Igikorwa rusange - Humane Foundation

Umuganda wibanda ku mbaraga zimbaraga zaho kugirango habeho impinduka zifatika zinyamaswa, abantu, nisi. Iki cyiciro cyerekana uburyo abaturanyi, amatsinda yo mu nzego z'ibanze, n'abayobozi b'inzego z'ibanze bahurira hamwe mu gukangurira abantu, kugabanya ibibi, no guteza imbere imibereho myiza, irambye mu baturage babo. Kuva aho kwakira ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera kugeza gutegura ibirori byuburezi cyangwa gutera inkunga ubucuruzi butarangwamo ubugome, buri gikorwa cyaho kigira uruhare mubikorwa byisi.
Izi mbaraga zifata uburyo bwinshi - guhera mu gutangiza ibimera by’ibiribwa bishingiye ku bimera ndetse n’ibikorwa by’uburezi kugeza gutegura inkunga yo kubakira amatungo cyangwa guharanira ko politiki ihinduka ku rwego rwa komini. Binyuze muri ibyo bikorwa byukuri, abaturage bahinduka imbaraga zikomeye zo guhinduka, byerekana ko mugihe abantu bakorera hamwe bakurikiza indangagaciro zisangiwe, barashobora guhindura imyumvire yabaturage kandi bakubaka ibidukikije byimpuhwe kubantu ninyamaswa.
Ubwanyuma, ibikorwa byabaturage bijyanye no kubaka impinduka zirambye kuva hasi. Iha imbaraga abantu basanzwe guhinduka abahinduzi aho batuye, byerekana ko iterambere rifite intego ritajya ritangirira mu ngoro za leta cyangwa mu nama rusange ku isi - akenshi ritangirana no kuganira, ifunguro risangiwe, cyangwa gahunda yaho. Rimwe na rimwe, impinduka zikomeye zitangirana no gutega amatwi, guhuza, no gukorana nabandi kugirango imyanya dusangiye irusheho kugira imyitwarire myiza, ikubiyemo, kandi yemeza ubuzima.

Gukoresha inyamaswa nikibazo gikwirakwira muri societe yacu ibinyejana byinshi. Kuva gukoresha inyamaswa ibiryo, imyambaro, imyidagaduro, hamwe nubushakashatsi, gukoresha inyamaswa bimaze gushinga imizi mumico yacu. Bimaze kuba ibisanzwe kuburyo benshi muri twe tutabitekerezaho kabiri. Dukunze kubishimangira tuvuga tuti: "buriwese arabikora," cyangwa nukwizera gusa ko inyamaswa ari ibiremwa bito bigamije kuduha ibyo dukeneye. Nyamara, iyi mitekerereze ntabwo yangiza inyamaswa gusa ahubwo inangiza compas yacu. Igihe kirageze cyo kwigobotora iyi nzitizi yo gukoresha no gutekereza ku mibanire yacu n’inyamaswa. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzareba uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha inyamaswa, ingaruka bigira kuri iyi si no kubayituye, nuburyo dushobora gufatanyiriza hamwe kwigobotora iyi nzitizi yangiza. Igihe kirageze ngo tujye kuri…

Mu myaka yashize, ijambo "bunny hugger" ryakoreshejwe mu gushinyagurira no gupfobya abaharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa n'imibereho myiza. Byahindutse ikirango gisebanya, bivuze uburyo bukabije bwamarangamutima no kudashyira mu gaciro kurinda inyamaswa. Nyamara, iyi myumvire ifunganye kandi yirengagiza abaharanira inyamaswa ntishobora kumenya imbaraga zikomeye ari ibikomoka ku bimera. Kurenga ku myumvire ya "bunny huggers", ibikomoka ku bimera ni urugendo rugenda rwiyongera kandi rukagira uruhare runini mu guharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa. Kuva ku myitwarire y’inyamaswa kugeza ku bidukikije, hari impamvu nyinshi zituma ibikomoka ku bimera bigomba gufatanwa uburemere nkimbaraga zikomeye zimpinduka. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma impamvu zituma ibikomoka ku bimera ari ikintu cyingenzi cy’umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa n’uburyo bitoroshye uko ibintu bimeze muri sosiyete yacu. Tuzareba ingaruka ziterwa n’ibikomoka ku bimera ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, ibidukikije,…

Ubugome bwinyamaswa nikibazo cyingutu cyitabiriwe cyane mumyaka yashize. Kuva ku gufata nabi inyamaswa mu mirima y’uruganda kugeza no gukoresha amoko yangiritse mu rwego rwo kwidagadura, gufata nabi inyamaswa ni ikibazo cy’isi yose gisaba ko byihutirwa. Ku bw'amahirwe, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, habaye impinduka zikomeye mu buryo imiryango ishinzwe imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa ikemura iki kibazo. Ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga ryahaye urubuga rukomeye ayo mashyirahamwe mu gukangurira abantu, gukusanya ibimenyetso, no kubahiriza amategeko arwanya ubugome bw'inyamaswa. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura uburyo butandukanye uburyo ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu kurwanya ubugome bw’inyamaswa. Kuva kuri drone na kamera zo kugenzura kugeza software yihariye nimbuga nkoranyambaga, tuzasesengura uburyo bushya bukoreshwa mukurinda no kubungabunga ubuzima bwinyamaswa. Byongeye kandi, tuzasuzuma ingaruka ziterambere ryikoranabuhanga kuri…

