Igikorwa rusange - Humane Foundation

Umuganda wibanda ku mbaraga zimbaraga zaho kugirango habeho impinduka zifatika zinyamaswa, abantu, nisi. Iki cyiciro cyerekana uburyo abaturanyi, amatsinda yo mu nzego z'ibanze, n'abayobozi b'inzego z'ibanze bahurira hamwe mu gukangurira abantu, kugabanya ibibi, no guteza imbere imibereho myiza, irambye mu baturage babo. Kuva aho kwakira ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera kugeza gutegura ibirori byuburezi cyangwa gutera inkunga ubucuruzi butarangwamo ubugome, buri gikorwa cyaho kigira uruhare mubikorwa byisi.
Izi mbaraga zifata uburyo bwinshi - guhera mu gutangiza ibimera by’ibiribwa bishingiye ku bimera ndetse n’ibikorwa by’uburezi kugeza gutegura inkunga yo kubakira amatungo cyangwa guharanira ko politiki ihinduka ku rwego rwa komini. Binyuze muri ibyo bikorwa byukuri, abaturage bahinduka imbaraga zikomeye zo guhinduka, byerekana ko mugihe abantu bakorera hamwe bakurikiza indangagaciro zisangiwe, barashobora guhindura imyumvire yabaturage kandi bakubaka ibidukikije byimpuhwe kubantu ninyamaswa.
Ubwanyuma, ibikorwa byabaturage bijyanye no kubaka impinduka zirambye kuva hasi. Iha imbaraga abantu basanzwe guhinduka abahinduzi aho batuye, byerekana ko iterambere rifite intego ritajya ritangirira mu ngoro za leta cyangwa mu nama rusange ku isi - akenshi ritangirana no kuganira, ifunguro risangiwe, cyangwa gahunda yaho. Rimwe na rimwe, impinduka zikomeye zitangirana no gutega amatwi, guhuza, no gukorana nabandi kugirango imyanya dusangiye irusheho kugira imyitwarire myiza, ikubiyemo, kandi yemeza ubuzima.

Ubworozi bw'uruganda, uburyo bwateye imbere mu korora amatungo kugira ngo butange umusaruro, bwabaye imbarutso yo gutanga ibiribwa ku isi. Nyamara, munsi yuru ruganda rukora neza kandi rwunguka hari ikiguzi cyihishe kandi cyica: guhumanya ikirere. Imyuka iva mu mirima y’uruganda, harimo amoniya, metani, ibintu byangiza, hamwe n’indi myuka yangiza, bitera ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima ku baturage ndetse n’abaturage benshi. Ubu buryo bwo kwangiza ibidukikije akenshi ntibumenyekana, ariko ingaruka zubuzima ziragera kure, biganisha ku ndwara zubuhumekero, ibibazo byumutima nimiyoboro, nibindi bibazo byubuzima budakira. Igipimo cy’umwanda uhumanya n’imirima y’uruganda rw’uruganda rufite uruhare runini mu guhumanya ikirere. Ibi bikoresho bibamo inyamaswa ibihumbi n’ibihumbi zifungiwe, aho imyanda iba yegeranye ku bwinshi. Mugihe inyamaswa zisohora imyanda, imiti na gaze bisohoka mu kirere byinjizwa n’inyamaswa ndetse n’ibidukikije. Ubwinshi bwa…

Ubworozi bw'uruganda, uburyo bwo guhinga inyamaswa cyane, bumaze igihe kinini bujyanye n’ibibazo byinshi by’ibidukikije n’imyitwarire, ariko imwe mu ngaruka zangiza kandi akenshi zirengagizwa ni umwanda utanga mu kirere. Ibikorwa by’inganda bigenda byiyongera, aho inyamaswa zibikwa ahantu habi, hadafite isuku, zitanga umwanda mwinshi uhumanya ikirere ugira uruhare mu kwangiza ibidukikije, ibibazo by’ubuzima rusange n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza uburyo ubuhinzi bw’uruganda bufite uruhare runini mu guhumanya ikirere n’ingaruka zikomeye zigira ku buzima bwacu, ku bidukikije, no ku mibereho y’inyamaswa zirimo. Imyanda ihumanya y’uruganda rw’uruganda, cyangwa ibikorwa byo kugaburira amatungo (CAFOs), ibamo inyamaswa ibihumbi n’ibihumbi zifungiwe aho zitanga imyanda ku bwinshi. Ibi bikoresho nisoko ikomeye yanduza ikirere, irekura imyuka itandukanye yangiza nibintu byangiza ikirere. Ibyuka bihumanya cyane birimo: Amoniya (NH3):…

