Ibigo by'inyongera y'igihugu bisobanura amategeko bisanga uruhare runini mu kurinda amategeko no kurengera umutekano mu baturage. Nubwo uruhare rw'ibanze rw'ibigo ari ukurinda ubuzima bw'abantu n'ibyago, nabo bakaba barafite uruhare runini mu gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko arinda ibidukikije. Ubwicanyi bw'ibinyabuzima ni ikibazo gikomeye cyagiye gishingwa mu myaka yashize, n'abatekelezamahanga bagashyira mu bikorwa amategeko atandukanye yo kurwanya ubwicanyi kugirango babwirindane. Ariko, ayo mategeko aba ari ingenzi iyo ari mu gushyirwa mu bikorwa, kandi ariho ibigo by'inyongera y'igihugu bisanga uruhare. Hamwe n'ongereka ry'ibibazo by'ubwicanyi bw'ibinyabuzima n'ibizana, ni ngombwa ko ibigo by'inyongera y'igihugu bisobanukirwa n'uruhare rwabo n'ibyigwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko arwanya ubwicanyi bw'ibinyabuzima. Iyi nkuru izajya mu ruhare rw'ibigo by'inyongera y'igihugu mu gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko arwanya ubwicanyi bw'ibinyabuzima, ibibazo by'abahana, n'inyamanswa zashyizweho kugirango zikore ibidukikije. Ubusobanuro bw'ingenzi y'uruhare rwabo muri iyo ngingo, ibigo by'inyongera y'igihugu bikaba byashyirwa mu bikorwa kugirango bizane umutekano kandi bikorane n'umutekano.
Amashyirahamwe ajyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ya polisi arinda amategeko arwanya ubugizi bwa nabi
Mu gushaka ubutabera no kurinda ibiremwa batabizi, amakungu y'ishikari afite uruhare runini mu kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge ku bibyimba. Gukora kw'izige rero si ibyo gusa bidasaba gusa, ahubwo nibyaha by'igikorwa cy'ubutabera bw'amakungu. Mu bikorwa byabo, abajyanama b'ishikari bafite ingingo mu kwemeza ibibazo by'ihungabanya ry'izige, kugira ingiro, no gukora n'ibyiciro by'ubuzima bw'izige kugira ngo babashe kubona abakozi. Mu gukora kwabo, amakungu y'ishikari ntibakomeza gusa ubuzima bw'izige, ahubwo n'ikigongwe cy'uko babwiriza ko atari byo bishobora kubaho mu rwego rwacu.
Kurinda inzego ni ingenzi
Ni byangahe ngo kurinda ibidukikije ari ingenzi irenga inzangano kandi ikaba ifite imizi mu kwigisha, mu mategeko, no mu mahanga. Ibinyabuzima, nk'ibyo binyabuzima, ni ngombwa kubahwa n'ubuhesha kandi bikabona ubwitaho no kubungabunga. Abakozi b'ishyaka babigira uruhare rukomeye mu kwigisha ko amategeko arwanya cyane ari mu gukora neza. Mu guha agamaro ibinyabuzima, abo bakozi baragira uruhare mu kurengera ibidukikije byacu, mu kwirinda ko ibinyabuzima bigira ikibazo, no mu kuzamura umuryango w'abaturage. Mu bwigisho, mu mahanga, no mu kwigisha abaturage, abakozi b'ishyaka baragira uruhare mu kurema ibinyabuzima n'abantu ku bufatanye, bikaba byaramazemo gukora ku buryo bwiza ku bantu n'ibinyabuzima.
Abajyanama b'ishikari bakora hamwe n'amatungo
Amashyirahamwe ajyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ya polisi amagana mu gukumira n'ikandamizwa ry'ubugizi bwa nabi ku bipfuzo, kandi akora hamwe n'ibigo by'ubuhungiro bw'ibinyabuzima kugira ngo aharanire ubuzima bwiza n'amanza y'ibinyabuzima mu baturage. Mu gitero no gukorana n'ibigo by'ubuhungiro, amagereza a polisi ashobora gusubiza neza ibibazo by'ubugizi bwa nabi, kubura no gushyira hanze. Izi gahunda zifasha mu kwishyura vuba ku ibyo kuburwa kw'ubugizi bwa nabi no gufasha mu gihe cyo kubaho. Byongeye, aho bita abakozi ba polisi barakira uburongozi ku gufata no kwita ku bipfuzo, bikabahesha ubushobozi bwo kubohora ibinyabuzima mu mahano no kubungira ibimenyetso byo mu mahakama. Izi ntore y'amashyirahamwe ajyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ya polisi n'ibigo by'ubuhungiro ni ububasha mu guharanira inyigisho z'ubuzima bw'ibinyabuzima no gushyigikira amategeko arinda. Ni mu gihe izo ntore zikorerwa hamwe n'ubushobozi bwiza bw'ibinyabuzima mu baturage.
