyama ziragenda zamamara kubera…

Mu gihe impungenge z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kwangirika kw’ibidukikije zikomeje kwiyongera, biragenda bigaragara ko dukeneye guhindura ibintu bikomeye mu mibereho yacu ya buri munsi kugira ngo turinde kandi tubungabunge isi. Agace kamwe dushobora kugira ingaruka zifatika ni muguhitamo ibiryo. Ubuhinzi bw’inyamanswa n’umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku matungo byagaragaye ko ari byo byagize uruhare runini mu kwangiza imyuka ihumanya ikirere, gutema amashyamba, kubura amazi, no gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzasesengura ingaruka z’ibidukikije ku bicuruzwa by’inyamaswa n'impamvu ari ngombwa gusezera kuri ibyo bicuruzwa ku bw'isi yacu. Mugukurikiza ubundi buryo burambye kandi tugahindura ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera, turashobora kugira ingaruka nziza kubidukikije no gushiraho ejo hazaza heza kuri twe no ku gisekuru kizaza. Ingaruka ku bidukikije ku bikomoka ku nyamaswa Ubuhinzi bw’amatungo bugira uruhare mu myuka ihumanya ikirere, harimo metani na dioxyde de carbone. Ubworozi bw'amatungo busaba…

Kuva mu murima kugeza kumeza yo kurya, umusaruro wibiribwa bishingiye ku nyamaswa uzana nigiciro kinini cyibidukikije bikunze kutamenyekana. Ubuhinzi bw’amatungo butera ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, gutema amashyamba, ibura ry’amazi, n’umwanda - bitera imihindagurikire y’ikirere no gutakaza umutungo kamere ku buryo buteye ubwoba. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ingaruka zihishe zinyama, amata, nibindi bicuruzwa byinyamanswa kuri iyi si yacu mugihe hagaragajwe ibisubizo birambye hamwe nubundi buryo bushingiye ku bimera bishobora guha inzira ejo hazaza heza. Shakisha uburyo guhitamo ibiryo byunvikana bifite imbaraga zo kurinda urusobe rwibinyabuzima no kurema isi irambye ibisekuruza bizaza

Uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa n’ibikomoka ku bimera birenga imipaka ya politiki, bihuza abantu bava mu mico itandukanye ndetse n’imiryango itandukanye mu butumwa basangiye bwo kurengera no guharanira imibereho y’inyamaswa. Iyi myumvire mpuzamahanga ku burenganzira bw’inyamaswa n’ibikomoka ku bimera iragaragaza inzira zitandukanye aho abantu n’abaturage bakorera hamwe kugira ngo bahangane n’imigenzo gakondo, umuco gakondo, na politiki. Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa n’ibikomoka ku bimera Uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa n’ibikomoka ku bimera birahujwe ariko bigenda bitandukanye. Mu gihe uburenganzira bw’inyamanswa bushimangira gutekereza ku myitwarire - guharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa bwo kubaho butarangwamo imibabaro - ibikomoka ku bimera ni umuco wo kwirinda ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku nyamaswa mu mirire no mu mibereho nkuguhitamo imyitwarire. Izi ngendo zombi zashinze imizi mu kumva ko abantu bafite inshingano zo kugabanya ibibi no gukoreshwa. Imyitwarire ya Ethique Igitekerezo cyimyitwarire yo kurwanya inyamaswa ziroroshye: inyamaswa ni ibiremwa bifite ubuzima bushobora kubabara, umunezero, nububabare. Imyitozo nko guhinga uruganda,…

Mugihe icyifuzo cyibiribwa kigenda cyiyongera hamwe nabatuye isi biyongera, ibisubizo byubuhinzi burambye kandi bwimyitwarire bigenda byiyongera. Ubuhinzi bw’inyamanswa gakondo burimo gukurikiranwa ku ngaruka z’ibidukikije ndetse n’ingaruka zishingiye ku myitwarire, bigatuma udushya tugana ku bundi buryo butarangwamo ubugome. Ubuhinzi buhanitse bugabanya umwanya mugihe hagabanywa imiti yica udukoko, kandi inyama zatewe na laboratoire zitanga ubumuntu bwubuhinzi bwuruganda - byombi byizeza kuvugurura umusaruro wibiribwa. Iterambere rikemura ibibazo bikomeye nk’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, kwihaza mu biribwa, n’imibereho y’inyamaswa bitabangamiye ubuziranenge cyangwa imirire. Menya uburyo ubu buryo bwubupayiniya butanga ejo hazaza h’impuhwe kandi zirambye kubuhinzi