Imiryango ishinzwe imibereho myiza y’inyamanswa iri ku isonga mu guhangana n’ubugome bw’inyamaswa, ikemura ibibazo byo kutita ku ihohoterwa, guhohoterwa, no gukoreshwa n’ubwitange budacogora. Mu gutabara no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe inyamaswa zafashwe nabi, guharanira ko amategeko arengera amategeko, no kwigisha abaturage kwita ku mpuhwe, iyi miryango igira uruhare runini mu kurema isi itekanye ku binyabuzima byose. Imbaraga zabo zifatanije ninzego zubahiriza amategeko no kwiyemeza gukangurira abaturage ntibifasha gusa gukumira ubugome ahubwo binashishikarizwa gutunga amatungo ashinzwe no guhindura imibereho. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza akazi kabo gakomeye mu kurwanya ihohoterwa ry’inyamaswa mu gihe baharanira uburenganzira n’icyubahiro by’inyamaswa ahantu hose

Nubwo guhiga byigeze kuba igice cyingenzi mubuzima bwabantu, cyane cyane mumyaka 100.000 ishize mugihe abantu ba mbere bashingiraga guhiga ibiryo, uruhare rwarwo muri iki gihe ruratandukanye cyane. Muri societe ya none, guhiga byahindutse cyane cyane ibikorwa byo kwidagadura bikabije aho gukenera ibibatunga. Kubenshi mubahiga, ntabwo bikiri uburyo bwo kubaho ahubwo ni uburyo bwo kwidagadura bukunze kwangiza inyamaswa bitari ngombwa. Impamvu zitera guhiga muri iki gihe zisanzwe ziterwa no kwinezeza kugiti cyawe, gushaka ibikombe, cyangwa gushaka kwitabira imigenzo ya kera, aho gukenera ibiryo. Mubyukuri, guhiga byagize ingaruka mbi ku baturage b’inyamaswa ku isi. Yagize uruhare runini mu kuzimangana kw'ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, hamwe n'ingero zigaragara zirimo ingwe ya Tasimani na auk nini, abaturage bayo bakaba bararimbuwe n'ubukorikori. Uku kuzimangana guteye kwibutsa kwibutsa…

Kwemera ubuzima bwibikomoka ku bimera birashobora rimwe na rimwe kumva ko uri mu bwigunge mu isi yiganjemo abantu badafite ibikomoka ku bimera, ariko kubona inkunga no guhumekwa mu muryango w’ibimera bitera imbere birashobora guhindura itandukaniro. Mugihe ibikorwa bishingiye ku bimera bikomeje kwiyongera, amahirwe yo guhuza abantu bahuje ibitekerezo aragenda arushaho kuba menshi - haba mu giterane cyaho, mu matsinda yo kuri interineti, cyangwa gusangira ibyokurya. Iyi ngingo irerekana inzira zifatika zo kubaka amasano afite ireme, kuva kuvumbura resitora n’ibikomoka ku bimera ndetse n’ibikorwa kugeza kwishora mu bajyanama hamwe n’ibikorwa byunganira. Twese hamwe, turashobora gushiraho umuyoboro wimpuhwe uzamura mugenzi wawe mugihe dutezimbere impinduka nziza kubinyamaswa, umubumbe, hamwe n'imibereho yacu hamwe

Inyamaswa zo mu muhanda zishobora kureshya abagenzi n'amasezerano yo guhura hafi n’inyamaswa zishimwa, ariko inyuma ya façade hari ukuri gukabije. Ibi bintu nyaburanga bidakurikiranwa bikoresha inyamanswa mu nyungu, zifunga inyamaswa ahantu hafunganye, hatarimo ingumba zidashobora guhaza ibyo bakeneye by'ibanze. Bapfunditswe nk'imbaraga zo kwigisha cyangwa kubungabunga ibidukikije, bakomeza ubugome binyuze mu bworozi bw'agahato, kubitaho, no kubeshya. Kuva ku nyamaswa z’abana zitandukanijwe cyane na ba nyina kugeza ku bantu bakuru bihanganira ubuzima bwabo bwose, ibyo bigo byerekana ko hakenewe byihutirwa ubukerarugendo bw’imyitwarire bushyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kuruta imyidagaduro.