Kwigishwa ku kubona nabi kw'ibinyabuzima
Kugira ngo hamenyekane neza iby'ubukoroni bw'ibinyabuzima, amagereza ya polisi y'ibihugu yemerera ko ari ngombwa ko abajyanisha babo batanga uburongozi bwihariye. Amakuru y'uburongozi ku bantu ku bw'ubukoroni bw'ibinyabuzima aba abajyanisha na polisi gukora ubushakashatsi ku binyabuzima. Ibi bikubiyemo amakuru y'uburongozi ku binyabuzima, gusobanukirwa n'amategeko n'amabwiriza, gushaka ibimenyetso, no kubaza ababonye ibyabaye n'abatabikoze. Byongeye kandi, abajyanisha na polisi bakigishwa ku bintu bigoye no gushaka ibisubizo mu kwishyuza iby'ubukoroni bw'ibinyabuzima, nko kubaho neza kw'ibinyabuzima mu gihe cy'ubushakashatsi. Mu gutanga uburongozi bwihariye ku bajyanisha na polisi, amagereza aba afite ubushobozi bwo gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko arwanya ubukoroni no kubuza ababikora kwishyuza ibyaha byabo. Ibi bigira uruhare mu kurinda no kurengera ibinyabuzima mu baturage.
Kuganira hamwe mu gahunda zitandukanye ni ingenzi
Gukumira neza ibikorwa byo kurenga amatungo bisaba ubufatanye hagati y'amajuru. Nta juru rishatse rikwiye gukora ku gituza cy'ikinyombyozi cy'amatungo ku bwaryo bw'igikora. Ubufatanye bw'amajuru buvuga ko hari uburyo bw'igikorwa, ubumenyi n'amakuru, bikagera ku bimenyetso by'ibikorwa by'ikinyombyozi ku bw'amajuru. Mu gukora hamwe, amajuru y'ishikwano ashobora gushyira hamwe ubumenyi n'amakuru, kubona ibimenyetso n'ibikorwa by'ikinyombyozi, no gushyiraho ibikorwa by'ihangano mu kubikemura. Ubufatanye bw'amajuru buragana n'amashyirahamwe arengera amatungo, abaganga b'amatungo n'abacamanza, bukagera ku bikorwa by'ihangano mu kurwanya ikinyombyozi cy'amatungo. Mu gushyiraho ubufatanye hagati y'amajuru, hari n'uburyo bateganya ko amatungo ari mu mahoro mu baturage.
Kushaka no kwemeza abafata nabi amatungo
Amashyirahamwe y'ikorera y'ubuyobozi bushingiye ku murongo mu gukusanya no kwakira abafatira mu maso mu rwego rwo kurwanaho ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero. Amashyirahamwe y'ikorera y'ubuyobozi afite inshingano yo kuzirikanaho ibibazo byo kwirengagiza no kwakira ibimenyetso kugira ngo abafatira bishwe mu maso. Ibi bikaba bikubiyemo gukorana na abandi bunganira mu kwakira ibimenyetso, gukusanya ibimenyetso ndetse no gukorana n'abahanga mu buzima bw'izindi nungukero kugira ngo bamenye uburyo bw'ikibazo cyabayeho ku nungukero. Igihe gukumira ibimenyetso birangiye, amashyirahamwe y'ikorera y'ubuyobozi akorana n'abakusanya mu rwego rwo kwakira abafatira mu maso no kubafatira ibyaha byabo. Ibi bikaba bikeneweho uburyo bworoshye, kwigirira hamwe no kwiyegereza mu rwego rwo kwakira ibyaha ndetse no kubafatira ibyaha byabo. Amashyirahamwe y'ikorera y'ubuyobozi akorana n'abakusanya mu rwego rwo kwakira abafatira mu maso no kubafatira ibyaha byabo, bikaba byarakozeho inzira y'ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero, bikaba byarakozeho uburyo bwo kurwanaho ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero.