Ubugome bwinyamaswa mumirima yinganda nikibazo gikomeye kigomba gukemurwa. Kuvura inyamaswa muribi bigo akenshi ni ubumuntu kandi nta mpuhwe. Kubwamahirwe, hari igisubizo gishobora gufasha kugabanya iki kibazo - ibikomoka ku bimera. Muguhitamo gukurikiza ubuzima bwibikomoka ku bimera, abantu barashobora kugira uruhare mukurangiza ubugome bwinyamaswa mumirima yinganda. Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzasuzuma ingaruka ziterwa n’ibikomoka ku bimera ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, ibyiza byo guhitamo ibikomoka ku bimera, n’uburyo bishobora guteza ejo hazaza h’ubugome butagira ubugome. Twifatanije natwe gusobanukirwa uruhare rukomeye ibikomoka ku bimera bigira mu kurwanya ubugome bw’inyamaswa no gufata ingamba zo kurushaho gufata neza inyamaswa mu buhinzi bw’uruganda. Ingaruka z’ibikomoka ku bimera ku bugome bw’inyamaswa mu mirima y’uruganda Ibikomoka ku bimera biteza imbere impuhwe ku nyamaswa birinda kubikoresha mu mirima y’uruganda. Muguhitamo ubuzima bwibikomoka ku bimera, abantu barashobora gufasha kugabanya…

Ubugabo bumaze igihe kinini bujyanye nibitekerezo gakondo nkimbaraga, igitero, no kuganza. Iyi myumvire yashinze imizi muri societe yacu ibinyejana byinshi, ikomezwa nibitangazamakuru hamwe nibyifuzo byabaturage. Ariko, uko imyumvire yacu yuburinganire nindangamuntu igenda ihinduka, biragenda bigaragara ko ibyo bisobanuro bigufi byubugabo bigarukira kandi byangiza. Bumwe mu buryo bwo guhangana n'iyi myumvire ni ukumenyereza ibikomoka ku bimera. Akenshi bifatwa nkuguhitamo indyo cyangwa icyerekezo, ibikomoka ku bimera mubyukuri bikubiyemo indangagaciro n'imyizerere ishobora gusobanura ubugabo muburyo bwiza kandi butanga imbaraga. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura uburyo ibikomoka ku bimera bisenya imyumvire gakondo yubugabo, bitanga ibitekerezo bishya kandi bitera imbere kubyo bisobanura kuba umugabo. Iyo dusuzumye amasangano yubugabo n’ibikomoka ku bimera, dushobora gusobanukirwa byimazeyo uburyo iyi mibereho ishobora kurwanya amahame y’uburinganire yangiza kandi igatanga inzira…

Mu gihe abatuye isi bakomeje kwiyongera ku buryo buteye ubwoba, bivugwa ko mu 2050, hazaba hari abantu barenga miliyari 9 zo kugaburira. Hamwe n'ubutaka n'umutungo muke, ikibazo cyo gutanga imirire ihagije kuri bose kiragenda cyihutirwa. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka mbi z’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa ku bidukikije, ndetse n’imyitwarire y’imyitwarire ijyanye no gufata neza inyamaswa, byatumye isi ihinduka ku mafunguro ashingiye ku bimera. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura ubushobozi bw’imirire ishingiye ku bimera kugira ngo ikemure inzara ku isi, n’uburyo iyi nzira y’imirire ishobora guha inzira ejo hazaza harambye kandi haringaniye. Duhereye ku nyungu ziva mu biribwa bishingiye ku bimera kugeza ku bunini bw’ubuhinzi bushingiye ku bimera, tuzasuzuma uburyo butandukanye ubwo buryo bw’imirire bushobora gufasha kugabanya inzara no guteza imbere umutekano w’ibiribwa ku isi. Byongeye kandi, tuzaganira kandi ku ruhare rwa guverinoma, imiryango, n'abantu ku giti cyabo mu kuzamura…