Ibikomoka ku bimera birimo gusobanura uburyo dutekereza ku biribwa, ubuzima, n’imyitwarire, bitanga ubundi buryo burambye n’impuhwe ku mafunguro gakondo. Nubushobozi bwayo bwo gukemura ibibazo bikomeye nkimihindagurikire y’ikirere, imibereho y’inyamaswa, ndetse n’imibereho myiza y’umuntu, ubu buzima bushingiye ku bimera bwakuze bugenda bwiyongera ku isi yose iharanira ingaruka z’umuntu ku giti cye ndetse na rusange. Kuva guca ibirenge bya karubone kugeza kubuzima butarangwamo ubugome no kugaburira umubiri ibiryo byiza bishingiye ku bimera, ibikomoka ku bimera bitanga amahirwe akomeye yo guhinduka kwiza. Waba ushakisha inyungu z’ibidukikije cyangwa ugakurikiza amahame mbwirizamuco, kwemeza ibikomoka ku bimera ni intambwe iganisha ku kurema umubumbe mwiza nisi nziza kuri bose.

Menya imbaraga zihindura za gastronomiya yibikomoka ku bimera, aho ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera bifata umwanya wambere mugutezimbere, guhanga, no kwishimira. Mu gihe abantu benshi bemera akamenyero ko kurya karambye kandi gafite impuhwe, ubuhanga bwo gukora ibiryo biryoshye bikomoka ku bimera kuri buri mwanya - haba inyuma yinyuma ya BBQ cyangwa ibirori byiza byo kurya - ntabwo byigeze bishimisha. Aka gatabo kazagutera imbaraga zo kuzamura umukino wawe wo guteka hamwe nuburyohe butangaje, umusaruro wibihe, tekinoroji yubuhanga, hamwe ningaruka zisi ku isi zirwanya imyumvire itari yo ko ibiryo bikomoka ku bimera ari bibi cyangwa bigabanya. Waba uri umuhanga mu bimera ushingiye ku bimera cyangwa ufite amatsiko yo kwinjiza byinshi mu bimera mu giterane cyawe, itegure gushimisha abashyitsi bawe amafunguro atangaje cyane nkuko biryoshye - byose mugihe bigira ingaruka nziza kubuzima no ku isi

Ihohoterwa ry’inyamanswa ni ikibazo gikomeye kandi kibabaje gifata uburyo butandukanye, uhereye ku kutita ku ihohoterwa n’ihohoterwa ry’umubiri kugeza ku mitekerereze mibi. Ni ikibazo kitoroshye cyatewe nimpamvu nyinshi zitanga umusanzu, harimo kubura amashuri, ingorane zubukungu, ibibazo byubuzima bwo mumutwe, n imyumvire yumuco ku nyamaswa. Iri hohoterwa ntabwo ryangiza inyamaswa zirimo gusa ahubwo rifite ingaruka nini muri societe, akenshi rifitanye isano nubundi bwoko bwihohoterwa. Iyi ngingo iracengera muburyo butandukanye bwo guhohotera inyamaswa ziherekejwe, zitanga isesengura rirambuye ryuburyo butandukanye inyamaswa zifatwa nabi, haba kubirengagiza, guhunika, ihohoterwa ryumubiri, cyangwa kubabaza amarangamutima. Byongeye kandi, irasuzuma impamvu zifatika zigira uruhare muri iyo myitwarire yangiza, ikerekana impamvu abantu bamwe bashobora kwishora mubikorwa nkibi. Byongeye kandi, ingingo ishimangira akamaro ko kumenya no kwigisha mukumenya ibimenyetso byo guhohotera inyamaswa. Irasobanura uburyo buri wese muri twe,…

Kutagira inyamanswa ni ikibazo cyisi yose yibasira miriyoni zinyamaswa buri mwaka. Injangwe n'imbwa byangiritse bihura n'ibibazo byinshi, birimo kubura aho kuba, ibiryo, no kwivuza. Ariko, hamwe nimbaraga rusange, turashobora kugira icyo duhindura no guha aya matungo amazu meza kandi yuje urukundo akwiye. Hano hari inzira zifatika zafasha kurangiza amazu atagira aho aba: 1. Sobanukirwa nimpamvu zitera urugo rwamatungo Amatungo menshi atagira aho aba yararangije muri ibyo bihe kubera ibihe bitabaturutseho. Mugihe bamwe bashobora gutereranwa cyangwa kubura, abandi benshi usanga badafite inzu kubera ibintu bigira ingaruka kuri ba nyirabyo. Ingorane zamafaranga, kurugero, zirashobora gutuma bidashoboka ba nyiri amatungo kubitaho no kubakira amatungo yabo akeneye. Imiterere yubuvuzi cyangwa uburwayi butunguranye muri ba nyirabyo birashobora gutuma badashobora kwita kubitungwa byabo, rimwe na rimwe bigatuma inyamanswa zishyikirizwa aho ziherereye cyangwa zigatereranwa. Amazu…