Muraho, abakunzi b'inyamaswa n'inshuti zita ku bidukikije! Uyu munsi, tugiye kwibira mu ngingo ishobora kuba idashimishije kuganira, ariko imwe ifite akamaro gakomeye: imirima yinganda. Ibi bikorwa bikomeye ntabwo ari ugukora ibiryo ku rugero runini - bigira uruhare runini mu gukwirakwiza indwara no kwangiza ibidukikije. Reka dusuzume uruhande rwijimye rwo guhinga uruganda n'impamvu ari ngombwa gukemura ibyo bibazo. Kwanduza indwara mu mirima y'uruganda Kimwe mu bintu bihangayikishije imirima y'uruganda ni uburyo bishobora guhinduka ahantu ho kororera indwara. Shushanya ibi: inyamaswa zipakiye hamwe ahantu hafunzwe, byoroshye byoroshye indwara gukwirakwira nkumuriro. Kuba hafi no mubihe bitesha umutwe bigabanya intege nke z'umubiri wabo, bigatuma barwara indwara. Ibi na byo, byongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara mu nyamaswa ziri mu murima. Ni iki ndetse…

Ubugome bwinyamaswa nikibazo gikwirakwira kigira ingaruka zikomeye ku nyamaswa zirimo ndetse na societe muri rusange. Kwangiza nkana kwangiza umubiri cyangwa amarangamutima ku nyamaswa hagamijwe abantu, haba mu myidagaduro, ibiryo, cyangwa izindi mpamvu, ni ubwoko bwihohoterwa rifite ingaruka zikomeye. Ingaruka mbi zubugome bwinyamaswa zirenze abahohotewe, kuko nazo zigira ingaruka zikomeye mumitekerereze. Ibyangijwe n’inyamaswa ntabwo bibangamira uburenganzira bwabo bwibanze gusa ahubwo binagira ingaruka kumibereho yabantu nabaturage. Nkibyo, gusobanukirwa ningaruka zo mumitekerereze yubugome bwinyamaswa ningirakamaro mugukemura iki kibazo cyingutu. Muri iki kiganiro, twibanze ku buryo butandukanye uburyo ubugome bw’inyamaswa bugira ingaruka kuri sosiyete no ku bantu ku giti cyabo, tugaragaza ingaruka zabyo ku buzima bwo mu mutwe, impuhwe, ndetse n’imibereho. Mugutanga urumuri kuri iki kintu cyirengagizwa cyubugome bwinyamaswa, turizera…

Ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana ningaruka zaryo ndende ryarigishijwe cyane kandi ryanditse. Ariko, ikintu kimwe gikunze kutamenyekana ni isano iri hagati yo guhohotera abana nibikorwa byubugome bwinyamaswa. Iyi sano yagaragaye kandi yizwe ninzobere mubyerekeranye na psychologiya, sociologie, n'imibereho myiza yinyamaswa. Mu myaka yashize, ibibazo by'ubugome bw'inyamaswa byagiye byiyongera kandi bimaze kuba impungenge kuri sosiyete yacu. Ingaruka zibyo bikorwa ntabwo zigira ingaruka ku nyamaswa zinzirakarengane gusa ahubwo zigira n'ingaruka zikomeye kubantu bakora ibikorwa nkibi. Binyuze mu bushakashatsi butandukanye bwakozwe nubuzima busanzwe, byagaragaye ko hari isano rikomeye hagati yihohoterwa rikorerwa abana nibikorwa byubugome bwinyamaswa. Iyi ngingo igamije gucengera cyane muriyi ngingo no gucukumbura impamvu zitera iri sano. Gusobanukirwa iyi sano ni ngombwa kugirango wirinde ibikorwa bizaza…

Ubugome bw’inyamaswa ni ikibazo gikwirakwira mu baturage mu binyejana byinshi, aho ibiremwa by’inzirakarengane bitabarika byahohotewe, kutita ku bikorwa, no gukoreshwa nabi. Nubwo hashyizweho ingamba zo gukumira iyi ngeso mbi, iracyari ikibazo cyiganje mu bice byinshi byisi. Ariko, hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga, ubu hariho urumuri rwicyizere mukurwanya ubugome bwinyamaswa. Kuva muburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura amakuru kugeza kubuhanga bushya bwo gusesengura amakuru, ikoranabuhanga rihindura uburyo twegera iki kibazo cyingutu. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura uburyo butandukanye bukoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga mu kurwanya ubugome bw’inyamaswa no kurinda icyubahiro n’imibereho myiza ya bagenzi bacu. Tuzareba kandi ingaruka ku myitwarire y’iri terambere n’uruhare abantu, imiryango, na guverinoma bigira mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ku nyungu nyinshi. Hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, turimo tubona impinduka igana kuri byinshi…

Azote nikintu cyingenzi mubuzima bwisi, igira uruhare runini mu mikurire niterambere ryibimera ninyamaswa. Nyamara, iyo azote ikabije yinjiye mu bidukikije, irashobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije no ku buzima bw’abantu. Umwe mu bagize uruhare runini muri iki kibazo ni urwego rw’ubuhinzi, cyane cyane ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa. Umusaruro n’imicungire y’amatungo, harimo inka, inkoko, n’ingurube, bifitanye isano n’umwanda mwinshi wa azote. Iyi phenomenon ibaho cyane cyane hakoreshejwe ifumbire n’ifumbire ikungahaye kuri azote, no mu myuka ya amoniya ikorwa n’imyanda y’inyamaswa. Nkuko icyifuzo cyibikomoka ku nyamaswa gikomeje kwiyongera ku isi hose, ni nako impungenge z’ingaruka z’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa ku ihumana rya azote. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma isano iri hagati y’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa n’umwanda wa azote, dusuzume ibitera, ingaruka, n’ibisubizo byabyo. Mugusobanukirwa iyi mibanire igoye,…