Gutakambira kugira ngo uburenganzira bube bwinshi
Kugira ubutabera ku zindi nzego, ni ngombwa gushishikariza iperereza ry'ubuyobozi bw'igihugu kugira ngo habeho iminota ikomeye ku bafatiweho itegeko. Iminota iriho ubu ntishobora kwerekana ubukana bw'ibyaha byatewe, bikaba byongera kwica inzego ku bantu bashobora kwibasirwa. Gushishikariza iperereza ry'ubuyobozi bw'igihugu kugira ngo habeho iminota ikomeye, ni byo byoherereza ubutumwa bukomeye bwerekana ko ubukana bw'ibyaha bwo kwica inzego buzashyikirwa ku bafatiweho itegeko. Ibi bishobora gufasha kwica inzego ku bantu bashobora kwibasirwa no guhimbaza ishyaka ry'ubwishingizi n'ubutunzi ku nzego. Iminota ikomeye ishobora no guha abanyabyaha umutuzo, haba abantu n'indi nzego, no guhagarikira abafatiweho itegeko ku bikorwa byabo. Byongeyeho, ibi bikaba byongera guhindura muburyo bw'ubuzima, kwerekana ingombwa yo kurinda inzego no guhimbaza ishyaka ry'ubutunzi mu bantu. Gushishikariza iperereza ry'ubuyobozi bw'igihugu kugira ngo habeho iminota ikomeye, ni byo byoherereza ubutumwa bukomeye mu guhagarika urutonde rw'ubuzima rwerekana ko inzego zitegerezwa kurindwa.
Gutera inkunga abaturage kugira ngo babwireho ikibazo
Kugira ngo habeho gukumira nabi amatungo, ni ngombwa gushoboza abaturage kubona no kwerekana ibyo babonye. Gushoboza abantu kwerekana nabi kw'amatungo ntibyo byongera gusa n'abafata nabi, ahubwo binatuma habaho umunsi w'abaturage mu kuzamura amatungo. Ibi bishobora gukorwa mu kwigisha abaturage ibyerekeye nabi kw'amatungo, n'uburyo babasha kubona ibimenyetso, n'amahame bafatisha mu kuzamura amatungo. Mu guteza imbere ubushobozi n'ubutumwa mu baturage, twashobora gukora kugira ngo dushyireho umuco utemera nabi kw'amatungo, kandi aho amatungo azaba ashimangiye.
Mubisanzije, ni ngombwa ko dusanga yuko amajuru y'ishikwano y'ishyano n'uburyo rikora umwihariko mu gukumira no kurinda amatungo. Mu kugira icyo bakora kandi bakora ku buryo bw'igikorwa, bashyira hamwe n'amashyirahamwe arengera amatungo n'abaturage, hari n'uburyo bateganya ko amatungo ari gukindwa n'ikinyombyozi n'ibiziba. Ni ngombwa cyane ku bantu bose kubona ibimenyetso by'ikinyombyozi cyangwa se uburyo rikorerwa amatungo, n'amajuru y'ishikwano ari mu cyimbo cyo gufata ibyemezo by'ihangano mu kubuza abatererana amatungo bakabazwa. Hamwe, dushobora gukora ku buryo bw'amahoro n'uburyo bw'igikorwa ku isi y'amoko yose y'amatungo.
Ibajijwe
Ni ziki z’ibishikwa vy’ingenzi vy’ububasha bw’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu mu gukumira ubwicanyi bw’imbwa?
Imishinga shingano y’ububasha bw’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu mu gukumira ubwicanyi bw’imbwa harimo kubaza no gusubiza ku ibyo bigejeje kubwicanyi bw’imbwa, gukora ibitaramo n’igikoresho muburyo bw’ubutabazi, gushaka ibimenyetso vy’ubwicanyi, no kubohorera abantu abahakana gucisha imbwa muburyo bw’ubwicanyi. Ni n’abo kwiga uko babigenza mu gukumira ubwicanyi bw’imbwa, n’abo kubafasha kwiga uko babigenza mu gukumira ubwicanyi bw’imbwa, bakoranye n’abacamanza mu rwego rwo kurengera imbwa.
Ni gute agiye kwiga ry’ubugizi bwa nshingano mu gukumira ubwicanyi bw’imbwa?
Amashyirahamwe y'ikorera y'ubuyobozi akorana n'amashyirahamwe y'ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero mu rwego rwo kwakira ibyaha by'abafatira mu maso. Akenshi akorana n'amashyirahamwe y'ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero mu gukusanya ibimenyetso byo kwirengagiza no kwakira ibimenyetso. Amashyirahamwe y'ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero akaba ashobora gukora ibishobotse mu kwakira ibimenyetso no kwakira abafatira mu maso. Akaba ashobora no gushyikiriza abakora ibishobotse mu kwakira ibimenyetso no kwakira abafatira mu maso. Akorana n'amashyirahamwe y'ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero akaba ari ingenzi mu kwakira ibyaha by'abafatira mu maso no kubafatira ibyaha byabo, bikaba byarakozeho inzira y'ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero mu rwego rw'ubuzima bw'izindi nungukero.
Ni izihe ngorane amakungu y'ishikari yahura nazo mu gushaka no kuburanisha ibibazo bijyanye n'ihungabanya ry'izige?
Ibigo by'ahakibi by'igihugu bigirana ibibazo byinshi mu gushaka no gushinjira abafata nabi amatungo. Kubura ingufu n'amafaranga nabyo bigabanya ubushobozi bwabo bwo kubona abantu babifitemo ubushobozi n'igihe. Kubyara ubumenyi buke mu gushaka no mu kwemeza ibijyanye n'amatungo nabyo bigatuma umuntu atabasha kubona ibimenyetso by'ibyo bakoze. Amakosa yabatera nabi amatungo no kutabaho kw'ababonye ibyo bakora nabyo bigatera ibibazo. Ikindi kandi n'ibindi bihame n'amabwiriza bitandukanye hagati y'amakungu bigatera abantu gushidikanya mu gukumira ibyaha. Muri make, gukemura ibi bibazo bisaba kongera ingufu, n'amafaranga, no gukorana hagati y'ibyahozeho n'ibigo by'amategeko.
Ni ubuhe buryo bw'ihame cyangwa inyigisho zatewe n'amagisirikare n'amapolisi mu rwego rwo kurwanya no gukumira ubunyabuzima?
Zimwe mu nzira n'ingamba z'igikorwa zagiye zikoreshwa n'Abakozi b'igikorwa c'Imena n'Inyandiko kugira ngo babuze kandi baziyure ubukorwe bw'inyamaswa barimo kongera izindi ntungo hagati y'Abafatanyabikorwa mu kurengera izindi nyamaswa, gutoza abakozi b'igikorwa mu mategeko arengera izindi nyamaswa no kubona uburyo bw'inyandiko, gushyiraho imiryango n'amagambo y'igikorwa yo kubara ibyo gikore barimo gukora, gushyigikira abaturage mu gufasha no kubafasha gukora, gushyira mu bikorwa imipaka y'ubushinjacyaha ku bafatiwe n'igikorwa, no gukoresha ubuhanga nko muri Kamerasi z'igikorwa n'izindi nzira za sogi kugira ngo babone kandi baziyure abantu bafata igikorwa. Izi ngamba zikora kuko zizamura uburyo bwo kubaho nta ndakorerwa ku nyamaswa, kuzamura ubumenyi ku bantu ku mpamvu y'izindi nyamaswa, no guhugura abantu mu bafata igikorwa.
Ni gute amakungu y'ishikari yigisha abaturage ku buringanire bw'ihungabanya ry'izige n'ibisubizo ku bakozi?
Amashyirahamwe ajyanye n’utabera babaga abaturage ku bikorwa remezo byo kwerekana nabi kw’ibinyabuzima n’ibivugwa ku bafatiwe binyuze mu bintu bitandukanye. Bakwiriza kampeni zo kwigisha abaturage, gusangiza ibyigisha abaturage no kwandika ibiganiro mu baturage cyangwa ibiganiro mpamo kugira ngo babwire abaturage ingaruka zo kwerekana nabi nk’ibi. Ibi bikora kuko byigisha abaturage kubona no kwerekana nabi kw’ibinyabuzima, kubereka icyo bikora mu kurinda ibinyabuzima no kurinda abaturage. Byongeye, amashyirahamwe ashobora gukorana n’amashyirahamwe ajyanye n’ubuzima bw’ibinyabuzima no gukoresha imidiya soshali kugira ngo akwirize ubutumwa no kwereka abaturage ibivugwa ku bafatiwe n’igaragaza ry’inyandiko z’abafatiwe nk’urwego rw’ishyaka, gushyikirizwa n’ibindi, cyangwa gushyikirizwa mu gufata ibinyabuzima.
